基于工业控制网络的烘丝机智能控制系统研究与设计
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摘要
烘丝机是卷烟厂制丝线上关键设备之一,其控制系统在制丝线上具有代表性,对其进行研究具有现实意义。
本文针对薄板烘丝机传统PID控制方法在控制性能上不能解决快速性与准确性的矛盾,且不能适应控制系统中参数变化的不足,设计了融合模糊控制、仿人工智能控制、Smith控制和前馈-反馈控制的新型智能控制策略应用于烘丝机系统。通过证明烘丝机在额定工作状态附近运行时可近似为线性系统,从而引入了前馈控制;通过烘丝过程数学模型的建立以确定烘丝机传递函数,根据此模型分析了PID控制方式在烘丝机控制系统中的不足之处,并使用Matlab仿真对智能控制策略与PID控制在稳定性、控制性能等方面进行了比较。仿真显示,该智能控制系统对被控对象参数变化适应能力强,控制效果好,并有较高的稳态精度等优点。
此外,本文还对料头、料尾控制进行阐述,并提出了以大林控制算法为核心的料头控制,为在料头控制中寻找最佳温升曲线进行了有益探索。
最后,本文对烘丝机控制系统、通信系统的实现进行了详细讨论,并用Siemens的Step7中的STL语言编写控制系统中多个可直接应用到实际控制系统的核心子模块。
论文的研究内容不仅具有一定理论价值,并且由于联系实际,也具有非常实际的工程应用价值。
Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate is one of the key equipments in the primary processing line of cigarette factory, and its control system is representative, so it is of practical significance to research.
In view of deficiencies of traditional PID control means of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate in solving the contradiction between speediness and veracity, and in adapting to the change of parameters in control system, the author brings forward a new intelligent control strategy applied to control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate, which merges fuzzy controller, human-simulated intelligent controller, Smith control and feedforward-feedback controller. In this article, as it is proved that cut-tobacco drying system around rated process can be approximately considered as linear system, thus feedforward control is applied; and math model of drying process is set up to confirm the transfer function of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate, then based on the math model, deficiencies of PID control means in control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate are analyzed, and a contrast between intelligent control strategy and PID control means is made by Matlab in the aspect of the stability ,the control performance etc.. Consequently, Matlab simulation shows that this intelligent control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate has many advantages: a strong ability of adapting to change of parameters of controlled object, good control effect, higher steady-state precision, etc.
Furthermore, Liaotou and Liaowei controller is expatiated in this article, and the Liaotou Control with Dahlin control arithmetic as its core is set forth for a meaningful exploration of searching optimal Temperature Rise curve.
Finally, realization of control system and communication system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate is discussed in detail, and some core blockettes, which can be applied to actual control system, is programmed using STL in Step 7 of Siemens.
The research in this article is not only of some theoretical significance, but also of practical value in actual engineering application in that it is closely related to reality.
本文针对薄板烘丝机传统PID控制方法在控制性能上不能解决快速性与准确性的矛盾,且不能适应控制系统中参数变化的不足,设计了融合模糊控制、仿人工智能控制、Smith控制和前馈-反馈控制的新型智能控制策略应用于烘丝机系统。通过证明烘丝机在额定工作状态附近运行时可近似为线性系统,从而引入了前馈控制;通过烘丝过程数学模型的建立以确定烘丝机传递函数,根据此模型分析了PID控制方式在烘丝机控制系统中的不足之处,并使用Matlab仿真对智能控制策略与PID控制在稳定性、控制性能等方面进行了比较。仿真显示,该智能控制系统对被控对象参数变化适应能力强,控制效果好,并有较高的稳态精度等优点。
此外,本文还对料头、料尾控制进行阐述,并提出了以大林控制算法为核心的料头控制,为在料头控制中寻找最佳温升曲线进行了有益探索。
最后,本文对烘丝机控制系统、通信系统的实现进行了详细讨论,并用Siemens的Step7中的STL语言编写控制系统中多个可直接应用到实际控制系统的核心子模块。
论文的研究内容不仅具有一定理论价值,并且由于联系实际,也具有非常实际的工程应用价值。
Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate is one of the key equipments in the primary processing line of cigarette factory, and its control system is representative, so it is of practical significance to research.
