基于CC1100的无线反馈系统的设计与实现
摘要
如何使传统的课堂面授教学实现信息化,实现信息技术与学科课程教学的整合,这是21世纪全球基础教育革新和发展面临的重大课题。在传统教学模式中,教师通过学生的表情仅能宏观的、大概的得到学生的学习状态信息,不能实时、快速、科学、准确的了解学生课堂接受效果。为了解决这个问题,本文设计了无线反馈系统来增加教师与学生之间的互动反馈。主要工作体现在三个方面。
(1)本文研究了短距离无线通信技术,应用ISM射频芯片通信技术完成了无线反馈系统的设计与实现,其中包括无线反馈手持器、无线通信模块和无线反馈控制器的软、硬件设计与实现。
(2)本文对无线通信模块射频PCB电路进行了合理的布局、布线和抗干扰设计;对电源输出进行了不同的滤波处理。实验证明,本文设计的无线反馈手持器、无线通信模块和无线反馈控制器能够正常稳定的工作。
(3)本文对无线反馈系统进行了性能测试。实际测试表明,无线反馈手持器在低功耗的基础上实现了键盘作答、液晶显示等功能;无线反馈系统能够实现各学科客观题的随堂测验和抢答游戏等功能,为早日实现在课堂教学中的应用奠定了基础。
Wireless Feedback System is an important component of the "Information based teaching tools and the application of basic platform". To achieve the interaction and feedback between teachers and students in the classroom teaching, it can be used Irda, Bluetooth and ISM RF chips and so on short-range wireless communication technology. This paper has balanced the advantages and disadvantages of each short-range wireless communication technology, considered the advantages of flexible usage, long communication distance and large network capacity and so on of ISM RF chips communication technology and adopted ISM RF chips at last. Wireless Feedback System, using ISM RF chips, can achieve the quizzes and responder functions of the objective questions; The various answer forms, like multiple-choice questions, yes or no questions and mathematical calculation questions, can inspire the students’learning positivity; Besides, the PC can also deal with the realization of the attendance names, answer statistics and teaching management functions.
The main tasks and contributions of this paper are as follows:
(1)This paper has fully researched the short-distance wireless communication technology and applied ISM RF chips for the design and implementation of Wireless Feedback System, including software and hardware design of wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller.
(2)This paper has adopted reasonable layout, wiring and anti-jamming design to the RF circuit; The power output is dealt with the filter circuit, which is effective to reduce the sharp pulse interference of the step-up DC-DC converter output, thus the power part reduces the effect on the RF circuit. Experimentation has proved that wireless feedback terminal can reply with keyboard and display with LCM; Wireless communication module can realize the wireless transmission of data; Wireless feedback controller can harmonize the data transmission and make Wireless Feedback System work stably.
(3)This paper has tested the performance of Wireless Feedback System. The real test results prove that the consumption of wireless feedback terminal is lower to 120μA through the keyboard circuit improvements; Through the communication protocol and packet formats, the quizzes and responder functions is achieved in the point-to-multipoint Wireless Feedback System; Moreover, the responder function is reliable, the data conflict will not happen; The design and implementation of Wireless Feedback System laid the foundation for the application of the early realization of teaching in the classroom.
The paper is divided into six chapters, the detailed arrangement as following:
Chapter one summarizes the background, significance, compositions functions and roles of the Wireless Feedback System and introduces the research contents of this paper.
Chapter two introduces the main features and performance comparison of the short-range wireless communication technology in detail which has laid the foundation for ISM RF chip communication technology selection of Wireless Feedback System.
Chapter three details the hardware circuit design of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, and achieves the low-power circuit design of wireless feedback terminal and the PCB layout, wiring and anti-jamming design of wireless communication module.
Chapter four details the software design of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, and realizes the wireless transmission of data; according to the system communication protocol and data formats, the quizzes and responder functions is achieved.
Chapter five debugs and tests the hardware and software of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, the key performance parameters and innovation of Wireless Feedback System is given.
Chapter six is the summarization and expectation of this paper.
The research significance of the Wireless Feedback System lies in: Wireless Feedback System creates a new concept of interactive teaching. It is the breakthroughs of education and technological. With the technological innovation, education has advanced at the same time. Its application has changed the one-way instilling teaching mode of traditional classroom teaching, fully embodied the students as the main mode of instruction, deepened educational technology products in the teaching of applications and made the classroom equipment, such as computers, projectors, with the help of the multi-media teaching resources as well as the Wireless Feedback System, play a new effectiveness and create more teaching mode applications. Wireless Feedback System, by working together with Interactive Electronic Whiteboard, Subminiature Electronic Whiteboard and Wireless Discussion Board System and so on, can implement "Information based teaching tools and the application of basic platform", which has pioneered the high integrity of the information and interactive teaching environment, promoted the classroom teaching information. At the same time, it conforms to "11th Five-Year" plan for accelerating education information pace and has great realistic and long-term significance.
The innovations of this paper are as follows:
(1)In the traditional teaching mode, the teachers can get the students’learning status messages only macroscopically or probably, they can not read the students’receiving effect real-time, fast, scientific and accurately. This paper proposes the use of Wireless Feedback System to achieve the interaction and feedback between teachers and students in the classroom teaching, the system's application provides students with a space for independent thinking and relaxed environment for study and provides teachers with effective feedback, which is a basis for the default and generated dynamic adjustment.
