电气化铁路对电网电能质量影响的可视化技术研究
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摘要
电气化铁路因其高速重载、运量大、运输成本低、经济效益好、环保等诸多特点,近年来在我国发展迅速。根据我国《中长期铁路网规划》,到2020年,电气化铁路总里程将会达到全国铁路营业里程的一半,承担的铁路运量比重将超过80%。如此大量的电气化铁路负荷势必对公用电网造成巨大影响,如何改善电气化铁路的电能质量,减弱电气化铁路对电网电能质量的影响成为重要研究课题。因此建立一套能够对电气化铁路牵引网的电能质量进行可视化的软件十分必要,用户可通过可视化软件对电能质量数据进行检测与分析,从而为改善电能质量提供便利。
文中通过分析电气化铁路的负荷特点,并根据我国电能质量相关国标中发布的六项电能质量主要指标(电网谐波、电压偏差、电压波动及闪变、频率偏差、三相不平衡度、暂时过电压和瞬态过电压)情况,确定了电能质量可视化的主要指标对象为负序(三相电压不平衡度)和谐波。可视化软件对以上两项指标的监测数据进行可视化,方便用户进行分析和研究。
根据以上可视化需求,作者设计和开发了一套电能质量可视化软件。作者在可视化实践中,根据实践经验和可视化理论提出了一些可视化的新主张,以期获得更好的可视化效果。根据课题要求,作者设计和开发的可视化软件采用Visual Studio2010平台进行软件设计,采用C#代码在WPF环境下进行代码编写。并采用模块化设计思路完成了电能质量可视化软件的数据库连接、数据查询、图形输出和报表生成等功能。由实际操作体验表明,本文所设计的电能质量可视化软件界面友好、操作简单、效果良好。
Because of its characteristics, such as high speed, heavy transport, large transport, good economic benefits, environment friendly, electric railway grows fast in recent years. According to the "long-term railway network planning" of China, the total mileage of electric railway will make up a half mileage of all railways in China until2020.And it will convey over80percent traffic quantity of railway. So large number of load of electric railway should have a huge impact on the public supply network, so they become important research topics that how to improve the power quality of electric railway and how to weaken the impact.So design a set of visualization software which works for the visualization of the power quality data of electric railway power supply network is necessary. By using this software, users can offer basses for improving power quality.
Through analyzing the load characteristics of electric railway in this article, and according to the main indexes of the power quality in the national standards, author determines the key indicators of visualization are negative sequence and harmonic. Visualization software visualizes those two indexes, so it can provide convenient for analysis and researching.
According to the visualization requirements, author designs and develops a set of visualization software on power quality. According to practical experience and the theory of visualization, the author propose some new ideas of visualization which may get a few better resuits of visualization.According to the claims of the object, that software uses Visual Studio2010platform and C#with WPF mode. It uses the way of modular design, and it fulfills series of functions which are connecting to database, querying data, exporting graphical and generating report forms. It shows by operating experiences that this visualization software of power quality has friendly interface, simple operation and good effects.
文中通过分析电气化铁路的负荷特点,并根据我国电能质量相关国标中发布的六项电能质量主要指标(电网谐波、电压偏差、电压波动及闪变、频率偏差、三相不平衡度、暂时过电压和瞬态过电压)情况,确定了电能质量可视化的主要指标对象为负序(三相电压不平衡度)和谐波。可视化软件对以上两项指标的监测数据进行可视化,方便用户进行分析和研究。
根据以上可视化需求,作者设计和开发了一套电能质量可视化软件。作者在可视化实践中,根据实践经验和可视化理论提出了一些可视化的新主张,以期获得更好的可视化效果。根据课题要求,作者设计和开发的可视化软件采用Visual Studio2010平台进行软件设计,采用C#代码在WPF环境下进行代码编写。并采用模块化设计思路完成了电能质量可视化软件的数据库连接、数据查询、图形输出和报表生成等功能。由实际操作体验表明,本文所设计的电能质量可视化软件界面友好、操作简单、效果良好。
Because of its characteristics, such as high speed, heavy transport, large transport, good economic benefits, environment friendly, electric railway grows fast in recent years. According to the "long-term railway network planning" of China, the total mileage of electric railway will make up a half mileage of all railways in China until2020.And it will convey over80percent traffic quantity of railway. So large number of load of electric railway should have a huge impact on the public supply network, so they become important research topics that how to improve the power quality of electric railway and how to weaken the impact.So design a set of visualization software which works for the visualization of the power quality data of electric railway power supply network is necessary. By using this software, users can offer basses for improving power quality.