In view of deficiencies of traditional PID control means of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate in solving the contradiction between speediness and veracity, and in adapting to the change of parameters in control system, the author brings forward a new intelligent control strategy applied to control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate, which merges fuzzy controller, human-simulated intelligent controller, Smith control and feedforward-feedback controller. In this article, as it is proved that cut-tobacco drying system around rated process can be approximately considered as linear system, thus feedforward control is applied; and math model of drying process is set up to confirm the transfer function of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate, then based on the math model, deficiencies of PID control means in control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate are analyzed, and a contrast between intelligent control strategy and PID control means is made by Matlab in the aspect of the stability ,the control performance etc.. Consequently, Matlab simulation shows that this intelligent control system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate has many advantages: a strong ability of adapting to change of parameters of controlled object, good control effect, higher steady-state precision, etc.
Furthermore, Liaotou and Liaowei controller is expatiated in this article, and the Liaotou Control with Dahlin control arithmetic as its core is set forth for a meaningful exploration of searching optimal Temperature Rise curve.
Finally, realization of control system and communication system of Cut-tobacco Drying Cylinder with Plate is discussed in detail, and some core blockettes, which can be applied to actual control system, is programmed using STL in Step 7 of Siemens.
The research in this article is not only of some theoretical significance, but also of practical value in actual engineering application in that it is closely related to reality.
引文
【1】沈维道,蒋智敏,童钧耕等,工程热力学[M],高等教育出版社,2001
[2]范宏昌编著,热学[M],科学出版社,2003
[3]王永青等编著,工程热力学[M]。中国电力出版社,2000
[4]云南烟草教育培训中心、昆明卷烟厂、云南烟草职业技能鉴定站编著.Hauni制丝设备培训教材[M],2004,内部资料
[5]红河卷烟厂,制丝线工艺培训材料,内部资料,2005
[6]国家烟草专卖局,卷烟工艺规范[M],中央文献出版社,2003
[7]任宏程,张勇,向凤红,《智能控制在烘丝机控制系统中的应用》[J],《烟草科技》,2007,12
[8]金以慧,过程控制,1991,清华大学出版社
[9]Dale E.Seborg,Thomas F.Edgar,Duncan A.Mellichamp著,王金春,王凌,金以慧等译.过程的动态特性与控制[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[10]R.F.Giles,T.M.Bartley,Gain-Adaptive dead Time Compensation,ISA,Trans.Bo.1,1977
[11]Hang,C.C.et.Al,A Perfomance Study of Control System With Dead Time,IEEE.IECI.Vol.27 pp234~241,1980
[12]刘金琨.先进PID控制与MATLAB仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[13]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[14]Malki H A,Li H D,CHEN G.New design and stability analysis of fuzzy proportional-derivative control systems[J].IEEE Trans.Fuzzy Systems,1994,1(2):245-254
[15 MISIR D,M ALKIH A,C HEN G Design and analysis of fuzzy proportional-derivative control systems[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1996,1(79):29 7314
[16]Wang L X.Adaptive Fuzzy Systems and Control,Design and Stability Analysis[M].New Jersey:PTR Prentice-Hall,1994
[17]顾树生,平力。模糊控制系统稳定性分析及控制器设计[J],控制与决策,1991,6(3):178-183
[18]赵延东,于锡纯。模糊PID控制器的稳定性分析[J],控制与决策,2002,17(5): 631-634
[19]应浩。关于模糊控制理论与应用的若干问题[J],自动化学报,2001(7):591-593
[20]李士勇.模糊控制,神经控制和智能控制论[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.
