分位式传动误差测试系统下位机关键技术研究
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摘要
传动误差TE（Transmission Error）及单端运动的速度、加速度等运动特性MP（Motion Property）的动态精密测量涉及光、机、电，磁和计算机等多门学科的前沿技术，在生产中有着非常重要的意义。
“全微机化传动误差检测分析系统”（FMT系统）是以微机为核心，将脉冲信号细分原理与微机应用相结合的新型传动误差分析系统，甩掉了传统仪器的细分、比相等复杂硬件电路，构成无电器箱测试系统。本课题“分位式传动误差测试系统的下位机关键技术研究”是对原有的FMT系统进行进一步的升级研究。软件上，屏弃枯燥的ＤＯＳ界面，使用Windows平台实现实时性很高的实测实显任务；硬件上，将计算机作为上位机，单片机作下位机，连成简单的网络，实现高精度的、具有远程控制能力的一种分布式测试系统。下位机系统由大量的数字电路组成，为了提高系统的稳定性，我们用专用集成电路ASIC代替了分立元件。
系统的主要理论特色在于脉冲信号细分的一种新观点和微机实现方法。
在研制过程中，同时开发出一种单片智能信号发生器，在调试和自检中发挥很大作用。
本文最后给出了实验结果及误差曲线。
The dynamic precision measurements of property such as transmission error, single shaft motion speed and acceleration and so on , involve in frontal technologies about subjects including optics, mechanics, electricity, magnetism and computer .And these measurements play an important role in many manufacture fields.
The Full Micro-Computerized Test and Analyzing System for Transmission Error and Motion Property (FMT), whose core is micro-computer, is a new system for TE test and analyzing, combining plus signal subdivision theory with computer, and all test work is completed by it, so the test become "no instrument box test system". And our research ——Research on the key technique of the front CPU in distributed Transmission Error testing system, is the further research and upgrade of the FMT system. In soft, abnegating bald Dos operating system, we will realize testing and displaying in real time on Windows operating system. In hardware, we use computer as postposition CPU, Monolithic Processor as front CPU, and link them into simple network. In this way, we will realize a kind of distributing testing system providing with high precision and remote controlled ability. There are many digital circuits in postposition system .In order to improve the system's stability, Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC) does for a lot of single components.
The major theory characteristic of the system is a new view for pulse zoom and the method how to realize it by micro-computer.
During the course of the research, we developed a new intelligent signal generator. It gave us a lot of help in debugging and self-check about the system.
In the end of this thesis, the results of experiments and error curves are given.
“全微机化传动误差检测分析系统”（FMT系统）是以微机为核心，将脉冲信号细分原理与微机应用相结合的新型传动误差分析系统，甩掉了传统仪器的细分、比相等复杂硬件电路，构成无电器箱测试系统。本课题“分位式传动误差测试系统的下位机关键技术研究”是对原有的FMT系统进行进一步的升级研究。软件上，屏弃枯燥的ＤＯＳ界面，使用Windows平台实现实时性很高的实测实显任务；硬件上，将计算机作为上位机，单片机作下位机，连成简单的网络，实现高精度的、具有远程控制能力的一种分布式测试系统。下位机系统由大量的数字电路组成，为了提高系统的稳定性，我们用专用集成电路ASIC代替了分立元件。
系统的主要理论特色在于脉冲信号细分的一种新观点和微机实现方法。
在研制过程中，同时开发出一种单片智能信号发生器，在调试和自检中发挥很大作用。
本文最后给出了实验结果及误差曲线。
The dynamic precision measurements of property such as transmission error, single shaft motion speed and acceleration and so on , involve in frontal technologies about subjects including optics, mechanics, electricity, magnetism and computer .And these measurements play an important role in many manufacture fields.
The Full Micro-Computerized Test and Analyzing System for Transmission Error and Motion Property (FMT), whose core is micro-computer, is a new system for TE test and analyzing, combining plus signal subdivision theory with computer, and all test work is completed by it, so the test become "no instrument box test system". And our research ——Research on the key technique of the front CPU in distributed Transmission Error testing system, is the further research and upgrade of the FMT system. In soft, abnegating bald Dos operating system, we will realize testing and displaying in real time on Windows operating system. In hardware, we use computer as postposition CPU, Monolithic Processor as front CPU, and link them into simple network. In this way, we will realize a kind of distributing testing system providing with high precision and remote controlled ability. There are many digital circuits in postposition system .In order to improve the system's stability, Application Specific Integrated Circuit(ASIC) does for a lot of single components.
The major theory characteristic of the system is a new view for pulse zoom and the method how to realize it by micro-computer.
During the course of the research, we developed a new intelligent signal generator. It gave us a lot of help in debugging and self-check about the system.
In the end of this thesis, the results of experiments and error curves are given.