Through analyzing the load characteristics of electric railway in this article, and according to the main indexes of the power quality in the national standards, author determines the key indicators of visualization are negative sequence and harmonic. Visualization software visualizes those two indexes, so it can provide convenient for analysis and researching.
According to the visualization requirements, author designs and develops a set of visualization software on power quality. According to practical experience and the theory of visualization, the author propose some new ideas of visualization which may get a few better resuits of visualization.According to the claims of the object, that software uses Visual Studio2010platform and C#with WPF mode. It uses the way of modular design, and it fulfills series of functions which are connecting to database, querying data, exporting graphical and generating report forms. It shows by operating experiences that this visualization software of power quality has friendly interface, simple operation and good effects.
引文
[1]李群湛,贺建闽.电气化铁路电能质量及其综合控制技术[M].成都：西南交通大学,2008.
[2]杜永平,袁桂东.电能质量指标分析[J].电力系统及自动化学报,2007,19(3)：70-72.
[3]韦瑜,王虹.电网电能质量可视化系统的研究与开发[J].计算机科学,2009.
[4]铁道部.中国中长期铁路网调整规划方案[S].2008.
[5]Waclawiak M,Granaghan M,Sabin D.Substation Power Qualitty Performance Monitoring and the Internet[J].IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001,11 (2):1110-1111.
[6]ZHAO Feng-zhan,YANG Ren-gang.Power Quality Dis-turbance Recognition Using Stransfor-m[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2007,22(2):944-950.
[7]潘坚跃.电网可视化研究与实践[J].电力信息化,2007(7).
[8]韦瑜.电网电能质量可视化系统的设计与开发[D].武汉,武汉理工大学,2009.
[9]王庆红.电力系统可视化技术及其在南方电网的应用[J],南方电网技术研究,2006年5月.
[10]Emmanouil S, J B M H, YH G I. Expert system for classification and analysi-s ofpower system events[J]. IEEE Trans on Power De-livery,2002,17(2):423--428.
[11]张炳华.通信电源系统的谐波及其治理方法[J].北京电信科技,2000,27(4)：65-70.
[12]赵霞,赵成勇,贾秀芳,李庚银.基于可权重的电能质量模糊综合评价[J].电网技术,2005,11(6)：24-30.
[13]LToivnon,J M.Digital Maltirate Alogotrithms for Measurement of Voltage Cur-rent,Powerand Flieke[J]. IEEETrans,on Power Delevery,1994,10(1):321--328.
[14]林海雪.论电能质量标准[J].中国电力,1997(3).
[15]林海峰.电能质量技术丛书第五分册电力系统的三相不平衡度[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1998,1-65.
[16]国家技术监督局.GB/T 15543-2008电能质量三相电压不平衡[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2008.
[17]冯占稳.电气化铁路及风电对电网电能质量的影响分析[D].天津,天津大学,2009.
[18]国家技术监督局.GB/T 14549-1993电能质量公用电网谐波[S].北京：中国标准出版社,1994.
[19]景德炎.电气化铁路负荷特性分析及供电方案相关问题的建议[C].第四届电能质量(国际)研讨会,2008.
[20]徐开颜.电气化铁路对电力系统的影响[J].产品与技术,2010.
[21]郭知彼.电气化铁路电能质量的综合治理[J].变流技术与电力牵引,2006.
