高Pr数流体在肋叉排三维内肋管中传输特性实验研究
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摘要
本文以未使用过的润滑油为工质，用正交试验设计方法，对高Pr数流体在肋叉排列三维内肋管中的传热和流阻特性进行了实验研究。研究范围Re= 30～1000;Pr=600～4000 。
研究结果提供了高Pr数流体在肋叉排三维内肋管中的流态判据。结果表明：在低雷诺数下,肋叉排列三维内肋管内的流型就由层流向过渡流转变，其转换雷诺数（下临界雷诺数Recr）与肋形结构相关:Recr=3.3602(H/Di)-2.380 (Pt/H)-1.646 (B/Pt)-1.352 (S/B)-3.097。可见，Recr随肋高H、肋宽B、肋轴向间距Pt的增大而减小；同样，流型由过渡流向旺盛湍流转变时的上临界雷诺数Reb也与肋形结构相关：Reb=52.51 (H/Di)-0.956(Pt/H)-0.777(B/Pt)-0.455(S/B)-0.783。Reb随肋高H、肋轴向间距Pt的增大而减小，随肋宽的增大而增大。
由于高Pr数流体在肋叉排三维内肋管中的临界雷诺数较低，工程设计时容易实现使流型处在换热系数较高的湍流区。说明肋叉排列三维内肋管是强化高Pr数流体传热的优良管件。
对实验所得数据用最小二乘法进行了多元线性回归。分别求取得到了层流﹑过渡流和旺盛湍流三种流态下的换热和流阻准则方程式。
用正交试验设计分析方法对试验结果进行了分析。得到了肋叉排列三维内肋管在以上三个流态区间内，达到热力性能系数最佳时的结构组合方式，并对强化传热的机理进行了理论分析。同时，指出了肋形结构进一步优化的方向。
本文所得结论可作为后续研究的参考和进行工程应用的设计依据。
This paper carry out experimental study of the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of high Prandtl number fluid in 3-D internally crossing -finned tubes with cross-experiment design method.use oil as work media. Where Reynolds number ranged from 30 to 1000,Prandtl number from 600 to 4000.
One of the results is the criterion of flow state in the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube. It shows that the flow in 3-D internally finned tubes can transform from laminar to transitive state with lower Reynolds number ,the conversional Reynolds number (under critical Reynolds number)Recr is correlated with the structures of the fin . Recr=3.3602(H/Di)-2.380 (Pt/H)-1.646 (B/Pt)-1.352 (S/B)-3.097which descends when H,B or Pt adds.Samely the conversional Reynolds number which show the flow transform from transitive state to turbulent state (up critical Renolds number) Reb is correlated with the structures of the fin too. Reb = 52.51(H / Di)-0.956 (Pt/H)-0.777 (B/Pt)-0.455 (S/B)-0.783 , which descends when H or Pt adds , oppositively when B reduces.
The critical Reynolds number is small in the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube. Which is helpful for the engineering design to make the fluid flow in the turbulent zone and improve the heat transfer co-efficient .It shows that the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube is the superior tube for the high Prandtl fluid to enhance heat transfer.
Regressed the experimental date with linear use minimal dual multiply method.Got the empirical equation of heat transfer and flow resistance in laminar,transitive and turbulent zone.
Analysised the cross-experimental results and found the fittest way of various constructs to get the highest value of the thermal performance factor .Gave the theorith analysis of the mechanism of enhancement of heat transfer.And point out the optimize way of the fin.
The conclusion of this paper offered the reference for latter study and engineering design.