引文
[1] 彭东林、张光辉.传动误差测试系统FMT.制造机床与技术.1996.No.5.P32~35
[2] 彭东林.传动链精度检测微机系统的研制.兵工自动化.1992.No.1.P24~27
[3] 彭东林.传动误差检测的现状、发展与实践.中国机械传动91年年会论文集.1991
[4] 彭东林、戴正远.弧齿锥齿轮铣齿机传动误差检测系统研究.仪器仪表学报.1999.No.3.P40~43
[5] 王众托、杨德礼著.分布式计算机控制与管理系统.北京.电子工业出版社.1991.P55~60
[6] 刘积仁等.分布式多媒体技术导论.北京.电子工业出版社.1990.P12~20
[7] 和子康著.机床传动精度测量和提高.北京.计量出版社.1987.P5~10
[8] 秦树人等.传动链动态精度测量的新方法-QL系统.重庆大学学报
[9] 许慧斌、宾鸿赞.传动误差测量与控制的一种新型硬件、软件系统.中国机械工程.1999.No.10
[10] 宾鸿赞、陈卓宁.机床传动误差的微机控制.磨床与磨削. 1987.No.1.P30~32
[11] 朱跃生、沈潜清.微型计算机在传动链动态测试中的应用.全国第一届精密测试与控制学术会议论文.1987.P95~98
[12] 彭东林等.传动误差测量数学模型及FMT系统实践.制造机床与技术.1996.No.6
[13] 强锡富等著.几何量电测量仪.北京.机械工业出版社.1981.P115~120
[14] 王因明著.光学计量仪器设计.北京.机械工业出版社.1982
[15] 庄葆华、李真著.齿轮近代测量技术与仪器.北京.机械工业出版社.1986.P85~87
[16] 王光铨、毛军红编著.机械工程测量系统原理与装置.北京.机械工业出版社.1993
[17] 俞方平、史习敏.光栅信号微机细分原理及方法.全国第一届精密测试与控制学术会议论文.1987
[18] 梅景登.数字式传动链误差测量系统介绍.机床.1984.No.2.
[19] 郑相周.路亚衡.滚齿机传动误差的微机在线检测系统的研制.机械.1990.No.1
[20] 郑胜林、黄尚廉.检测圆光栅分度误差的系统与微型计算机接口.重庆大学光机所论文集.1985
[21] Jan Axelson.那怡超等.并行端口大全.北京：中国电力出版社.2001.P268~285
[22] Dhananjay.韩永彬、袁潮. 并行端口编程.北京：中国电力出版社.2000.P192~202
[23] Richard C.Leinecker、Tom Archer.张艳、王文学等.Visual C++6宝典.北京：电子工业出版社.2001.P591~596
[24] 张力等.VC++下并行通信的编程方法.计算机应用.1999.No.3.P32~35
[25] 何立民.单片机应用技术选编（4）.北京航空航天大学出版社.1997
[26] 陈汝全等.实用微机与单片机控制技术.电子科技大学出版社.1993
[27] 何立民.单片机高级教程.北京航空航天大学出版社.2000
[28] 胡汉才编著.单片机原理及其接口技术.清华大学出版社.1999
[29] 北京理工大学ASIC研究所.VHDL语言100例详解.北京.清华大学出版社.1999
[30] 侯伯亨编著.VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计.西安.西安电子科大出版社.1999.P71~76
[31] 罗万杰等.CPLD技术及其应用.西安.西安电子科大出版社.2000
[32] 朱明程、林欣荣.VHDL设计中电路简化问题的探讨.电子技术应用.2000.No.8
[33] 闫大顺、周强.集散控制系统的抗干扰措施.电子技术.2000.No.5.P45~48
[34] 王幸之等.单片机应用系统抗干扰技术.北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.2000
[35] 陈有卿等.集成电路妙用巧用300例.北京.人民邮电出版社.1999
[36] 陈伟人编著.MCS-51系列单片机实用子程序集锦.北京.清华大学出版社.1993
[37] 涂时亮等.单片机软件设计技术.重庆.科学技术文献出版社重庆分社.1988
[38] 徐淑华等.单片微型机原理及应用.黑龙江.哈尔滨工业大学出版社.1994.P43~47
[39] Altera Co..Digital Library 2000
[40] 于小亿.用VC++6.0实现PC机与单片机之间并行通信的方法.力源电子工程.2001.No.1.P45~48
[41] Gadre, Dhananjay V.Atmel`s AT89C2051 microcontroller.Dr.Dobb`s Journal July.1997.No.7
[42] 曹长江等.主从式熨烫机控制系统的设计与实现.电子技术.2000.No.5
[43] 吴刚.分布式单片机系统控制电子管发射机.力源电子工程.2001.No.1.P24~27
[44] Gadre，Dhananjay V.The parallel printer adapter finds new uses as an instrument interface. EDN June 22,1995.