[22]周逊泉,吴国忠.电力牵引系统供电方式及其负荷对电能质量影响的分析研究[J].电气应用,2006.
[23]贺全兵.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国西部科技,2008.
[24]刘娆,李卫东,吕阳.电力系统运行状态可视化技术综述[J].电力系统自动化,2004.
[25]许莉.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国教育技术装备,2008
[26]付光.可视化原理及应用中的可视化数据挖掘[J].广西教育,2011.
[27]文俊,涂大石.对负载与谐波及电能计量问题的分析[J].电测与仪表,2000,21(12)：34-40.
[28]罗邵屏,罗安,汤赐,吴传平.谐波治理的研究进展[J].变流技术与电力牵引,2007,34(6)：45-52.
[29]周晋.谐波、负序在电网中透入机理的研究[D].硕士学位论文,成都,西南交通大学,2009.
[30]马冲,江贺,冯镜芳.软件体系结构理论与实践[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2004.
[31]P.Daponte,M.DiPenta,G.Mercurio.Transient Meter:A Distributed M easurement System for Power Quality Monitoring[J].IEEE Tran.Power Delivery,2004,19(2):456-463.
[32]Lakshmikanth A,Medhat M M.A power quality monitoring system:a case study in DSPbase-d solutions for power electronics[J].EEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2001,50(3):724--731.
[33]Heydt.G.T,Fjeld.P.S.APPlieations of the windowed FFT to electric Power quality assessment [J].IEEE Trans,on Powe Delivery,1999,14(2):1411-1416.
[34]P.Daponte,M.DiPenta,G.Mercurio.Transient Meter:A Distributed M easurement System for Po-wer Quality Monitoring[J].IEEE Tran.Power Delivery,2004,19(2):456--463.
[35]Levinson Jeff,赵卓Visual Studio 2010软件测试指南[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2011.
[36]蒋湘辉SQL Sever 2005和Visual Studio 2005[J]电信工程技术与标准化,2005,12(37)：21-29.
[37]Govind Seshadri.Understanding Java Server pages model 2 architecture exploring the MVC design pattern[J].1999,45(6):53-60.
[38]Xiong Z,Caballero R,Wang H,et al.Video-based Smok Detection:Possibilities,Techniques.and Challenges[C].A Technical Working Conference:Suppression and Detections Research and Applications(SUPDET'07).Orlando,Florida.2007,124(13):167-173.
[39]Yin S A,Lu C-N, Liu E.A Survey on High Tech IndustryPower Quality Req-uirements[J].IEEE/PES Transmission and DistributionConference and Exposition,2001(1):548-553.
[40]Siew Yeen Agnes Tan.A network measurement tool for handhelddevices[D].Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,2003,23(12):79-85.
[41]郑荣茂,刘桂雄,洪晓斌.基于.NET的网络化测控平台的设计开发[J].制造业自动化,2007,12(9)：56-61.
[42]Ravi Sandhu.Relational Database Access Controls.Handbook of Information Secutrity Manag-ement(1992-95Yearbook)[M].Auerbach Publishers.1994,129(21):145-160.
[43]赵乾利.我国电气化铁路的特点[J].铁道知识,1997.
[44]Alessandro F Moreira,Thomas A Lipo,Giri Venkataramanan et al,High-frequencymodeling for cable and inducyion motor overvoltage studies in long cable drives,IEEE transactions on in dustry applicattons,2002,38(9-10).
[45]任春萌.电压暂降对电能质量的影响[J].供用电,2008.
[46]徐遐龄,查晓明.电能质量监测评估系统的研究[J].高电压技术,2008.
[47]S.Chen, Member S. IEEE.Open Design of Networked Power Quality Monitorin-g Systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement,2004,53(2):597-601.
[48]沈国辉,陈光,狄方春,佘东香,孟鑫.电网可视化展示平台的研发与应用[J].电力信息化,2010.
[49]Daniel W J. Power quality and the security of electricity supply[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE,2001, 89(12):1830--1836.
