场路结合并考虑耦合的磁力机械分析与设计方法研究
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摘要
论文简要回顾了磁力机械的应用和研究现状,提出了现有磁力机械设计方法中存在的局限性和不足,分析了系统研究磁力机械的场量计算和考虑多物理场间耦合效应的设计分析方法的重要意义,并根据现有研究基础给出了本文研究内容和方法。对磁力机械设计涉及的相关数理理论和方法进行提炼,给出了磁力机械设计的基础理论体系。
基于场分析方法,针对常规设计方法计算电磁参数中普遍忽略的(如磁阻、漏磁、涡流和集肤效应等)、假定的(如磁性材料特性的线性化假设等)因素及有关动态问题(如转速对电磁场分布的影响),用数值方法作了较详细的定量计算和讨论,为设计中考虑材料非线性、铁损、漏磁等因素影响提供了依据。
对磁力机械中电磁作用下的温度场问题,论文讨论了现有热分析中沿用低压电器的基于牛顿散热公式的简化算法和等效热路法等方法的局限性,并在给定热源条件下,对电磁轴承-转子系统主要部件用场分析方法进行了热分析,其结果直观地给出了温度场分布和变化规律,较准确地反应了散热体各部分热量的获取和损失、热梯度、热流密度等热参数,可作为优化结构参数设计、合理布置散热形式的参考。
在多场耦合问题中,讨论了磁力机械中多物理场耦合的现象、形式,从宏观耦合机理角度对磁力机械中多场耦合进行了分类,论述了耦合问题分析对磁力机械设计的意义和方法。将磁力机械耦合问题分为单场、两场、三场及多场局部耦合问题及复杂耦合问题分别加以讨论。在单场耦合中,讨论了结构因素引起的耦合和磁场内部的场路耦合分析方法,在两场局部耦合中,给出了电磁、机电、热电、热磁、磁场与结构场、结构与温度场等常见耦合分析方法,对三场及多场耦合问题,讨论了在可列出各场数理方程的情况下采用数值方法分析场间耦合;对不能用耦合方程明确描述的复杂耦合分析,提出了将多物理场、多过程、交互式的全局耦合问题转化为各局部耦合问题和各子系统间的耦联问题而得到求解的耦合分析方法。
在上述分析基础上,论文建立了场路结合并考虑耦合的磁力机械设计方法,提出用“场”和“耦合”的观点指导设计过程,以改进现有磁力机械结构和电磁部分设计中依赖经验参数并被分开设计等缺陷,使结果更接近实际。论文以一个大型转子磁性支承系统为实例,说明了设计中将常规计算与场分析相结合并考虑最典型耦合效应的磁力机械结构电磁参数的设计过程和可行性。
At the beginning of this dissertation, the research foundation formed in the development of engineering magnetics and its present status are briefly retrospected, and the latest evolvement related to physical field analysis and muitifield coupling problem of magnetic machine are particularized. Deficiencies of current design and analysis method of magnetic machine are also listed. Based on these, measures and meanings of systematic research on physical variables calculation and coupling effects among muitifield are discussed. Also, mathematical and physical theories and methods which are generally applicable to the following studies are summarized. Based on field analyzing, those generally ignored or assumed ingredient of design such as magnetic resistance, magnetic leakage, skin effect and linearization of B-H magnetizing curve, are taken into consideration. The relational dynamic problems, for instance, how rotate speed influences the distribution of magnetic field, are also discussed. By contrastive analysis, necessity of field analyzing in magnetic machine design is explained. Quantitive results are obtained, so those side-effect which may present to both magnetic circuit and field-circuit integration method are clarified.Temperature field calculations contribute to another field analysis for magnetic machine. This dissertation gives a comprehensive discussion on the issue. Compare with the coarse calculating way by means of Newton formula or equivalent heat network method, temperature of each part obtained by field analysis are more direct and exact, and disciplinarian of heat distribution and transformation can also be found easily through the presentation of heat grads, heat flow density and other heat parameters. Main components in an electromagnetic bearing rotor supporting systems are exemplified in this part.Another main topic of this dissertation is muitifield coupling problem in magnetic machine. From the micro mechanism point of view, the paper classifies the phenomena and forms of coupling in magnetic machine, intending to discuss its method and significance to magnetic machine design. In this section, coupling problems are divided into several parts: single field interior coupling, two fields' mutual coupling, coupling among three or above three fields, and some complex coupling problems. Main couplings in entity of magnetic machine are analyzed one by one in illustrational way. To some sorts of complex coupling, decomposed ways for modeling and numerical solution are put forward. At the end of this dissertation, idea of magnetic machine design considered mutiphisics coupling is present, that is, the Multidisciplinary Design Optimization method. An integrated platform frame for magnetic machine analysis and design is also conceived based on this idea.Based on all the above analysises, surrounding the essence problem of magnetic machine design and contraposing deficiencies of current methods, a field-circuit integrated way considering
coupling effect for magnetic machine design is put forward as conclusion. A practical design example is particularly performed to illustrate the process and feasibility where the method is utilized for the geometric and electromagnetic parameters design of magnetic machine in admissive precision.