[21]韩峻峰,李玉惠等。模糊控制技术[M]。重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003。
[22]涂承宇,涂承嫒,杨晓菜,贺佳。模糊控制理论与实践[M]。北京:地震出版社,1998。
[23]X-J,Singh M G.Approximation theory of fuzzy systems - SISO case[J].IEEE Trans.Fuzzy Systems,1994,2(2):162-176
[24]何平等。模糊控制器的设计与应用。北京:科学出版社,1997,1
[25]陈理君等。微机模糊控制。武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1999
[26]李平等。模糊控制中的积分作用。模糊系统与数学,1993年第1期
[27]赵振宇等。模糊理论和神经网络的基础与应用。北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[28]鲍新福等。自调整比例因子模糊控制器。自动化学报,第13卷(2):129-133,1987年3月
[29]王洋浩等。模糊变频空调器控制效果分析与系统的仿真研究。系统仿真学报,第10卷(6)1998年12月
[30]方崇智,萧德云,过程辨识[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1988
[31]Sundaresan,K.R.,and R.R.Krishnaswamy,Estimation of Time Delay,Time Constant Parameters in Time,Frequency,and Lapace Domains,Can.J.Chem.Eng.,56,257(1978)
[2]范宏昌编著,热学[M],科学出版社,2003
[3]王永青等编著,工程热力学[M]。中国电力出版社,2000
[4]云南烟草教育培训中心、昆明卷烟厂、云南烟草职业技能鉴定站编著.Hauni制丝设备培训教材[M],2004,内部资料
[5]红河卷烟厂,制丝线工艺培训材料,内部资料,2005
[6]国家烟草专卖局,卷烟工艺规范[M],中央文献出版社,2003
[7]任宏程,张勇,向凤红,《智能控制在烘丝机控制系统中的应用》[J],《烟草科技》,2007,12
[8]金以慧,过程控制,1991,清华大学出版社
[9]Dale E.Seborg,Thomas F.Edgar,Duncan A.Mellichamp著,王金春,王凌,金以慧等译.过程的动态特性与控制[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[10]R.F.Giles,T.M.Bartley,Gain-Adaptive dead Time Compensation,ISA,Trans.Bo.1,1977
[11]Hang,C.C.et.Al,A Perfomance Study of Control System With Dead Time,IEEE.IECI.Vol.27 pp234~241,1980
[12]刘金琨.先进PID控制与MATLAB仿真[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[13]陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[14]Malki H A,Li H D,CHEN G.New design and stability analysis of fuzzy proportional-derivative control systems[J].IEEE Trans.Fuzzy Systems,1994,1(2):245-254
[15 MISIR D,M ALKIH A,C HEN G Design and analysis of fuzzy proportional-derivative control systems[J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1996,1(79):29 7314
[16]Wang L X.Adaptive Fuzzy Systems and Control,Design and Stability Analysis[M].New Jersey:PTR Prentice-Hall,1994
[17]顾树生,平力。模糊控制系统稳定性分析及控制器设计[J],控制与决策,1991,6(3):178-183
[18]赵延东,于锡纯。模糊PID控制器的稳定性分析[J],控制与决策,2002,17(5): 631-634
[19]应浩。关于模糊控制理论与应用的若干问题[J],自动化学报,2001(7):591-593
[20]李士勇.模糊控制,神经控制和智能控制论[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1998.
[21]韩峻峰,李玉惠等。模糊控制技术[M]。重庆:重庆大学出版社,2003。
[22]涂承宇,涂承嫒,杨晓菜,贺佳。模糊控制理论与实践[M]。北京:地震出版社,1998。
[23]X-J,Singh M G.Approximation theory of fuzzy systems - SISO case[J].IEEE Trans.Fuzzy Systems,1994,2(2):162-176
[24]何平等。模糊控制器的设计与应用。北京:科学出版社,1997,1
[25]陈理君等。微机模糊控制。武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,1999
[26]李平等。模糊控制中的积分作用。模糊系统与数学,1993年第1期
[27]赵振宇等。模糊理论和神经网络的基础与应用。北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[28]鲍新福等。自调整比例因子模糊控制器。自动化学报,第13卷(2):129-133,1987年3月
[29]王洋浩等。模糊变频空调器控制效果分析与系统的仿真研究。系统仿真学报,第10卷(6)1998年12月
[30]方崇智,萧德云,过程辨识[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1988
[31]Sundaresan,K.R.,and R.R.Krishnaswamy,Estimation of Time Delay,Time Constant Parameters in Time,Frequency,and Lapace Domains,Can.J.Chem.Eng.,56,257(1978)