[50]Lamedica.R, Esposito.G. Tironi.E.A Survey on Power Quality Cost in Industrial Customers[J]. IEEE Power Quality Engineering Society Winter Meeting,2001,2:938-943.
[51]Moussa, A.-E, EI-Gammal, M A. E.N. Hardware-Software Structure for on-line Power Quality Assessment part.1[C]. Proceedings of the 2004 ASME/IEEE Joint Rail Conference,2004:147--152.
[52]Vieira R.SQL Server 2005编程入门经典[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
[53]鞠时光.对象关系型数据库管理系统的开发技术[M].北京：科学出版社,2001.
[54]Scoppa D. ADO.NET技术内幕[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[55]全国电压电流等级和频率标准化技术委员会,欧盟—亚洲电能质量项目中国合作组.电能质量国家标准应用指南[M].北京：中国标准出版社2009.
[2]杜永平,袁桂东.电能质量指标分析[J].电力系统及自动化学报,2007,19(3)：70-72.
[3]韦瑜,王虹.电网电能质量可视化系统的研究与开发[J].计算机科学,2009.
[4]铁道部.中国中长期铁路网调整规划方案[S].2008.
[5]Waclawiak M,Granaghan M,Sabin D.Substation Power Qualitty Performance Monitoring and the Internet[J].IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,2001,11 (2):1110-1111.
[6]ZHAO Feng-zhan,YANG Ren-gang.Power Quality Dis-turbance Recognition Using Stransfor-m[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2007,22(2):944-950.
[7]潘坚跃.电网可视化研究与实践[J].电力信息化,2007(7).
[8]韦瑜.电网电能质量可视化系统的设计与开发[D].武汉,武汉理工大学,2009.
[9]王庆红.电力系统可视化技术及其在南方电网的应用[J],南方电网技术研究,2006年5月.
[10]Emmanouil S, J B M H, YH G I. Expert system for classification and analysi-s ofpower system events[J]. IEEE Trans on Power De-livery,2002,17(2):423--428.
[11]张炳华.通信电源系统的谐波及其治理方法[J].北京电信科技,2000,27(4)：65-70.
[12]赵霞,赵成勇,贾秀芳,李庚银.基于可权重的电能质量模糊综合评价[J].电网技术,2005,11(6)：24-30.
[13]LToivnon,J M.Digital Maltirate Alogotrithms for Measurement of Voltage Cur-rent,Powerand Flieke[J]. IEEETrans,on Power Delevery,1994,10(1):321--328.
[14]林海雪.论电能质量标准[J].中国电力,1997(3).
[15]林海峰.电能质量技术丛书第五分册电力系统的三相不平衡度[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1998,1-65.
[16]国家技术监督局.GB/T 15543-2008电能质量三相电压不平衡[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2008.
[17]冯占稳.电气化铁路及风电对电网电能质量的影响分析[D].天津,天津大学,2009.
[18]国家技术监督局.GB/T 14549-1993电能质量公用电网谐波[S].北京：中国标准出版社,1994.
[19]景德炎.电气化铁路负荷特性分析及供电方案相关问题的建议[C].第四届电能质量(国际)研讨会,2008.
[20]徐开颜.电气化铁路对电力系统的影响[J].产品与技术,2010.
[21]郭知彼.电气化铁路电能质量的综合治理[J].变流技术与电力牵引,2006.
[22]周逊泉,吴国忠.电力牵引系统供电方式及其负荷对电能质量影响的分析研究[J].电气应用,2006.
[23]贺全兵.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国西部科技,2008.
[24]刘娆,李卫东,吕阳.电力系统运行状态可视化技术综述[J].电力系统自动化,2004.
[25]许莉.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国教育技术装备,2008
[26]付光.可视化原理及应用中的可视化数据挖掘[J].广西教育,2011.
[27]文俊,涂大石.对负载与谐波及电能计量问题的分析[J].电测与仪表,2000,21(12)：34-40.