研究结果提供了高Pr数流体在肋叉排三维内肋管中的流态判据。结果表明：在低雷诺数下,肋叉排列三维内肋管内的流型就由层流向过渡流转变，其转换雷诺数（下临界雷诺数Recr）与肋形结构相关:Recr=3.3602(H/Di)-2.380 (Pt/H)-1.646 (B/Pt)-1.352 (S/B)-3.097。可见，Recr随肋高H、肋宽B、肋轴向间距Pt的增大而减小；同样，流型由过渡流向旺盛湍流转变时的上临界雷诺数Reb也与肋形结构相关：Reb=52.51 (H/Di)-0.956(Pt/H)-0.777(B/Pt)-0.455(S/B)-0.783。Reb随肋高H、肋轴向间距Pt的增大而减小，随肋宽的增大而增大。
由于高Pr数流体在肋叉排三维内肋管中的临界雷诺数较低，工程设计时容易实现使流型处在换热系数较高的湍流区。说明肋叉排列三维内肋管是强化高Pr数流体传热的优良管件。
对实验所得数据用最小二乘法进行了多元线性回归。分别求取得到了层流﹑过渡流和旺盛湍流三种流态下的换热和流阻准则方程式。
用正交试验设计分析方法对试验结果进行了分析。得到了肋叉排列三维内肋管在以上三个流态区间内，达到热力性能系数最佳时的结构组合方式，并对强化传热的机理进行了理论分析。同时，指出了肋形结构进一步优化的方向。
本文所得结论可作为后续研究的参考和进行工程应用的设计依据。
This paper carry out experimental study of the heat transfer and flow resistance characteristics of high Prandtl number fluid in 3-D internally crossing -finned tubes with cross-experiment design method.use oil as work media. Where Reynolds number ranged from 30 to 1000,Prandtl number from 600 to 4000.
One of the results is the criterion of flow state in the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube. It shows that the flow in 3-D internally finned tubes can transform from laminar to transitive state with lower Reynolds number ,the conversional Reynolds number (under critical Reynolds number)Recr is correlated with the structures of the fin . Recr=3.3602(H/Di)-2.380 (Pt/H)-1.646 (B/Pt)-1.352 (S/B)-3.097which descends when H,B or Pt adds.Samely the conversional Reynolds number which show the flow transform from transitive state to turbulent state (up critical Renolds number) Reb is correlated with the structures of the fin too. Reb = 52.51(H / Di)-0.956 (Pt/H)-0.777 (B/Pt)-0.455 (S/B)-0.783 , which descends when H or Pt adds , oppositively when B reduces.
The critical Reynolds number is small in the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube. Which is helpful for the engineering design to make the fluid flow in the turbulent zone and improve the heat transfer co-efficient .It shows that the 3-D internally crossing -finned tube is the superior tube for the high Prandtl fluid to enhance heat transfer.
Regressed the experimental date with linear use minimal dual multiply method.Got the empirical equation of heat transfer and flow resistance in laminar,transitive and turbulent zone.
Analysised the cross-experimental results and found the fittest way of various constructs to get the highest value of the thermal performance factor .Gave the theorith analysis of the mechanism of enhancement of heat transfer.And point out the optimize way of the fin.
The conclusion of this paper offered the reference for latter study and engineering design.
引文
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3. GRABEZHNAYA.V.A, SUVOROV.M.YA and TURCHIN.N.M Heat Exchange Enhancement in Circular Tubes with Helical Grooves on the Outside and Corresponding Fins on the Inside:Separate Measurements of Grooves and Fin Convective , Heat Transfer Research ,Vol.25.No.3.1993.
4. IKUO MABUCHI ,MASAYA and MUNEHIKO HIWADA Enhancement Studies Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Three-Dimensional Rib-Roughened Tubes (Part I,In-Line Arrangement),1989 Scripta Technica,Inc.
5. IKUO MABUCHI,MASAYA KUMADA and MUNEHIKO HIWADA Enhancement Studies of Forced Convective Heat Transfer in Three-Dimensional Rib-Roughenes Tubes (Part II ,Staggered Arrangement),1989.Scripta Technica ,Inc.
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8. Takahashi , K. et al ,Heat Transfer Japan Research ,Vol.17,pp12,1988.
9. HOSNI .M.H, et al . Roughness element Shape effects on heat transfer and skin friction in rough-wall turbulent boundary layers , Int.J.Heat Transfer.Vol.36.No.1.pp147-153.1993.
10. Rabas , T.J,Webb .R.L,Thors .P,Kim.N.K Influence of roughness shape and spacing on the performance of three-dimensional helically dimpledtubes,J Enhanced Heat Transfer Vol,1 1993,p53-64.
11. Jubran .B.A,Hamdan .M.A,Abdualh.R.M Enhanced Heat Transfer ,Missing Pin ,and Optimization for Cylindrical Pin Fin Arrays ,Journal of Heat Transfer ,Vol.115,August,1993.
12. Minakami .ko.et al . Heat transfer characteristics of pin-fins with in-line arrangement (1st report ,effect of the pin pitch) ,Nippon Kikai Gakkai Roubnnshu B Hen Vol.59,No.567,Nov,1993.
