基于紫外光信号的发电厂高压电气设备放电检测方法研究
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摘要
发电厂高压电气设备在长期的电场、热场、机械应力、化学腐蚀以及外部环境等的因素的作用下,其绝缘性能会逐步劣化下降,在一定的条件下可形成放电现象,放电伴随有紫外光信号的辐射,探测该信号可实现放电的非接触检测,对及时发现绝缘缺陷和预防事故发生具有重要的理论意义和工程价值。本文采用了紫外脉冲法和紫外成像法对发电厂高压电气设备表面的放电进行了相关试验和理论研究,论文主要工作和取得的成果如下：
分析了高压设备表面放电的光辐射机理,根据放电的光谱分布和地面太阳光谱分布特点,论文选择了日盲型光电倍增管构建了一套紫外脉冲检测系统,开发了相应的硬件和软件,并对其性能进行了测试,测试表明该系统具有良好的线性度和探测灵敏度。
分析了日盲型紫外成像仪工作原理和结构,根据紫外成像的图像特点,论文提出了采用视频分析和数字图像处理算法提取了光斑面积和光斑直径参数,并以此用于紫外成像图像的量化分析。研究了棒-板间隙和发电厂升压站电晕放电时的光子数和光斑面积与观测距离、增益之间的变化特性,获得了相关曲线,从紫外成像的原理进行了理论上的解释。
研究了电脉冲信号与光脉冲信号之间的关系,研究表明其两者之间近似为线性关系,但在电弧放电阶段,在相同的电脉冲幅值的情况下其光脉冲信号的幅值小于电晕和火花放电。研究了光斑面积与电脉冲信号的幅值之间的关系,获得了不同放电强度、不同增益下的光斑面积随着距离的变化规律曲线,根据可见光通道图像随观测距离的增加而下降的特性,论文提出了根据可见光通道的信息来估计观测距离的方法,并推导得到了相应的计算公式,在此基础上论文提出了基于ANFIS算法实现了对电脉冲信号强度的估计
论文研究了发电厂绝缘状态良好和老化的高压电机设备定子绕组在耐压试验中的紫外图像和紫外脉冲信号特点,研究了低值绝缘子引起的放电光信号特征,研究了绝缘子的均压环、伞裙和护套在干燥和湿润情况下的放电光信号特征,研究了污秽瓷支柱绝缘子放电的紫外光信号特点,研究表明在一定的条件下利用紫外光信号可有效发现设备的绝缘缺陷。
Under the long-term effection of electric field, thermal field, mechanical stress, chemical corrosion and environmental conditions and other factors, the insulation performance of power plant high-voltage electrical equipment would gradually decline, which can form discharge phenomenon in certain conditions. Discharge will radiat utraviolet light signal, to detect the signal may realize the discharge of non-contact detection, so it has important theoretical significance and value of the works to detect insulation defects and to prevent accident in time in power system. In this paper, by experimental and theoretical studies of voltage electrical equipments surface discharge was studied in power plant, and the main work and achievement are as the followings:
The mechanism of high-voltage equipment discharge optical radiation was analysed, A UV impulse detection system was established according to the characteristics of spectral distribution of discharge and the solar spectral distribution, corresponding hardware and software system was developped and the performance was tested as well. Testing results showed that the system has a good linearity and detection sensitivity
In this pape, the work principle and structure of solar blind UV camera was analysed, according to the imaging chareacteristic, a video analysis and digital image processing algorithm was induced to extract the facular area and diameter parameters, and they were used to uantitatify the UV imaging deteciotn result. The characteristics of the photon number and facular area changes with observation distance and gain for the rod-plate gap and power plants insulator hardware discharge were analysed. The related curve was obtained, which was explained by the principle of UV imageing.
The relationship between the light impulse signal and electrical impulse signal is researched, which showed there was approximate linear relationship between them. However, in the period of arc discharge stage when impulses amplitude is the same, the light pulse signal amplitude is less than corona and spark discharge. The relationship of the facular area and electrical impulse signal is researched. The changing characteristics of different discharge intensity and different gain with distance was analysed. In this paper, the method to estimate the observation distance with the visible channel image information is presented, and corresponding formula was also put forward. then the electrical impulse signal intensity estimation method was preseted based on ANFIS algorithm.
Research insulation in good condition and the aging high-voltage electrical equipment stator winding in the withstand voltage test of the UV images and UV pulse signal characteristics, discharge characteristics, caused by the low insulator fittings and sheds of the insulator in the dry and wet circumstances.discharge optical signal characteristics, to study the UV signal characteristics of the discharge of dirty porcelain post insulators, studies show that under certain conditions, the UV signal can be effectively found that the insulation defects.
