配电静止同步补偿器关键技术研究和装置的研制
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摘要
人类社会已进入信息时代,要求作为信息基础的电力供应具有高可靠性和高动态品质。用户电力技术是电力系统研究的新领域,是未来提高配电网电能质量的有效手段。配电静止同步补偿器(Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator, DSTATCOM)作为一种重要的并联型用户电力设备,在理论上能替代常规的电压和无功控制元件,具有功能强大、响应速度快等特点,是现阶段配电网无功补偿和电能质量控制的发展方向之一。论文立足于DSTATCOM实验平台的研制,对DSTATCOM用于负荷侧无功及负序电流补偿的控制策略、检测及控制方法等理论和关键技术进行了研究。
论文首先结合DSTATCOM的单相等效电路,阐述了DSTATCOM补偿无功功率的基本原理。在此基础上,为实现DSTATCOM对负荷侧无功及负序电流动态补偿的目标,论文提出了分序控制方法,即把对负荷侧无功的补偿和对负序电流的补偿分开进行控制,其中正序控制环用来实现对负荷侧无功的补偿,负序控制环用来实现对负荷侧负序电流的补偿。为实现分序控制的目标,需准确检测出补偿信号,论文采用正序dq坐标变换将正序基波无功电流转换为正序dq坐标系中的直流分量;采用负序dq坐标变换将基波负序分量转换成负序dq坐标系中的两个直流分量。
为验证分序控制方法的有效性,论文搭建起基于MATLAB6.5的DSTATCOM仿真模型进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明基于分序控制方法的DSTATCOM装置能较好的实现对负荷侧无功及负序电流的动态补偿。
在上述理论和技术的指导下,课题组成功开发了基于TMS320LF2407A型DSP控制器的±50kvar的DSTATCOM实验平台装置。论文对DSTATCOM实验平台的软、硬件设计进行了详细的介绍,并分析了其中一些重要参数、模块的设计原理。实验平台研制成功后,课题组在实验平台上进行了相关实验,实验结果表明上述理论和技术是可行的、有效的。
High power supply quality, which is characterized by higher reliability and higher dynamic quality, is demanded in the information age. Custom Power technology, which is a new area of research in power system, will be an effective way to improve the power quality of distribution network in the future. Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM), which can replace conventional voltage and reactive power control device and is more powerful and fast, is an important Custom Power device. Based on the development of the DSTATCOM experimental platform, control strategy, detection and control methods and key technology for reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation were studied.
With the single-phase equivalent circuit of DSTATCOM, the basic tenet of reactive power compensation was expounded first of all. In order to achieve the objectives of reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation, the dividing-sequence control method was proposed. In such method, the aim of reactive power compensation was achieved in positive sequence control loop, while the objective of negative sequence current compensation was achieved in negative sequence control loop. Compensation signals were obtained by positive sequence and negative sequence dq transformations.
To verify the validly of the proposed control method, the DSTATCOM simulation model based on MATLAB6.5 was built. Simulation results show that the DSTATCOM based on the proposed control method can achieve the objectives of reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation.
Based on the above theory and technology, a±50kvar DSTATCOM experimental platform based on DSP (TMS320LF2407A) controller was developed. Software and hardware design of the DSTATCOM was expatiated in the paper. Related experiments were implemented on the DSTATCOM experimental platform. The effective of the theories were verified by the experimental results.
论文首先结合DSTATCOM的单相等效电路,阐述了DSTATCOM补偿无功功率的基本原理。在此基础上,为实现DSTATCOM对负荷侧无功及负序电流动态补偿的目标,论文提出了分序控制方法,即把对负荷侧无功的补偿和对负序电流的补偿分开进行控制,其中正序控制环用来实现对负荷侧无功的补偿,负序控制环用来实现对负荷侧负序电流的补偿。为实现分序控制的目标,需准确检测出补偿信号,论文采用正序dq坐标变换将正序基波无功电流转换为正序dq坐标系中的直流分量;采用负序dq坐标变换将基波负序分量转换成负序dq坐标系中的两个直流分量。
为验证分序控制方法的有效性,论文搭建起基于MATLAB6.5的DSTATCOM仿真模型进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明基于分序控制方法的DSTATCOM装置能较好的实现对负荷侧无功及负序电流的动态补偿。
在上述理论和技术的指导下,课题组成功开发了基于TMS320LF2407A型DSP控制器的±50kvar的DSTATCOM实验平台装置。论文对DSTATCOM实验平台的软、硬件设计进行了详细的介绍,并分析了其中一些重要参数、模块的设计原理。实验平台研制成功后,课题组在实验平台上进行了相关实验,实验结果表明上述理论和技术是可行的、有效的。
High power supply quality, which is characterized by higher reliability and higher dynamic quality, is demanded in the information age. Custom Power technology, which is a new area of research in power system, will be an effective way to improve the power quality of distribution network in the future. Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM), which can replace conventional voltage and reactive power control device and is more powerful and fast, is an important Custom Power device. Based on the development of the DSTATCOM experimental platform, control strategy, detection and control methods and key technology for reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation were studied.