13. Babus ,Hag ,R.F et al Thermal permance of a pin-fin assembly Int .J Heat Fluid Flow Vol.16,No.1,Feb,1995.
14. Tiggelbeck ,St,Mitra.N.K,Fiebig ,M Comparison of Wing-Type Vortex Gen eraters for Heat Transfer ,Vol ,116,Nov,1994.
15. Manglik .R .M. Bergles .A.E Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop-Laminar Flows Journal of Heat Transfer Vol.1150,Nov.1993.
16. Manglik .R .M. Bergles .A.E Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Twisted-Tape Iuserts in Isothermal Tubes : Part II-Transition and Turbulent Flows ,Journal of Transfer ,Vol.115,Nov.1993.
17. PRASDAD.R.C,SHEN JIHUA Performance evaluation using exergy analysis-application to wire-coil insert in forced convection heat transfer , Int .J.Heat Transfer .Vol.37.,No.15,p2297-2303 .1994.
18. Ravigururajan .T.S,Bergles .A.E Visualization of Flow Phenomena Near Enhanced Surface ,Journal of Heat Tansfer Vol116,Feb,1994.
19. Inaba,Hedeo et al .Fundamental study of heat transfer enhancement and flow-drag reduction in tubes by means of wire coil insert(1st Report ,Characteristics of flow resistance and heat transfer in tubes with wire coil insert),Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu B Hen Vol,60 No.569,Jan 1994,p240-247.
20. Inaba,Hideo et al .Fundamental study of heat transfer enhancement and flow-drag reduction in tubes by means of wire coil insert (2nd Report ,Heat transfer estimation and optimum arrangement of wire coil in a tube),Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu B Hen Vol.60 No.571,Mar 1994,pp1005-1010.
21. Zhu yongguan et al The augmentation of heat transfer for gas using flag-type insert ,J Chem Eng Chin Univ Vol.7 No.2 Jun 1993 p131-135.
22. Fu.Wu-shung,tseug ching-chi Enhancement of heat transfer for a tube with an inner tubes insertion Int .J.Heat Mass Transfer Vol.237.No.3 pp499-509.1994.
23. Kim Nae-Hyun ,Webb.R.L Analytic prediction of the Friction and Heat Transfer for Turbulent Flow in Axial Internal Fin Tubes , Journal of Heat Transfer Vol.115.Aug 1993.
24. DYBAN . YU,YE. Heat Transfer in a Flat Duct Baffled by perforated and Nonperforated Plates Heat Transfer Research,Vol.25,No.4 1993.
25. HU SEN and HEROLD KEITHE Prandtl number affect on offset fin heat exchange performance:predictive model for heat transfer and pressure drop . Int J .Heat Mass Transfer .Vol.38 No.6 pp1034-1051 1995.
26. Huang Huai-Zhang,Tao Wen-Quan .An Experimental study on Heat/Mass Plate Length Positioned Obliquely to the Flow Direction ,Journal of Heat Transfer Vol .115.aug 1993.
Lion Tong-Miin.Wang Wen-Bin ,Chang Yuan-Jen Holographic Interferometry Study of
27. Spatially Periodic Heat Transfer in a channel With Ribs Detachaed From One Wall ,Journal of Heat Transfer Vol .117.Feb 1995.
28. LIN .H.H.HUNG,Y.H Transient forced convection heat transfer in a vertical rib-heated channel using a turbulence promoter ,Int J Heat Mass Transfer ,Vol.36.No.6 pp1553-1571 ,1993.
29. MYRUM.T.A.QIU.X and ACHARYA .S Heat transfer enhancement in a ribbed duct using Vortex generators ,Int J.heat Transfer Vol.36 No.14.pp3497-3508,1993.
30. ZUKAUSKAS .A Enhancement of forced convection heat transfer in viscous fluid flow ,Int J .Heat Transfer Vol.37.supp1,1 pp207-212 .1994.
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36. 廖光亚，高川云，王朝素 三维内肋管的传热及流阻的实验研究 工程热物理学报 Vol.11,No.4,1990
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38. 王朝素，高川云等 三维内肋管中气体介质过渡流吸热的实验研究 中国工程热物理学会第七届年会，1990
39. Liao GuangYa ,Gao chuanyun et al .Experimental Investigation of Transition Flow Heat Transfer of Three-Dimensional Internally Finned Tubes ,HTD.Vol.169 advances in heat transfer Augmentation and Mixed Convection ASME 1991.
