模板化航空静止变流器逆变环节研究
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摘要
目前航空静止变流器多采用能量集中变换方式，这导致系统热损耗集中，可靠性低。本文提出一种以级联逆变器为核心的模板化航空静止变流器，该方案具有模块化程度高、能量分布变换和高效率等优势，可以实现系统的高功率密度。
级联型逆变器和其它两种多电平逆变器(二极管箝位型，飞跨电容型)相比具有结构简单、控制方便等优点。载波移相正弦脉宽调制技术有独特的消谐波优势，其等效开关频率高，输出波形正弦度好，可以大幅减小滤波器体积，为实现系统的高功率密度奠定基础。为提高航空静止变流器动态特性，本文采用输出电压和电容电流瞬时值反馈技术，较传统的电感电流控制技术，具有动态响应快、外特性好、非线性负载能力强等优点。
制作了一台瞬时值控制的级联型航空静止变流器，进行了系统的电气性能测试，各项指标都达到预期性能。
At present the concentrated power conversion is adapted by most of the Aviation Static Inverter (ASI). It makes a concentrated heat and a poor reliability. In this paper a new modularization ASI centered a cascade inverter is presented. The strategy has the advantage in modularization and high conversion efficiency. It can also realize energy conversion in distribution and high power density.
Cascade inverter shows the virtue in structure and control strategies compare to diode-clamped multilevel inverter and flying-capacitor multilevel inverter. The volume of the output filter can be reduced greatly used in cascade inverter with carrier-phase-shifted SPWM technology which has a high equivalent switching frequency and a good output sine wave. It is the base of the high power density of ASI. To quicken the dynamic response of ASI, a current-mode control technology with instantaneous capacitor-current feedback is adapted in this paper. Inverters with this technology have advantages in dynamic response, output characteristic, the adaptive capability in nonlinear load compare to traditional inductor-current feedback.
A cascade ASI experimental prototype with instantaneous control strategy is accomplished. All the guide lines attain the expected request in the all-sided tests.
级联型逆变器和其它两种多电平逆变器(二极管箝位型，飞跨电容型)相比具有结构简单、控制方便等优点。载波移相正弦脉宽调制技术有独特的消谐波优势，其等效开关频率高，输出波形正弦度好，可以大幅减小滤波器体积，为实现系统的高功率密度奠定基础。为提高航空静止变流器动态特性，本文采用输出电压和电容电流瞬时值反馈技术，较传统的电感电流控制技术，具有动态响应快、外特性好、非线性负载能力强等优点。
制作了一台瞬时值控制的级联型航空静止变流器，进行了系统的电气性能测试，各项指标都达到预期性能。
At present the concentrated power conversion is adapted by most of the Aviation Static Inverter (ASI). It makes a concentrated heat and a poor reliability. In this paper a new modularization ASI centered a cascade inverter is presented. The strategy has the advantage in modularization and high conversion efficiency. It can also realize energy conversion in distribution and high power density.
Cascade inverter shows the virtue in structure and control strategies compare to diode-clamped multilevel inverter and flying-capacitor multilevel inverter. The volume of the output filter can be reduced greatly used in cascade inverter with carrier-phase-shifted SPWM technology which has a high equivalent switching frequency and a good output sine wave. It is the base of the high power density of ASI. To quicken the dynamic response of ASI, a current-mode control technology with instantaneous capacitor-current feedback is adapted in this paper. Inverters with this technology have advantages in dynamic response, output characteristic, the adaptive capability in nonlinear load compare to traditional inductor-current feedback.
A cascade ASI experimental prototype with instantaneous control strategy is accomplished. All the guide lines attain the expected request in the all-sided tests.
