通用电气变量检测与分析装置的研制
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摘要
针对目前日益突出的电能质量问题，设计开发了通用电气变量检测与分析装置，该装置为用户提供了一个综合分析电能质量的工具。装置的开发过程主要包括硬件和软件的设计。
硬件设计包括互感器、调理模块、A／D器件、工业PC等的选型，主要由Keithley公司的DAS-1801ST高速数据采集卡和工控机组成。
软件设计包括虚拟仪器面板界面的开发和电气变量检测算法的研究。其中，虚拟仪器面板界面的开发在目前最流行的可视化编辑工具Visual C++6.0(MFC)下实现，完成了输入电压、电流波形的动态显示，波形频率、有效值、功率以及功率因数的实时显示，谐波分析以及电压波动和闪变的检测。电气变量的检测方法主要依据相应的国家标准，而电压闪变的检测则依据IEC推荐的方法来实现。
本论文在介绍整个装置的硬件及软件构成的基础上，详细讨论了整个系统的总体设计、软件算法和具体的实现方法，并为减小测量误差进行了相应算法的分析与比较，在此基础上进行了仿真测试。
An equipment is developed to measure and analyze electric variables aiming at the problem of power quality. It provides the user with a tool to analyze power quality generally. The whole system is composed of the design of both hardware and software.
The hardware consists of transformer, adjusting module, A/D and PC for industry, primarily of the DAS-1801ST card from Keithley company and PC for industry.
The design of software is composed of the development of Virtual Panel Interface and the research of algorithm of measuring electric variable. The most popular VC++6.0 is used here to complete the development of the former which concludes the dynamic display of input wave-form, real-time displaying RMS, Power and Power Factor, harmonic analysis and measuring the voltage fluctuation and flicker. The measurement of electric variables is mostly based on GB while that of voltage fluctuation and flicker on the relevant IEC standard.
The general design, software algorithm and the whole process are discussed in detail based on the introduction of hardware and software.. Furthermore, several instance tests are carried through to diminish the error based on analyzing and comparing different algorithm.
硬件设计包括互感器、调理模块、A／D器件、工业PC等的选型，主要由Keithley公司的DAS-1801ST高速数据采集卡和工控机组成。
软件设计包括虚拟仪器面板界面的开发和电气变量检测算法的研究。其中，虚拟仪器面板界面的开发在目前最流行的可视化编辑工具Visual C++6.0(MFC)下实现，完成了输入电压、电流波形的动态显示，波形频率、有效值、功率以及功率因数的实时显示，谐波分析以及电压波动和闪变的检测。电气变量的检测方法主要依据相应的国家标准，而电压闪变的检测则依据IEC推荐的方法来实现。
本论文在介绍整个装置的硬件及软件构成的基础上，详细讨论了整个系统的总体设计、软件算法和具体的实现方法，并为减小测量误差进行了相应算法的分析与比较，在此基础上进行了仿真测试。
An equipment is developed to measure and analyze electric variables aiming at the problem of power quality. It provides the user with a tool to analyze power quality generally. The whole system is composed of the design of both hardware and software.
The hardware consists of transformer, adjusting module, A/D and PC for industry, primarily of the DAS-1801ST card from Keithley company and PC for industry.
The design of software is composed of the development of Virtual Panel Interface and the research of algorithm of measuring electric variable. The most popular VC++6.0 is used here to complete the development of the former which concludes the dynamic display of input wave-form, real-time displaying RMS, Power and Power Factor, harmonic analysis and measuring the voltage fluctuation and flicker. The measurement of electric variables is mostly based on GB while that of voltage fluctuation and flicker on the relevant IEC standard.
The general design, software algorithm and the whole process are discussed in detail based on the introduction of hardware and software.. Furthermore, several instance tests are carried through to diminish the error based on analyzing and comparing different algorithm.
引文
[1] 中华人民共和国国家标准 电能质量 电压允许波动与闪变，GB 12326-90．
[2] 中华人民共和国国家标准 电能质量 公用电网谐波，GB／T 14549-93．
[3] 唐统一，赵伟．电测与仪表技术的回顾与展望，电测与仪表，2000(1)：5～9．
[4] 肖国春，刘进军，王兆安．电能质量及其控制技术的研究进展，电力电子技术，2000(6)：58～60．
[5] 腾林，潘贞存．电能质量及其监测方法，电网技术，1998(4)：42～46．
[6] 胡铭，陈洐．电能质量及其分析方法综述，电网技术，2000(2)：36～38．
[7] 许遐，王惠仁．电能质量的全过程监测和预防检修，华北电力技术，2000(2)：1～5．
[8] 章艺，孙怡，孙悦．电能质量的分析与测量，测控技术，2000(8)：61～63．
[9] 刘洁，余熙．电能质量综合监测的系统实施方法，继电器，2000(11)：26～29．
[10] 肖湘宁，徐永海．电能质量问题剖析，电网技术，2001(3)：66～69．
[11] 蔡友．电力系统频率[M]．北京：中国电力出版社，1998．
[12] 吴竟昌，孙树勤等．电力系统谐波[M]．北京：水利电力出版社，1998．
[13] 孙树勤等．电压波动与闪变．北京：中国电力出版社，1998．
[14] DAS-18OOST/HR Series User's Guide, Keithley Instruments, Inc. 1995.
[15] J.Wikson, P.Hacksel and L.Kadar. Managing Power Quality, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:31～37.