40. 顾维藻等 几种传热表面特性的实验研究 工程热物理学报1991，Vol.12,No.4
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42. 廖强，辛明道 三维内肋管内乙二醇工质在层流和过渡流区的对流换热实验研究 中国热物理学会首届青年学术年会 ，1992
43. 张洪济等 中压下垂直三维内翅管中的上升流动与传热 中国工程热物理学会第八届年会 ，1992
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45. 张健秋，廖光亚，刘红，江村 高Pr数流体在三维内肋管中的换热实验研究 全国供热供燃气通风与空调科学讨论会 ，1992
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2. Zhang .Y.M,Gu.W.Z,Han.J.C heat Transfer and Friction in Rectangular Channels With Ribbed-Grooved Walls , Journal of Heat transfer , Vol.116,February 1994
3. GRABEZHNAYA.V.A, SUVOROV.M.YA and TURCHIN.N.M Heat Exchange Enhancement in Circular Tubes with Helical Grooves on the Outside and Corresponding Fins on the Inside:Separate Measurements of Grooves and Fin Convective , Heat Transfer Research ,Vol.25.No.3.1993.
4. IKUO MABUCHI ,MASAYA and MUNEHIKO HIWADA Enhancement Studies Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Three-Dimensional Rib-Roughened Tubes (Part I,In-Line Arrangement),1989 Scripta Technica,Inc.
5. IKUO MABUCHI,MASAYA KUMADA and MUNEHIKO HIWADA Enhancement Studies of Forced Convective Heat Transfer in Three-Dimensional Rib-Roughenes Tubes (Part II ,Staggered Arrangement),1989.Scripta Technica ,Inc.
6. Meyer . L . ,Ph.D.Thesis ,University Karlsrube ,1978.
7. Meyer. L . Int .J .Heat Mass Transfer Vol.25,No.7.pp1043-1058,1982.
8. Takahashi , K. et al ,Heat Transfer Japan Research ,Vol.17,pp12,1988.
9. HOSNI .M.H, et al . Roughness element Shape effects on heat transfer and skin friction in rough-wall turbulent boundary layers , Int.J.Heat Transfer.Vol.36.No.1.pp147-153.1993.
10. Rabas , T.J,Webb .R.L,Thors .P,Kim.N.K Influence of roughness shape and spacing on the performance of three-dimensional helically dimpledtubes,J Enhanced Heat Transfer Vol,1 1993,p53-64.
11. Jubran .B.A,Hamdan .M.A,Abdualh.R.M Enhanced Heat Transfer ,Missing Pin ,and Optimization for Cylindrical Pin Fin Arrays ,Journal of Heat Transfer ,Vol.115,August,1993.
12. Minakami .ko.et al . Heat transfer characteristics of pin-fins with in-line arrangement (1st report ,effect of the pin pitch) ,Nippon Kikai Gakkai Roubnnshu B Hen Vol.59,No.567,Nov,1993.
13. Babus ,Hag ,R.F et al Thermal permance of a pin-fin assembly Int .J Heat Fluid Flow Vol.16,No.1,Feb,1995.
14. Tiggelbeck ,St,Mitra.N.K,Fiebig ,M Comparison of Wing-Type Vortex Gen eraters for Heat Transfer ,Vol ,116,Nov,1994.
15. Manglik .R .M. Bergles .A.E Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop-Laminar Flows Journal of Heat Transfer Vol.1150,Nov.1993.
16. Manglik .R .M. Bergles .A.E Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Twisted-Tape Iuserts in Isothermal Tubes : Part II-Transition and Turbulent Flows ,Journal of Transfer ,Vol.115,Nov.1993.
17. PRASDAD.R.C,SHEN JIHUA Performance evaluation using exergy analysis-application to wire-coil insert in forced convection heat transfer , Int .J.Heat Transfer .Vol.37.,No.15,p2297-2303 .1994.
18. Ravigururajan .T.S,Bergles .A.E Visualization of Flow Phenomena Near Enhanced Surface ,Journal of Heat Tansfer Vol116,Feb,1994.
19. Inaba,Hedeo et al .Fundamental study of heat transfer enhancement and flow-drag reduction in tubes by means of wire coil insert(1st Report ,Characteristics of flow resistance and heat transfer in tubes with wire coil insert),Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu B Hen Vol,60 No.569,Jan 1994,p240-247.
20. Inaba,Hideo et al .Fundamental study of heat transfer enhancement and flow-drag reduction in tubes by means of wire coil insert (2nd Report ,Heat transfer estimation and optimum arrangement of wire coil in a tube),Nippon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu B Hen Vol.60 No.571,Mar 1994,pp1005-1010.