引文
1．严仰光，航空航天供电系统，北京：航空工业出版社，1994，58-60
2．丁道宏，电力电子技术，北京：航空工业出版社，1999，215-224
3. Jose Rodriguez and Luis Moran. High-Voltage Multilevel Converter With Regeneration Capability. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4): 839-845
4. A Multilevel Voltage-Source Inverter with Separate DC Sources for Static Var Generation. IEEE Transaction on IA. 1996,32(5):1130-1137
5. Hans Ertl and Johann W. Kolar. Analysis of a Multilevel Multicell Switch-Mode Power Amplifier Employing the "Flying-Battery'Concept. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4):816-823
6. Abraham J.Visser and Johan H.R. Transformerless Series Sag Compensation With a Cascaded Multilevel Inverter. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4):824-831
7. Jih-Sheng L. and Fang Z. P. Multilevel Converters—A New Breed of Power Converters. IEEE Transaction on IA, 1996,32(3): 509-517
8. Thierry A.Meynard and Henri Foch. Muticell Converters: Basic Concept and Industry Applications. IEEE Transaction on IE.2002,49(5):955-963
9. Yiqiao Liang, Multilevel Voltage Source Inverters with Phase-Shift SPWM and Their Applications in STATCOM and Power line conditioner. Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Drexel University Dec. 1999
10．王广柱，二极管箝位式多电平逆变器直流侧电容电压不平衡机理的研究，中国电机工程学报，2002，22(12)：111-117
11. C.K.Lee and S.Y. Ron Hui. A 31-level Cascade Inverter for Power Applications. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(3):613-617
12．张仲超，张劲东等，特大功率组合变流器的相移SPWM技术，电工技术学报，1997，12(2)：27
13．王长永，组合变流器相移SPWM技术及其在有源电力滤波器中的应用研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，1998．1
14. Liqiao Wang and Zhongchao Zhang. Cascade Multi-Level Converters with Sample-Time-Staggered Space Vector Modulation. IEEE Transactino on PE.2003:268-273
15．丁凯，皱云屏等．级联多电平逆变器研究．电力电子技术．2002，36(2)：59-60
16．吴洪洋，何湘宁．级联型多电平变换器PWM控制方法的仿真研究．中国电机工程学报．2001，21(8)：42-46
17．邢岩，逆变器并联运行系统的研究，南京航空航天大学博士学位论文，1999．12
18．陈东华，瞬时值控制逆变器技术研究，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2003．2
19. Naser M.Abdel-Rahim and John E.Quaicoe. Analysis and Design of a Multilevel Feedback Loop Control Strategy for Single-Phase Voltage-Source UPS Inverters. IEEE Transaction on PE.1996,11(4):532-541
20. Michael J.Ryan and Robert D.Lorenz. A High Performance Sine Wave Inverter Controller with Capacitor Feedback and "Back-EMF"Decoupling. IEEE PESC'95 Conf. Rec., 1995,pp.507-513
21. Leon M.Tolbert and Fang Zheng Peng. Multilevel PWM Methods at Low Modulation Indices.IEEE Transaction on PE. 2000,15(4):719-725
22．刘凤君，正弦波逆变器，北京：科学出版社，2000，122-133
23. Hongying Wu and Dong Lin. A Current-Mode Control Technique with Instantaneous Inductor-Current Feedback for UPS Inverter. IEEE PESC'99:951-957
24．张志涌等，精通MATLAB5.3版，北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000，330-378
25. Marian RKazmierkowski and Luigi Malesani. Current Control Techniques for Three-Phase Voltage-Source PWM Converters:A Survey. IEEE Transaction on IE. 1998,45(5):691-703
26．林渭勋．现代电力电子电路，杭州：浙江大学出版社，2002，203-220
27．郭卫农，陈坚．基于状态观测器的逆变器数字双环控制技术研究．中国电机工程学报．2002，22(9)：64-68
28．朱震莲 严仰光 周波，现代调速系统(直流部分)，南京航空航天大学，1996，119-131
29．胡寿松，自动控制原理，北京：国防工业出版社，1994，239-282
