基于NetLinx~（TM）开放式网络架构实验平台的研究与设计
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摘要
NetLinxTM开放式网络架构是罗克韦尔自动化采用开放的联网技术、实现从车间层到顶层无缝集成的解决方案。NetLinx架构的三层网络--Ethernet/IP、ControlNet和DeviceNet采用统一的通用工业协议(Common Industrial Protocol, CIPTM),提供相同的完整网络通信功能,能够让用户在任何NetLinx架构网络上方便地实时控制、系统组态和数据采集。目前,工业控制系统正在向集成化、网络化、开放性发展,因此研究基于网络环境的控制系统具有重要的现实意义。
论文首先对NetLinxTM开放式网络架构进行了深入分析,在此基础上结合电梯模型和过程控制实验装置设计了基于三层网络的电梯群控和过程控制实验平台。基于Ethernet/IP和ControlNet的电梯群控实验平台由ControlLogix控制器、FLEX I/O、160SSC变频器和四台电梯模型组成,能够实现电梯群调度算法的研究；基于Ethernet/IP和DeviceNet的过程控制实验平台由CompactLogix控制器、FLEX I/O、Power FLEX40变频器和过程控制实验装置组成,能够采集温度、压力、液位和流量等参数,并对其实施控制。
论文基于电梯群控实验平台重点研究了电梯群最小等待时间调度算法,应用罗克韦尔软件RSLogix5000和RSView32进行了电梯群最小等待时间调度算法的实现和监控；并对多目标电梯群的智能控制进行了研究,分析了电梯群控系统的多目标性,建立了评.价函数,研究了基于模糊控制的交通模式识别和各特征值加权系数的确定,并对算法进行了仿真分析,验证了算法的有效性。
The opening network architecture of NetLinxTM, which is proposed by Rockwell Automation, is a solution of seamless integrated from the workshop level to the top layer using networking technology. The three-tier networks of NetLinx--Ethernet/IP、ControlNet and Device Net apply unified industry agreement(Common Industrial Protocol, CIPTM), and support the same complete network service function. The network also makes users controlling real-time system, configuring the system and acquiring the data more convenient Nowadays, the development of industrial control system is moving to integration, network, open-style system, so it is very important in researching and designing of web-based platform.
First, the opening network architecture of NetLinxTM is thoroughly analyzed in this paper, based on this, combine with the elevator models and the process control experimental device, the elevators group control system and process control experimental platform are designed based the three-tier networks. The Ethernet/IP and the ControlNet based of the elevators group control experimental platform, which is composed of ControlLogix、FLEX I/O、160SSC Transducer and four of elevator models, can provide the study environment for elevators group control system of attemper arithmetic; The Ethernet/IP and the DeviceNet based of the process control experimental platform, which is composed of CompactLogix、FLEX I/O、Power FLEX40 Transducer and the process control experimental device, can be collected temperature、pressure、liquid level、flow and other parameters from it, and implemented control to them.
The smallest waiting time algorithm of the elevators group control system is studied with emphasis in the paper, the control and monitor of this algorithm are achieved by using Rockwell RSLogix5000 and RSView32 softwares; Meanwhile, the intelligent control of the multi-objective elevator group is studied, the multi-objectives of the elevator group control system is analyze, the evaluation function is establish, the recognition of traffic pattern and identification of the weighted value of the characteristic coefficient based on the fuzzy control theories is study, and carry on the simulation and analysis of the algorithm in the paper, which verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
论文首先对NetLinxTM开放式网络架构进行了深入分析,在此基础上结合电梯模型和过程控制实验装置设计了基于三层网络的电梯群控和过程控制实验平台。基于Ethernet/IP和ControlNet的电梯群控实验平台由ControlLogix控制器、FLEX I/O、160SSC变频器和四台电梯模型组成,能够实现电梯群调度算法的研究；基于Ethernet/IP和DeviceNet的过程控制实验平台由CompactLogix控制器、FLEX I/O、Power FLEX40变频器和过程控制实验装置组成,能够采集温度、压力、液位和流量等参数,并对其实施控制。
论文基于电梯群控实验平台重点研究了电梯群最小等待时间调度算法,应用罗克韦尔软件RSLogix5000和RSView32进行了电梯群最小等待时间调度算法的实现和监控；并对多目标电梯群的智能控制进行了研究,分析了电梯群控系统的多目标性,建立了评.价函数,研究了基于模糊控制的交通模式识别和各特征值加权系数的确定,并对算法进行了仿真分析,验证了算法的有效性。
The opening network architecture of NetLinxTM, which is proposed by Rockwell Automation, is a solution of seamless integrated from the workshop level to the top layer using networking technology. The three-tier networks of NetLinx--Ethernet/IP、ControlNet and Device Net apply unified industry agreement(Common Industrial Protocol, CIPTM), and support the same complete network service function. The network also makes users controlling real-time system, configuring the system and acquiring the data more convenient Nowadays, the development of industrial control system is moving to integration, network, open-style system, so it is very important in researching and designing of web-based platform.