21. Zhu yongguan et al The augmentation of heat transfer for gas using flag-type insert ,J Chem Eng Chin Univ Vol.7 No.2 Jun 1993 p131-135.
22. Fu.Wu-shung,tseug ching-chi Enhancement of heat transfer for a tube with an inner tubes insertion Int .J.Heat Mass Transfer Vol.237.No.3 pp499-509.1994.
23. Kim Nae-Hyun ,Webb.R.L Analytic prediction of the Friction and Heat Transfer for Turbulent Flow in Axial Internal Fin Tubes , Journal of Heat Transfer Vol.115.Aug 1993.
24. DYBAN . YU,YE. Heat Transfer in a Flat Duct Baffled by perforated and Nonperforated Plates Heat Transfer Research,Vol.25,No.4 1993.
25. HU SEN and HEROLD KEITHE Prandtl number affect on offset fin heat exchange performance:predictive model for heat transfer and pressure drop . Int J .Heat Mass Transfer .Vol.38 No.6 pp1034-1051 1995.
26. Huang Huai-Zhang,Tao Wen-Quan .An Experimental study on Heat/Mass Plate Length Positioned Obliquely to the Flow Direction ,Journal of Heat Transfer Vol .115.aug 1993.
Lion Tong-Miin.Wang Wen-Bin ,Chang Yuan-Jen Holographic Interferometry Study of
27. Spatially Periodic Heat Transfer in a channel With Ribs Detachaed From One Wall ,Journal of Heat Transfer Vol .117.Feb 1995.
28. LIN .H.H.HUNG,Y.H Transient forced convection heat transfer in a vertical rib-heated channel using a turbulence promoter ,Int J Heat Mass Transfer ,Vol.36.No.6 pp1553-1571 ,1993.
29. MYRUM.T.A.QIU.X and ACHARYA .S Heat transfer enhancement in a ribbed duct using Vortex generators ,Int J.heat Transfer Vol.36 No.14.pp3497-3508,1993.
30. ZUKAUSKAS .A Enhancement of forced convection heat transfer in viscous fluid flow ,Int J .Heat Transfer Vol.37.supp1,1 pp207-212 .1994.
31. Lin,C.K.,1966,Stanford University Report,MD-15.
32. Tanasawa,I.,1980,High Performance Surfaces for Non-Boiling Heat Transfer,Heat Transfer in Energy Problems.
33. Roeller,P.T.,Stevens,J.,and Webb,B.W.,1991,ASME J.Heat Transfer,Vol.113
34. Mabuchi，I .,Kumada,M.,Hiwada,M.,and Yamada,K.,1988,Heat Transfer Japenese Research,Vol.17,No.6
35. 胡振军，神家锐 三维离散倾斜肋的传热强化及流动特性 中国工程热物理学会传热传质学术会议 ，1994
36. 廖光亚，高川云，王朝素 三维内肋管的传热及流阻的实验研究 工程热物理学报 Vol.11,No.4,1990
37. 廖光亚，高川云等 三维内肋管过渡流换热的实验研究高等学校第三届工程热物理全国学术会议 ，1990
38. 王朝素，高川云等 三维内肋管中气体介质过渡流吸热的实验研究 中国工程热物理学会第七届年会，1990
39. Liao GuangYa ,Gao chuanyun et al .Experimental Investigation of Transition Flow Heat Transfer of Three-Dimensional Internally Finned Tubes ,HTD.Vol.169 advances in heat transfer Augmentation and Mixed Convection ASME 1991.
40. 顾维藻等 几种传热表面特性的实验研究 工程热物理学报1991，Vol.12,No.4
41. 廖强，辛明道 三维内肋管内水的对流换热实验 全国高等学校工程热物理第四届学术会议论文集 ，1992
42. 廖强，辛明道 三维内肋管内乙二醇工质在层流和过渡流区的对流换热实验研究 中国热物理学会首届青年学术年会 ，1992
43. 张洪济等 中压下垂直三维内翅管中的上升流动与传热 中国工程热物理学会第八届年会 ，1992
44. 廖强，辛明道 紊流区内不同物性的工质在三维内肋管内的对流换热实验 重庆大学学报 Vol.16,No.3,1993
45. 张健秋，廖光亚，刘红，江村 高Pr数流体在三维内肋管中的换热实验研究 全国供热供燃气通风与空调科学讨论会 ，1992
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