30．熊蕊，何定桥，逆变器带非线性负载时输出电压控制技术，华中理工大学学报，2000，28(1)：41-43
2．丁道宏，电力电子技术，北京：航空工业出版社，1999，215-224
3. Jose Rodriguez and Luis Moran. High-Voltage Multilevel Converter With Regeneration Capability. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4): 839-845
4. A Multilevel Voltage-Source Inverter with Separate DC Sources for Static Var Generation. IEEE Transaction on IA. 1996,32(5):1130-1137
5. Hans Ertl and Johann W. Kolar. Analysis of a Multilevel Multicell Switch-Mode Power Amplifier Employing the "Flying-Battery'Concept. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4):816-823
6. Abraham J.Visser and Johan H.R. Transformerless Series Sag Compensation With a Cascaded Multilevel Inverter. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(4):824-831
7. Jih-Sheng L. and Fang Z. P. Multilevel Converters—A New Breed of Power Converters. IEEE Transaction on IA, 1996,32(3): 509-517
8. Thierry A.Meynard and Henri Foch. Muticell Converters: Basic Concept and Industry Applications. IEEE Transaction on IE.2002,49(5):955-963
9. Yiqiao Liang, Multilevel Voltage Source Inverters with Phase-Shift SPWM and Their Applications in STATCOM and Power line conditioner. Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Drexel University Dec. 1999
10．王广柱，二极管箝位式多电平逆变器直流侧电容电压不平衡机理的研究，中国电机工程学报，2002，22(12)：111-117
11. C.K.Lee and S.Y. Ron Hui. A 31-level Cascade Inverter for Power Applications. IEEE Transaction on IE. 2002,49(3):613-617
12．张仲超，张劲东等，特大功率组合变流器的相移SPWM技术，电工技术学报，1997，12(2)：27
13．王长永，组合变流器相移SPWM技术及其在有源电力滤波器中的应用研究，浙江大学博士学位论文，1998．1
14. Liqiao Wang and Zhongchao Zhang. Cascade Multi-Level Converters with Sample-Time-Staggered Space Vector Modulation. IEEE Transactino on PE.2003:268-273
15．丁凯，皱云屏等．级联多电平逆变器研究．电力电子技术．2002，36(2)：59-60
16．吴洪洋，何湘宁．级联型多电平变换器PWM控制方法的仿真研究．中国电机工程学报．2001，21(8)：42-46
17．邢岩，逆变器并联运行系统的研究，南京航空航天大学博士学位论文，1999．12
18．陈东华，瞬时值控制逆变器技术研究，南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文，2003．2
19. Naser M.Abdel-Rahim and John E.Quaicoe. Analysis and Design of a Multilevel Feedback Loop Control Strategy for Single-Phase Voltage-Source UPS Inverters. IEEE Transaction on PE.1996,11(4):532-541
20. Michael J.Ryan and Robert D.Lorenz. A High Performance Sine Wave Inverter Controller with Capacitor Feedback and "Back-EMF"Decoupling. IEEE PESC'95 Conf. Rec., 1995,pp.507-513
21. Leon M.Tolbert and Fang Zheng Peng. Multilevel PWM Methods at Low Modulation Indices.IEEE Transaction on PE. 2000,15(4):719-725
22．刘凤君，正弦波逆变器，北京：科学出版社，2000，122-133
23. Hongying Wu and Dong Lin. A Current-Mode Control Technique with Instantaneous Inductor-Current Feedback for UPS Inverter. IEEE PESC'99:951-957
24．张志涌等，精通MATLAB5.3版，北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2000，330-378
25. Marian RKazmierkowski and Luigi Malesani. Current Control Techniques for Three-Phase Voltage-Source PWM Converters:A Survey. IEEE Transaction on IE. 1998,45(5):691-703
26．林渭勋．现代电力电子电路，杭州：浙江大学出版社，2002，203-220
27．郭卫农，陈坚．基于状态观测器的逆变器数字双环控制技术研究．中国电机工程学报．2002，22(9)：64-68
28．朱震莲 严仰光 周波，现代调速系统(直流部分)，南京航空航天大学，1996，119-131
29．胡寿松，自动控制原理，北京：国防工业出版社，1994，239-282
30．熊蕊，何定桥，逆变器带非线性负载时输出电压控制技术，华中理工大学学报，2000，28(1)：41-43