First, the opening network architecture of NetLinxTM is thoroughly analyzed in this paper, based on this, combine with the elevator models and the process control experimental device, the elevators group control system and process control experimental platform are designed based the three-tier networks. The Ethernet/IP and the ControlNet based of the elevators group control experimental platform, which is composed of ControlLogix、FLEX I/O、160SSC Transducer and four of elevator models, can provide the study environment for elevators group control system of attemper arithmetic; The Ethernet/IP and the DeviceNet based of the process control experimental platform, which is composed of CompactLogix、FLEX I/O、Power FLEX40 Transducer and the process control experimental device, can be collected temperature、pressure、liquid level、flow and other parameters from it, and implemented control to them.
The smallest waiting time algorithm of the elevators group control system is studied with emphasis in the paper, the control and monitor of this algorithm are achieved by using Rockwell RSLogix5000 and RSView32 softwares; Meanwhile, the intelligent control of the multi-objective elevator group is studied, the multi-objectives of the elevator group control system is analyze, the evaluation function is establish, the recognition of traffic pattern and identification of the weighted value of the characteristic coefficient based on the fuzzy control theories is study, and carry on the simulation and analysis of the algorithm in the paper, which verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.
引文
1.甘永梅,李庆丰,刘晓娟等.现场总线技术及其应用[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2004,6-8
2.王劲松,孟海斌.简述PLC DCS FCS三大控制系统[J],控制工程,2006,13(1)：153-156.
3. Yang S M, Lee C H. A Deadbeat Current Controller for Field Oriented Induction Motor Drivers[J], IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(5):770-778.
4.王岩,张福恩.现场总线技术的现状与发展[J],电子器件,2001,24(1)：79-84.
5.冯立,刘思齐,钱晓龙.基于NetLinx架构的企业控制信息集成[J],仪器仪表学报,2007,20(8)：8-10.
6. Motta R. NetLinx open network architecture[J], Industrial Electronics,2002,1(1): 170-174.
7. CIP Common Specification. Release 1.0.2001 by ControlNet International and Open Device Net Vendor association[S].
8. Victor Schiffer. The CIP Family of Fieldus Protocols and Its Newest Member-Ethernet/IP [J]. IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2001, 1(3):377-384
9.颉新春,李文涛,王凤英.基于令牌总线和工业以太网的控制系统[J],自动化仪表,2008,29(1)：40-42.
10.冯冬芹.工业以太网及其应用技术讲座[J],自动化仪表,2004,24(11)：68-70.
11.阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M],北京：清华大学出版社,1999,275-283.
12. Brooks,Paul. Ethernet/IP-Industrial Protocol[J], IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2001,1:505-514.
13. Feng-Li Lian, Moyne.J.R, Tibury.D.M. Performance Evaluation of Control Networks: Ethernet,ControlNet and DeviceNet[J]. Control Systems Magazine,2001,21(1):66-83
14.姜尚坤,李雪松,陈坚.Producer/Consumer通信模式在ControlNet上的实现[J],微电脑应用,2007,23(3)：32-34.
15.马丽萍,王延年.ControlNet现场总线技术[J],可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2007,12(7)：82-84.
16. SUN Fanjin, LIU Yancheng, ZHANG Hongguang. The Study of Time Delay and Performances Evaluation Architecture for Control Network[C],第七届国际测试技术研讨会论文集,2007,5935-5938.
17.Tong Weiming, Cheng Xiangyang, Li Fengge. DeviceNet Technology. Microprocessor, 2002,2(1):1-37.
18.周四新.现场总线控制系统[J],金属材料与冶金工程,2007,35(3)：45-48.
19. Rockwell Automation,ControlLogix系统概述
20.浙江大学罗克韦尔自动化技术中心,可编程控制器系统[M],浙江：浙江大学出版社,1999,32-51.
21. Remote I/O Adapter Module User Manual[J],1756-UM001A-US-P
22.李慧升.电梯控制技术[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2003：120-143.
23.刘霞.PLC在电梯控制系统中的应用[J],PLC应用,2008,27(4)：49-51.
24.唐春成,李颖.基于以太网的过程控制系统研究[J],仪表技术,2007,7(8)：10-12.