基于场分析方法,针对常规设计方法计算电磁参数中普遍忽略的(如磁阻、漏磁、涡流和集肤效应等)、假定的(如磁性材料特性的线性化假设等)因素及有关动态问题(如转速对电磁场分布的影响),用数值方法作了较详细的定量计算和讨论,为设计中考虑材料非线性、铁损、漏磁等因素影响提供了依据。
对磁力机械中电磁作用下的温度场问题,论文讨论了现有热分析中沿用低压电器的基于牛顿散热公式的简化算法和等效热路法等方法的局限性,并在给定热源条件下,对电磁轴承-转子系统主要部件用场分析方法进行了热分析,其结果直观地给出了温度场分布和变化规律,较准确地反应了散热体各部分热量的获取和损失、热梯度、热流密度等热参数,可作为优化结构参数设计、合理布置散热形式的参考。
在多场耦合问题中,讨论了磁力机械中多物理场耦合的现象、形式,从宏观耦合机理角度对磁力机械中多场耦合进行了分类,论述了耦合问题分析对磁力机械设计的意义和方法。将磁力机械耦合问题分为单场、两场、三场及多场局部耦合问题及复杂耦合问题分别加以讨论。在单场耦合中,讨论了结构因素引起的耦合和磁场内部的场路耦合分析方法,在两场局部耦合中,给出了电磁、机电、热电、热磁、磁场与结构场、结构与温度场等常见耦合分析方法,对三场及多场耦合问题,讨论了在可列出各场数理方程的情况下采用数值方法分析场间耦合;对不能用耦合方程明确描述的复杂耦合分析,提出了将多物理场、多过程、交互式的全局耦合问题转化为各局部耦合问题和各子系统间的耦联问题而得到求解的耦合分析方法。
在上述分析基础上,论文建立了场路结合并考虑耦合的磁力机械设计方法,提出用“场”和“耦合”的观点指导设计过程,以改进现有磁力机械结构和电磁部分设计中依赖经验参数并被分开设计等缺陷,使结果更接近实际。论文以一个大型转子磁性支承系统为实例,说明了设计中将常规计算与场分析相结合并考虑最典型耦合效应的磁力机械结构电磁参数的设计过程和可行性。
At the beginning of this dissertation, the research foundation formed in the development of engineering magnetics and its present status are briefly retrospected, and the latest evolvement related to physical field analysis and muitifield coupling problem of magnetic machine are particularized. Deficiencies of current design and analysis method of magnetic machine are also listed. Based on these, measures and meanings of systematic research on physical variables calculation and coupling effects among muitifield are discussed. Also, mathematical and physical theories and methods which are generally applicable to the following studies are summarized. Based on field analyzing, those generally ignored or assumed ingredient of design such as magnetic resistance, magnetic leakage, skin effect and linearization of B-H magnetizing curve, are taken into consideration. The relational dynamic problems, for instance, how rotate speed influences the distribution of magnetic field, are also discussed. By contrastive analysis, necessity of field analyzing in magnetic machine design is explained. Quantitive results are obtained, so those side-effect which may present to both magnetic circuit and field-circuit integration method are clarified.Temperature field calculations contribute to another field analysis for magnetic machine. This dissertation gives a comprehensive discussion on the issue. Compare with the coarse calculating way by means of Newton formula or equivalent heat network method, temperature of each part obtained by field analysis are more direct and exact, and disciplinarian of heat distribution and transformation can also be found easily through the presentation of heat grads, heat flow density and other heat parameters. Main components in an electromagnetic bearing rotor supporting systems are exemplified in this part.Another main topic of this dissertation is muitifield coupling problem in magnetic machine. From the micro mechanism point of view, the paper classifies the phenomena and forms of coupling in magnetic machine, intending to discuss its method and significance to magnetic machine design. In this section, coupling problems are divided into several parts: single field interior coupling, two fields' mutual coupling, coupling among three or above three fields, and some complex coupling problems. Main couplings in entity of magnetic machine are analyzed one by one in illustrational way. To some sorts of complex coupling, decomposed ways for modeling and numerical solution are put forward. At the end of this dissertation, idea of magnetic machine design considered mutiphisics coupling is present, that is, the Multidisciplinary Design Optimization method. An integrated platform frame for magnetic machine analysis and design is also conceived based on this idea.Based on all the above analysises, surrounding the essence problem of magnetic machine design and contraposing deficiencies of current methods, a field-circuit integrated way considering
coupling effect for magnetic machine design is put forward as conclusion. A practical design example is particularly performed to illustrate the process and feasibility where the method is utilized for the geometric and electromagnetic parameters design of magnetic machine in admissive precision.
引文
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