[45] 朱大奇.单片机系统的软件抗干扰设计.电测与仪表.1997.No.8.P17~19
[46] 张捍东等.微机控制系统的屏蔽措施.电测与仪表.1998.No.2
[47] 金吉成等.单片微机系统的复位与自动复位.自动化与仪器仪表.1997.No.2
[48] 美国国家半导体公司编.数据采集系统应用手册.机械工业出版社.1997
[49] 方宏苗.基于Windows平台下的分布式传动误差和运动特性检测分析系统（硕士学位论文）.重庆.重庆大学.2001
[50] Mirho C A ,Terrisse A著.贺军译.WINDOWS95通信编程.清华大学出版社.1997.
[51] David Bennett等著.徐军等译.Visual C++5开发人员指南.机械工业出版社.1998
[52] R.G.Munro.A review of the theory and measurement of gear transmission error. ImechE. 1990
[53] H.Yagixhita.Method for measuring the dynamic transmission error in large gear hobbing machine. Precision. July,1990
[54] J.D.Smith.The Uses And Limitation of transmission error. Gear Technology.1988
[55] J.D.Smith.Identification of small amplitude reasons in rotary digital systems.Gear Technology.1979
[56] R.G.Munro.A review of single flank method of testing gears. Gear Technology .1979
[57] B.C.Nakra.Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis.1985
[58] James W.Dally.Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements. John Welayson.1984
[59] R.B.Randall.Application of B&K Equipment to Frequency analysis .1977,9
[60] Barry E.Jones. Instrucment Science and Technology.Adam Hilger .1985
[61] Frank J.Oliver. Practical Instrumentation Transduces .1977
[62] Altera.ByteBlaster Parallel Port Download Cable.1998
[63] Murray Sargent III，Richard L Shoemaker. The Personal Computer from the Inside Out. Addison-Wesley. 1995. P502~513
[64] Howard W.Johnson，Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design:A Handbook of Black Magic. Prentice Hall .1993. P212~231
[65] Paul Horowitz ，Winfield Hill. The Art of Electronice. Cambridge University Press .1989. P1011~1023
[66] 刘会耕，彭东林等.齿轮整体误差测量仪信号的细分处理.现代制造工程. 2002(6).P47~49
[2] 彭东林.传动链精度检测微机系统的研制.兵工自动化.1992.No.1.P24~27
[3] 彭东林.传动误差检测的现状、发展与实践.中国机械传动91年年会论文集.1991
[4] 彭东林、戴正远.弧齿锥齿轮铣齿机传动误差检测系统研究.仪器仪表学报.1999.No.3.P40~43
[5] 王众托、杨德礼著.分布式计算机控制与管理系统.北京.电子工业出版社.1991.P55~60
[6] 刘积仁等.分布式多媒体技术导论.北京.电子工业出版社.1990.P12~20
[7] 和子康著.机床传动精度测量和提高.北京.计量出版社.1987.P5~10
[8] 秦树人等.传动链动态精度测量的新方法-QL系统.重庆大学学报
[9] 许慧斌、宾鸿赞.传动误差测量与控制的一种新型硬件、软件系统.中国机械工程.1999.No.10
[10] 宾鸿赞、陈卓宁.机床传动误差的微机控制.磨床与磨削. 1987.No.1.P30~32
[11] 朱跃生、沈潜清.微型计算机在传动链动态测试中的应用.全国第一届精密测试与控制学术会议论文.1987.P95~98
[12] 彭东林等.传动误差测量数学模型及FMT系统实践.制造机床与技术.1996.No.6
[13] 强锡富等著.几何量电测量仪.北京.机械工业出版社.1981.P115~120
[14] 王因明著.光学计量仪器设计.北京.机械工业出版社.1982
[15] 庄葆华、李真著.齿轮近代测量技术与仪器.北京.机械工业出版社.1986.P85~87
[16] 王光铨、毛军红编著.机械工程测量系统原理与装置.北京.机械工业出版社.1993
[17] 俞方平、史习敏.光栅信号微机细分原理及方法.全国第一届精密测试与控制学术会议论文.1987
[18] 梅景登.数字式传动链误差测量系统介绍.机床.1984.No.2.