[16] DriverLINX 4.0 Installation and Configuration Guide, Scientific Software Tools, Inc. 1996.
[17] Michael J.Young 著 邱仲潘等译，Visual C++4 从入门到精通(第二版)，电子工业出版社，1997．
[18] 侯俊杰，深入浅出MFC(第二版)，华中科技大学出版社，1998．
[19] 刘志俭等，MATLAB应用程序接口用户指南，北京：科学出版社，2000．
[20] 楼顺天．李博菡，基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——信号处理，西安电子科技大学出版社，1998．
[21] 宗孔德，胡广书等．数字信号处理[M]．清华大学出版社，1988．
[22] 程佩青．数字滤波与快速福利叶变换．清华大学出版社，1990．
[23] Vijay K.Jain, William L.Collins and David C.Davis. High-Accuracy Analog Measurements via Interpolated FFT, IEEE Trans IM, 1979(7):113～121.
[24] Thomas Grandke. Interpolation Algorithms for Discrete Fourier Transforms of Weighted Signals, IEEE Trans IM, 1983(7):350～355.
[25] Thomas S.Key and Doni J.Nastasi. Light Flicker due to Voltage Flunctuations: Changes in Lamp Technology and Standards, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:285～290.
[26] T.M.Blooming, M.T.Bishop and V.Skendzic, The Measurement of Power System Voltage Flicker, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:323～332.
[27] S.R.Mendis, M.T.Bishop and D.M.Boyd. Investigation of Transmission System Voltage Flicker Due to Multiple AC and DC Furnace Operation, I&SM, October, 1995:77～82.
[28] 史旺旺，陈虹．交流采样的误差分析与补偿，电测与仪表，1999(10)：4～6．
[29] 胡虔生，马宏忠．非正弦周期信号测量同步误差研究，中国电机工程学报，2000(9)：35～40．
[30] 陈祥训．快速高精度频谱分析方法，中国电机工程学报，1991(1)：34～41．
[2] 中华人民共和国国家标准 电能质量 公用电网谐波，GB／T 14549-93．
[3] 唐统一，赵伟．电测与仪表技术的回顾与展望，电测与仪表，2000(1)：5～9．
[4] 肖国春，刘进军，王兆安．电能质量及其控制技术的研究进展，电力电子技术，2000(6)：58～60．
[5] 腾林，潘贞存．电能质量及其监测方法，电网技术，1998(4)：42～46．
[6] 胡铭，陈洐．电能质量及其分析方法综述，电网技术，2000(2)：36～38．
[7] 许遐，王惠仁．电能质量的全过程监测和预防检修，华北电力技术，2000(2)：1～5．
[8] 章艺，孙怡，孙悦．电能质量的分析与测量，测控技术，2000(8)：61～63．
[9] 刘洁，余熙．电能质量综合监测的系统实施方法，继电器，2000(11)：26～29．
[10] 肖湘宁，徐永海．电能质量问题剖析，电网技术，2001(3)：66～69．
[11] 蔡友．电力系统频率[M]．北京：中国电力出版社，1998．
[12] 吴竟昌，孙树勤等．电力系统谐波[M]．北京：水利电力出版社，1998．
[13] 孙树勤等．电压波动与闪变．北京：中国电力出版社，1998．
[14] DAS-18OOST/HR Series User's Guide, Keithley Instruments, Inc. 1995.
[15] J.Wikson, P.Hacksel and L.Kadar. Managing Power Quality, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:31～37.
[16] DriverLINX 4.0 Installation and Configuration Guide, Scientific Software Tools, Inc. 1996.
[17] Michael J.Young 著 邱仲潘等译，Visual C++4 从入门到精通(第二版)，电子工业出版社，1997．
[18] 侯俊杰，深入浅出MFC(第二版)，华中科技大学出版社，1998．
[19] 刘志俭等，MATLAB应用程序接口用户指南，北京：科学出版社，2000．
[20] 楼顺天．李博菡，基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计——信号处理，西安电子科技大学出版社，1998．
[21] 宗孔德，胡广书等．数字信号处理[M]．清华大学出版社，1988．
[22] 程佩青．数字滤波与快速福利叶变换．清华大学出版社，1990．
[23] Vijay K.Jain, William L.Collins and David C.Davis. High-Accuracy Analog Measurements via Interpolated FFT, IEEE Trans IM, 1979(7):113～121.
[24] Thomas Grandke. Interpolation Algorithms for Discrete Fourier Transforms of Weighted Signals, IEEE Trans IM, 1983(7):350～355.
[25] Thomas S.Key and Doni J.Nastasi. Light Flicker due to Voltage Flunctuations: Changes in Lamp Technology and Standards, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:285～290.
[26] T.M.Blooming, M.T.Bishop and V.Skendzic, The Measurement of Power System Voltage Flicker, Electric Furnace Conference Proceedings, 1996:323～332.
[27] S.R.Mendis, M.T.Bishop and D.M.Boyd. Investigation of Transmission System Voltage Flicker Due to Multiple AC and DC Furnace Operation, I&SM, October, 1995:77～82.
[28] 史旺旺，陈虹．交流采样的误差分析与补偿，电测与仪表，1999(10)：4～6．
[29] 胡虔生，马宏忠．非正弦周期信号测量同步误差研究，中国电机工程学报，2000(9)：35～40．
[30] 陈祥训．快速高精度频谱分析方法，中国电机工程学报，1991(1)：34～41．