With the single-phase equivalent circuit of DSTATCOM, the basic tenet of reactive power compensation was expounded first of all. In order to achieve the objectives of reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation, the dividing-sequence control method was proposed. In such method, the aim of reactive power compensation was achieved in positive sequence control loop, while the objective of negative sequence current compensation was achieved in negative sequence control loop. Compensation signals were obtained by positive sequence and negative sequence dq transformations.
To verify the validly of the proposed control method, the DSTATCOM simulation model based on MATLAB6.5 was built. Simulation results show that the DSTATCOM based on the proposed control method can achieve the objectives of reactive power compensation and negative sequence current compensation.
Based on the above theory and technology, a±50kvar DSTATCOM experimental platform based on DSP (TMS320LF2407A) controller was developed. Software and hardware design of the DSTATCOM was expatiated in the paper. Related experiments were implemented on the DSTATCOM experimental platform. The effective of the theories were verified by the experimental results.
引文
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[2] 姜 齐 荣 , 沈 斐 , 韩 英 铎 . 现 代 电 能 质 量 控 制 技 术 . 电 力 电 子 技术,2004,38(6):2-7
[3] 朱 桂 萍 , 王 树 民 . 电 能 质 量 控 制 技 术 综 述 . 电 力 系 统 自 动化,2002,26(19):28-31
[4] 肖国春,刘进军,王兆安.电能质量及其控制技术的研究进展. 电力电子技术,2000,12(6):58-60
[5] 许树楷,宋强,刘文华,等.配电系统大功率交流电弧炉电能质量问题及方案治理研究. 中国电机工程学报,2007, 27(19):93-98
[6] N G Hingorani. High Power Electronics and Flexible AC Transmission System.IEEE Power Engineering Review,1988,18(7):3-4
[7] 何大愚.用户电力技术及柔性交流输电技术. 电网技术,1995, 19(12):59-63
[8] 黄 振 华 , 陈 建 业 . 可 控 串 补 ( TCSC ) 技 术 的 应 用 进 展 . 国 际 电力,2005,9(3):53-58
[9] 刘文华,姜齐荣,梁旭,等. ±20 M varSTATCOM 总体设计. 电力系统自动化,2000,10(23):14-18
[10] Cavaliere C A C, Watanabe E H, Aredes M. Multi-pulse STATCOM operation under unbalanced voltages. In: Proc of IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. New York, 2002,1(1):567-572
[11] M I Marei, E F EI-Saadany, M M A Salama. Dynamic performance of an enhanced STATCOM current control scheme for reactive power compensation. In: IEEE CCECE. 2003,1(1):359-362
[12] Tambey N,Kothari M L. Damping of power system oscillations with unified power flow controller.IEE Proceedings: Generation,Transmission and Distribution,2003,150(2):129-140
[13] Wang H F. Interactions and Multivariable Design of Multiple ControlFunctions of a Unified Power Flow Controller. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems,2002,24(7):591-600
[14] 江全元,邹振宇,曹一家.基于极大极小值原理的 UPFC 控制器设计. 电力系统自动化,2005,29(14):23-28
[15] Chiang S J, Chang J M. Parallel control of the UPS inverters with frequency-dependent droop scheme. IEEE-PESC.2001,1(1):957-961
[16] 段善旭,刘邦银,康勇,等.UPS 并联系统的 SPWM 再调制控制技术研究. 中国电机工程学报,2004,24(1):81-86
[17] E Conroy. Power Monitoring and Harmonic Problems in the Modern Building. IEEE Power Engineering,Journal,2001,15(2):101-107
[18] 陈国柱,吕征宇,钱照明.有源电力滤波器的一般原理及应用. 中国电机工程学报,2000,20(9):17-21
[19] N H Woodley,L Morgan,A Sundaram. Experience With an Inverter-Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 1999,14(3):1181-1186
[20] 韩民晓,尤勇,刘昊.线电压补偿型动态电压调节器(DVR)的原理与实现. 中国电机工程学报,2003,23(12):49-53
[21] E Twining, M J Newman, P C Loh, et al. Voltage compensation in weak distribution networks using D-STATCOM. In: The fifth international conference on Power electronics and drive systems. 2003,1(1):178-183
[22] 袁佳歆,陈柏超,万黎,等.一种低压系统无功补偿器的研究.电力自动化设备,2004,24(3):69-71
[23] 张建成,黄立培,吴速.电压源型电能质量控制技术研究.电力系统自动化,2004,28(4):45-48
[24] 王兆安,杨君,刘进军,等. 谐波抑制和无功功率补偿. 北京:机械工业出版社,2006,22-23
[25] 何仰赞,温增银. 电力系统分析(下册). 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002,77-88
[26] 余雄,梁道辉.南昆电铁负序电流对广西电力系统的污染. 广西电力技术,2000,2(3):39-41
[27] 孟丽萍.电气化铁路负序影响及对策. 应用能源技术,2007,3(8):38-40
[28] 刘 鸿 斌 . 负 序 电 流 对 发 电 机 的 危 害 及 预 防 措 施 . 东 北 电 力 技术,1999,5(7):49-50
[29] 林瑞光. 电机与拖动基础. 杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002,209-212
[30] 刘从爱,徐中立. 电力工程. 北京:机械工业出版社,1992,12-21
[31] 罗安. 电网谐波治理和无功功率补偿技术及装备. 北京:中国电力出版社,2006,168-176
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