[19] 郑相周.路亚衡.滚齿机传动误差的微机在线检测系统的研制.机械.1990.No.1
[20] 郑胜林、黄尚廉.检测圆光栅分度误差的系统与微型计算机接口.重庆大学光机所论文集.1985
[21] Jan Axelson.那怡超等.并行端口大全.北京：中国电力出版社.2001.P268~285
[22] Dhananjay.韩永彬、袁潮. 并行端口编程.北京：中国电力出版社.2000.P192~202
[23] Richard C.Leinecker、Tom Archer.张艳、王文学等.Visual C++6宝典.北京：电子工业出版社.2001.P591~596
[24] 张力等.VC++下并行通信的编程方法.计算机应用.1999.No.3.P32~35
[25] 何立民.单片机应用技术选编（4）.北京航空航天大学出版社.1997
[26] 陈汝全等.实用微机与单片机控制技术.电子科技大学出版社.1993
[27] 何立民.单片机高级教程.北京航空航天大学出版社.2000
[28] 胡汉才编著.单片机原理及其接口技术.清华大学出版社.1999
[29] 北京理工大学ASIC研究所.VHDL语言100例详解.北京.清华大学出版社.1999
[30] 侯伯亨编著.VHDL硬件描述语言与数字逻辑电路设计.西安.西安电子科大出版社.1999.P71~76
[31] 罗万杰等.CPLD技术及其应用.西安.西安电子科大出版社.2000
[32] 朱明程、林欣荣.VHDL设计中电路简化问题的探讨.电子技术应用.2000.No.8
[33] 闫大顺、周强.集散控制系统的抗干扰措施.电子技术.2000.No.5.P45~48
[34] 王幸之等.单片机应用系统抗干扰技术.北京.北京航空航天大学出版社.2000
[35] 陈有卿等.集成电路妙用巧用300例.北京.人民邮电出版社.1999
[36] 陈伟人编著.MCS-51系列单片机实用子程序集锦.北京.清华大学出版社.1993
[37] 涂时亮等.单片机软件设计技术.重庆.科学技术文献出版社重庆分社.1988
[38] 徐淑华等.单片微型机原理及应用.黑龙江.哈尔滨工业大学出版社.1994.P43~47
[39] Altera Co..Digital Library 2000
[40] 于小亿.用VC++6.0实现PC机与单片机之间并行通信的方法.力源电子工程.2001.No.1.P45~48
[41] Gadre, Dhananjay V.Atmel`s AT89C2051 microcontroller.Dr.Dobb`s Journal July.1997.No.7
[42] 曹长江等.主从式熨烫机控制系统的设计与实现.电子技术.2000.No.5
[43] 吴刚.分布式单片机系统控制电子管发射机.力源电子工程.2001.No.1.P24~27
[44] Gadre，Dhananjay V.The parallel printer adapter finds new uses as an instrument interface. EDN June 22,1995.
[45] 朱大奇.单片机系统的软件抗干扰设计.电测与仪表.1997.No.8.P17~19
[46] 张捍东等.微机控制系统的屏蔽措施.电测与仪表.1998.No.2
[47] 金吉成等.单片微机系统的复位与自动复位.自动化与仪器仪表.1997.No.2
[48] 美国国家半导体公司编.数据采集系统应用手册.机械工业出版社.1997
[49] 方宏苗.基于Windows平台下的分布式传动误差和运动特性检测分析系统（硕士学位论文）.重庆.重庆大学.2001
[50] Mirho C A ,Terrisse A著.贺军译.WINDOWS95通信编程.清华大学出版社.1997.
[51] David Bennett等著.徐军等译.Visual C++5开发人员指南.机械工业出版社.1998
[52] R.G.Munro.A review of the theory and measurement of gear transmission error. ImechE. 1990
[53] H.Yagixhita.Method for measuring the dynamic transmission error in large gear hobbing machine. Precision. July,1990
[54] J.D.Smith.The Uses And Limitation of transmission error. Gear Technology.1988
[55] J.D.Smith.Identification of small amplitude reasons in rotary digital systems.Gear Technology.1979
[56] R.G.Munro.A review of single flank method of testing gears. Gear Technology .1979
[57] B.C.Nakra.Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis.1985
[58] James W.Dally.Instrumentation for Engineering Measurements. John Welayson.1984
[59] R.B.Randall.Application of B&K Equipment to Frequency analysis .1977,9
[60] Barry E.Jones. Instrucment Science and Technology.Adam Hilger .1985
[61] Frank J.Oliver. Practical Instrumentation Transduces .1977
[62] Altera.ByteBlaster Parallel Port Download Cable.1998
[63] Murray Sargent III，Richard L Shoemaker. The Personal Computer from the Inside Out. Addison-Wesley. 1995. P502~513
[64] Howard W.Johnson，Martin Graham. High-Speed Digital Design:A Handbook of Black Magic. Prentice Hall .1993. P212~231
[65] Paul Horowitz ，Winfield Hill. The Art of Electronice. Cambridge University Press .1989. P1011~1023
[66] 刘会耕，彭东林等.齿轮整体误差测量仪信号的细分处理.现代制造工程. 2002(6).P47~49