The UV impulse and UV imaging characteristics of the stator winding under the withstanding high voltage testing experiment was researched, while the insulation was in good and the aging conditions. Discharge UV characteristics caused by the low value insulator, end fittings and sheds of the insulator in the dry and wet circumstances were also researched. UV signal characteristics of polluted porcelain post insulators discharge were studied. Research results show that under certain conditions, to detect UV signal charicter is an effective method to find high voltage equipment defects.
分析了高压设备表面放电的光辐射机理,根据放电的光谱分布和地面太阳光谱分布特点,论文选择了日盲型光电倍增管构建了一套紫外脉冲检测系统,开发了相应的硬件和软件,并对其性能进行了测试,测试表明该系统具有良好的线性度和探测灵敏度。
分析了日盲型紫外成像仪工作原理和结构,根据紫外成像的图像特点,论文提出了采用视频分析和数字图像处理算法提取了光斑面积和光斑直径参数,并以此用于紫外成像图像的量化分析。研究了棒-板间隙和发电厂升压站电晕放电时的光子数和光斑面积与观测距离、增益之间的变化特性,获得了相关曲线,从紫外成像的原理进行了理论上的解释。
研究了电脉冲信号与光脉冲信号之间的关系,研究表明其两者之间近似为线性关系,但在电弧放电阶段,在相同的电脉冲幅值的情况下其光脉冲信号的幅值小于电晕和火花放电。研究了光斑面积与电脉冲信号的幅值之间的关系,获得了不同放电强度、不同增益下的光斑面积随着距离的变化规律曲线,根据可见光通道图像随观测距离的增加而下降的特性,论文提出了根据可见光通道的信息来估计观测距离的方法,并推导得到了相应的计算公式,在此基础上论文提出了基于ANFIS算法实现了对电脉冲信号强度的估计
论文研究了发电厂绝缘状态良好和老化的高压电机设备定子绕组在耐压试验中的紫外图像和紫外脉冲信号特点,研究了低值绝缘子引起的放电光信号特征,研究了绝缘子的均压环、伞裙和护套在干燥和湿润情况下的放电光信号特征,研究了污秽瓷支柱绝缘子放电的紫外光信号特点,研究表明在一定的条件下利用紫外光信号可有效发现设备的绝缘缺陷。
Under the long-term effection of electric field, thermal field, mechanical stress, chemical corrosion and environmental conditions and other factors, the insulation performance of power plant high-voltage electrical equipment would gradually decline, which can form discharge phenomenon in certain conditions. Discharge will radiat utraviolet light signal, to detect the signal may realize the discharge of non-contact detection, so it has important theoretical significance and value of the works to detect insulation defects and to prevent accident in time in power system. In this paper, by experimental and theoretical studies of voltage electrical equipments surface discharge was studied in power plant, and the main work and achievement are as the followings:
The mechanism of high-voltage equipment discharge optical radiation was analysed, A UV impulse detection system was established according to the characteristics of spectral distribution of discharge and the solar spectral distribution, corresponding hardware and software system was developped and the performance was tested as well. Testing results showed that the system has a good linearity and detection sensitivity
In this pape, the work principle and structure of solar blind UV camera was analysed, according to the imaging chareacteristic, a video analysis and digital image processing algorithm was induced to extract the facular area and diameter parameters, and they were used to uantitatify the UV imaging deteciotn result. The characteristics of the photon number and facular area changes with observation distance and gain for the rod-plate gap and power plants insulator hardware discharge were analysed. The related curve was obtained, which was explained by the principle of UV imageing.
The relationship between the light impulse signal and electrical impulse signal is researched, which showed there was approximate linear relationship between them. However, in the period of arc discharge stage when impulses amplitude is the same, the light pulse signal amplitude is less than corona and spark discharge. The relationship of the facular area and electrical impulse signal is researched. The changing characteristics of different discharge intensity and different gain with distance was analysed. In this paper, the method to estimate the observation distance with the visible channel image information is presented, and corresponding formula was also put forward. then the electrical impulse signal intensity estimation method was preseted based on ANFIS algorithm.
Research insulation in good condition and the aging high-voltage electrical equipment stator winding in the withstand voltage test of the UV images and UV pulse signal characteristics, discharge characteristics, caused by the low insulator fittings and sheds of the insulator in the dry and wet circumstances.discharge optical signal characteristics, to study the UV signal characteristics of the discharge of dirty porcelain post insulators, studies show that under certain conditions, the UV signal can be effectively found that the insulation defects.
The UV impulse and UV imaging characteristics of the stator winding under the withstanding high voltage testing experiment was researched, while the insulation was in good and the aging conditions. Discharge UV characteristics caused by the low value insulator, end fittings and sheds of the insulator in the dry and wet circumstances were also researched. UV signal characteristics of polluted porcelain post insulators discharge were studied. Research results show that under certain conditions, to detect UV signal charicter is an effective method to find high voltage equipment defects.
引文
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