25.沈逸.基于ControlLogix平台的串级控制系统的设计和实现[D],上海：上海交通大学,2007.
26. Sulzer E, Bertsch M. Design and Engineering of a Modern Process Control System[J], Cement Industy Technical Conference 1997 IEEE/PCA,1997,413-418.
27.张汉杰等.现代电梯控制技术[M],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996：160-178
28.马飞.变频器的主要功能及选择[J],机电信息,2008,8(11)：41-43.
29.赵亚伟,徐宝全,张勰.基于现场总线的电梯群控模型及其算法[J],控制工程,2004,11(2)：114-117.
30. Tomas Beielstein, Sandor Markon, Mike Preuss. A Parallel Approach to Elevator Optimization Based on Soft Computing[J], The Fifth Metaheuristics International Conference,2003
31.钱晓龙,轩华,刘建昌.结合顺向截梯的群控最小等待时间算法[J],控制与决策,2002,17(2)：233-235.
32. Rockwell Automation, RSLogix 5000 User Mamual
33. Allen-Bradly Company, Logix5550控制器指令集参考手册2000
34.李增昌.群控电梯智能控制策略研究[D],天津：天津大学,2004
35. Zong Q, Xue LH, Yue YJ. A Multi-Objective Dispatching Method in Elevator Group Control System[J], Elevator World,2000,6(12):164-168.
36.Zhenshan Yang, Cheng Shao, Guizhi li. Multi-Objective Optimization for EGCS Using Improved PSO Algorithm[C], American Control Confernece,2007,5059-5063.
37.李士勇,模糊控制、神经控制和智能控制理论[M],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996,10-28.
38.张昆,段其昌.基于模糊控制的多目标电梯群控技术[J],仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4)：247-249.
39. Chang Ling, Bum Kim. Design and Implementation of a Fuzzy Elevator Group Control System[J], IEEE Trans On System Man and Cybernetics,1998,28(3):277-286.
40. Pepyne David L, Cassandras Christos G. Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Dispatching Controller for Elevator Systems during Upper Traffic[J], IEEE Trans.on Control Systems Technology,1998,6(5):635-650.
41.宗群,尚小光,岳有军等.电梯群控系统的交通模式识别[J],控制与决策,2001,16(2)：30-33.
42.王松青.基于模糊控制技术的电梯群控最优调度策略研究[D],重庆：重庆大学,2005
43. Siikonen M L, Korhonen T. Defining the Traffic Mode of an Elevator based on Traffic Statistical Data and Traffic Type Definitions[J], KONE Elevator,1993,7(5):229-259
44.闫冬梅,顾德英.电梯群控模糊算法仿真[C],2004中国控制与决策学术年会论文集,2004,407-409.
45.张苗苗,张学军,谢剑英.基于模糊推理的电梯群控系统的研究与仿真实现[J],测控技术,2000,19(3)：56-59.
46.郑延军,张惠侨,叶庆泰,朱昌明.电梯群控系统客流分析与仿真[J],计算机工程与应用,2001,3(22)：：139-141.
47.薛定宇.控制系统计算机辅助设计[M],北京：清华大学出版社,1996
2.王劲松,孟海斌.简述PLC DCS FCS三大控制系统[J],控制工程,2006,13(1)：153-156.
3. Yang S M, Lee C H. A Deadbeat Current Controller for Field Oriented Induction Motor Drivers[J], IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2002,17(5):770-778.
4.王岩,张福恩.现场总线技术的现状与发展[J],电子器件,2001,24(1)：79-84.
5.冯立,刘思齐,钱晓龙.基于NetLinx架构的企业控制信息集成[J],仪器仪表学报,2007,20(8)：8-10.
6. Motta R. NetLinx open network architecture[J], Industrial Electronics,2002,1(1): 170-174.
7. CIP Common Specification. Release 1.0.2001 by ControlNet International and Open Device Net Vendor association[S].
8. Victor Schiffer. The CIP Family of Fieldus Protocols and Its Newest Member-Ethernet/IP [J]. IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2001, 1(3):377-384
9.颉新春,李文涛,王凤英.基于令牌总线和工业以太网的控制系统[J],自动化仪表,2008,29(1)：40-42.
10.冯冬芹.工业以太网及其应用技术讲座[J],自动化仪表,2004,24(11)：68-70.
11.阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M],北京：清华大学出版社,1999,275-283.
12. Brooks,Paul. Ethernet/IP-Industrial Protocol[J], IEEE Symposium on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2001,1:505-514.