[28]罗邵屏,罗安,汤赐,吴传平.谐波治理的研究进展[J].变流技术与电力牵引,2007,34(6)：45-52.
[29]周晋.谐波、负序在电网中透入机理的研究[D].硕士学位论文,成都,西南交通大学,2009.
[30]马冲,江贺,冯镜芳.软件体系结构理论与实践[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2004.
[31]P.Daponte,M.DiPenta,G.Mercurio.Transient Meter:A Distributed M easurement System for Power Quality Monitoring[J].IEEE Tran.Power Delivery,2004,19(2):456-463.
[32]Lakshmikanth A,Medhat M M.A power quality monitoring system:a case study in DSPbase-d solutions for power electronics[J].EEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2001,50(3):724--731.
[33]Heydt.G.T,Fjeld.P.S.APPlieations of the windowed FFT to electric Power quality assessment [J].IEEE Trans,on Powe Delivery,1999,14(2):1411-1416.
[34]P.Daponte,M.DiPenta,G.Mercurio.Transient Meter:A Distributed M easurement System for Po-wer Quality Monitoring[J].IEEE Tran.Power Delivery,2004,19(2):456--463.
[35]Levinson Jeff,赵卓Visual Studio 2010软件测试指南[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2011.
[36]蒋湘辉SQL Sever 2005和Visual Studio 2005[J]电信工程技术与标准化,2005,12(37)：21-29.
[37]Govind Seshadri.Understanding Java Server pages model 2 architecture exploring the MVC design pattern[J].1999,45(6):53-60.
[38]Xiong Z,Caballero R,Wang H,et al.Video-based Smok Detection:Possibilities,Techniques.and Challenges[C].A Technical Working Conference:Suppression and Detections Research and Applications(SUPDET'07).Orlando,Florida.2007,124(13):167-173.
[39]Yin S A,Lu C-N, Liu E.A Survey on High Tech IndustryPower Quality Req-uirements[J].IEEE/PES Transmission and DistributionConference and Exposition,2001(1):548-553.
[40]Siew Yeen Agnes Tan.A network measurement tool for handhelddevices[D].Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,2003,23(12):79-85.
[41]郑荣茂,刘桂雄,洪晓斌.基于.NET的网络化测控平台的设计开发[J].制造业自动化,2007,12(9)：56-61.
[42]Ravi Sandhu.Relational Database Access Controls.Handbook of Information Secutrity Manag-ement(1992-95Yearbook)[M].Auerbach Publishers.1994,129(21):145-160.
[43]赵乾利.我国电气化铁路的特点[J].铁道知识,1997.
[44]Alessandro F Moreira,Thomas A Lipo,Giri Venkataramanan et al,High-frequencymodeling for cable and inducyion motor overvoltage studies in long cable drives,IEEE transactions on in dustry applicattons,2002,38(9-10).
[45]任春萌.电压暂降对电能质量的影响[J].供用电,2008.
[46]徐遐龄,查晓明.电能质量监测评估系统的研究[J].高电压技术,2008.
[47]S.Chen, Member S. IEEE.Open Design of Networked Power Quality Monitorin-g Systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement,2004,53(2):597-601.
[48]沈国辉,陈光,狄方春,佘东香,孟鑫.电网可视化展示平台的研发与应用[J].电力信息化,2010.
[49]Daniel W J. Power quality and the security of electricity supply[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE,2001, 89(12):1830--1836.
[50]Lamedica.R, Esposito.G. Tironi.E.A Survey on Power Quality Cost in Industrial Customers[J]. IEEE Power Quality Engineering Society Winter Meeting,2001,2:938-943.
[51]Moussa, A.-E, EI-Gammal, M A. E.N. Hardware-Software Structure for on-line Power Quality Assessment part.1[C]. Proceedings of the 2004 ASME/IEEE Joint Rail Conference,2004:147--152.
[52]Vieira R.SQL Server 2005编程入门经典[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
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