13. Feng-Li Lian, Moyne.J.R, Tibury.D.M. Performance Evaluation of Control Networks: Ethernet,ControlNet and DeviceNet[J]. Control Systems Magazine,2001,21(1):66-83
14.姜尚坤,李雪松,陈坚.Producer/Consumer通信模式在ControlNet上的实现[J],微电脑应用,2007,23(3)：32-34.
15.马丽萍,王延年.ControlNet现场总线技术[J],可编程控制器与工厂自动化,2007,12(7)：82-84.
16. SUN Fanjin, LIU Yancheng, ZHANG Hongguang. The Study of Time Delay and Performances Evaluation Architecture for Control Network[C],第七届国际测试技术研讨会论文集,2007,5935-5938.
17.Tong Weiming, Cheng Xiangyang, Li Fengge. DeviceNet Technology. Microprocessor, 2002,2(1):1-37.
18.周四新.现场总线控制系统[J],金属材料与冶金工程,2007,35(3)：45-48.
19. Rockwell Automation,ControlLogix系统概述
20.浙江大学罗克韦尔自动化技术中心,可编程控制器系统[M],浙江：浙江大学出版社,1999,32-51.
21. Remote I/O Adapter Module User Manual[J],1756-UM001A-US-P
22.李慧升.电梯控制技术[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2003：120-143.
23.刘霞.PLC在电梯控制系统中的应用[J],PLC应用,2008,27(4)：49-51.
24.唐春成,李颖.基于以太网的过程控制系统研究[J],仪表技术,2007,7(8)：10-12.
25.沈逸.基于ControlLogix平台的串级控制系统的设计和实现[D],上海：上海交通大学,2007.
26. Sulzer E, Bertsch M. Design and Engineering of a Modern Process Control System[J], Cement Industy Technical Conference 1997 IEEE/PCA,1997,413-418.
27.张汉杰等.现代电梯控制技术[M],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996：160-178
28.马飞.变频器的主要功能及选择[J],机电信息,2008,8(11)：41-43.
29.赵亚伟,徐宝全,张勰.基于现场总线的电梯群控模型及其算法[J],控制工程,2004,11(2)：114-117.
30. Tomas Beielstein, Sandor Markon, Mike Preuss. A Parallel Approach to Elevator Optimization Based on Soft Computing[J], The Fifth Metaheuristics International Conference,2003
31.钱晓龙,轩华,刘建昌.结合顺向截梯的群控最小等待时间算法[J],控制与决策,2002,17(2)：233-235.
32. Rockwell Automation, RSLogix 5000 User Mamual
33. Allen-Bradly Company, Logix5550控制器指令集参考手册2000
34.李增昌.群控电梯智能控制策略研究[D],天津：天津大学,2004
35. Zong Q, Xue LH, Yue YJ. A Multi-Objective Dispatching Method in Elevator Group Control System[J], Elevator World,2000,6(12):164-168.
36.Zhenshan Yang, Cheng Shao, Guizhi li. Multi-Objective Optimization for EGCS Using Improved PSO Algorithm[C], American Control Confernece,2007,5059-5063.
37.李士勇,模糊控制、神经控制和智能控制理论[M],哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996,10-28.
38.张昆,段其昌.基于模糊控制的多目标电梯群控技术[J],仪器仪表学报,2004,25(4)：247-249.
39. Chang Ling, Bum Kim. Design and Implementation of a Fuzzy Elevator Group Control System[J], IEEE Trans On System Man and Cybernetics,1998,28(3):277-286.
40. Pepyne David L, Cassandras Christos G. Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Dispatching Controller for Elevator Systems during Upper Traffic[J], IEEE Trans.on Control Systems Technology,1998,6(5):635-650.
41.宗群,尚小光,岳有军等.电梯群控系统的交通模式识别[J],控制与决策,2001,16(2)：30-33.
42.王松青.基于模糊控制技术的电梯群控最优调度策略研究[D],重庆：重庆大学,2005
43. Siikonen M L, Korhonen T. Defining the Traffic Mode of an Elevator based on Traffic Statistical Data and Traffic Type Definitions[J], KONE Elevator,1993,7(5):229-259
44.闫冬梅,顾德英.电梯群控模糊算法仿真[C],2004中国控制与决策学术年会论文集,2004,407-409.
45.张苗苗,张学军,谢剑英.基于模糊推理的电梯群控系统的研究与仿真实现[J],测控技术,2000,19(3)：56-59.
46.郑延军,张惠侨,叶庆泰,朱昌明.电梯群控系统客流分析与仿真[J],计算机工程与应用,2001,3(22)：：139-141.
47.薛定宇.控制系统计算机辅助设计[M],北京：清华大学出版社,1996