(2)The traditional responder function uses " transmit after press " working, it is easy to generate the data conflict In this paper, comparing "waiting time" is to solve the data conflict in the responder function of the point-to-multipoint Wireless Feedback System, experimentation has proved that the responder function is reliable, the data conflict will not happen.
There are still some problems concerning the manufacture of Wireless Feedback System remaining to be solved:
(1)The consumption of the LCM is great when LCM displays contents, optimize further so as to reduce power consumption.
(2)As the distance communication of wireless communication module is short, optimize wireless module so as to achieve longer distance communication.
(3)Optimize communication protocol and explore a more rational, more efficient communication protocol.
(1)本文研究了短距离无线通信技术,应用ISM射频芯片通信技术完成了无线反馈系统的设计与实现,其中包括无线反馈手持器、无线通信模块和无线反馈控制器的软、硬件设计与实现。
(2)本文对无线通信模块射频PCB电路进行了合理的布局、布线和抗干扰设计;对电源输出进行了不同的滤波处理。实验证明,本文设计的无线反馈手持器、无线通信模块和无线反馈控制器能够正常稳定的工作。
(3)本文对无线反馈系统进行了性能测试。实际测试表明,无线反馈手持器在低功耗的基础上实现了键盘作答、液晶显示等功能;无线反馈系统能够实现各学科客观题的随堂测验和抢答游戏等功能,为早日实现在课堂教学中的应用奠定了基础。
Wireless Feedback System is an important component of the "Information based teaching tools and the application of basic platform". To achieve the interaction and feedback between teachers and students in the classroom teaching, it can be used Irda, Bluetooth and ISM RF chips and so on short-range wireless communication technology. This paper has balanced the advantages and disadvantages of each short-range wireless communication technology, considered the advantages of flexible usage, long communication distance and large network capacity and so on of ISM RF chips communication technology and adopted ISM RF chips at last. Wireless Feedback System, using ISM RF chips, can achieve the quizzes and responder functions of the objective questions; The various answer forms, like multiple-choice questions, yes or no questions and mathematical calculation questions, can inspire the students’learning positivity; Besides, the PC can also deal with the realization of the attendance names, answer statistics and teaching management functions.
The main tasks and contributions of this paper are as follows:
(1)This paper has fully researched the short-distance wireless communication technology and applied ISM RF chips for the design and implementation of Wireless Feedback System, including software and hardware design of wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller.
(2)This paper has adopted reasonable layout, wiring and anti-jamming design to the RF circuit; The power output is dealt with the filter circuit, which is effective to reduce the sharp pulse interference of the step-up DC-DC converter output, thus the power part reduces the effect on the RF circuit. Experimentation has proved that wireless feedback terminal can reply with keyboard and display with LCM; Wireless communication module can realize the wireless transmission of data; Wireless feedback controller can harmonize the data transmission and make Wireless Feedback System work stably.
(3)This paper has tested the performance of Wireless Feedback System. The real test results prove that the consumption of wireless feedback terminal is lower to 120μA through the keyboard circuit improvements; Through the communication protocol and packet formats, the quizzes and responder functions is achieved in the point-to-multipoint Wireless Feedback System; Moreover, the responder function is reliable, the data conflict will not happen; The design and implementation of Wireless Feedback System laid the foundation for the application of the early realization of teaching in the classroom.
The paper is divided into six chapters, the detailed arrangement as following:
Chapter one summarizes the background, significance, compositions functions and roles of the Wireless Feedback System and introduces the research contents of this paper.
Chapter two introduces the main features and performance comparison of the short-range wireless communication technology in detail which has laid the foundation for ISM RF chip communication technology selection of Wireless Feedback System.
Chapter three details the hardware circuit design of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, and achieves the low-power circuit design of wireless feedback terminal and the PCB layout, wiring and anti-jamming design of wireless communication module.
Chapter four details the software design of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, and realizes the wireless transmission of data; according to the system communication protocol and data formats, the quizzes and responder functions is achieved.
Chapter five debugs and tests the hardware and software of the wireless feedback terminal, wireless communication module and wireless feedback controller, the key performance parameters and innovation of Wireless Feedback System is given.
Chapter six is the summarization and expectation of this paper.
The research significance of the Wireless Feedback System lies in: Wireless Feedback System creates a new concept of interactive teaching. It is the breakthroughs of education and technological. With the technological innovation, education has advanced at the same time. Its application has changed the one-way instilling teaching mode of traditional classroom teaching, fully embodied the students as the main mode of instruction, deepened educational technology products in the teaching of applications and made the classroom equipment, such as computers, projectors, with the help of the multi-media teaching resources as well as the Wireless Feedback System, play a new effectiveness and create more teaching mode applications. Wireless Feedback System, by working together with Interactive Electronic Whiteboard, Subminiature Electronic Whiteboard and Wireless Discussion Board System and so on, can implement "Information based teaching tools and the application of basic platform", which has pioneered the high integrity of the information and interactive teaching environment, promoted the classroom teaching information. At the same time, it conforms to "11th Five-Year" plan for accelerating education information pace and has great realistic and long-term significance.
The innovations of this paper are as follows:
(1)In the traditional teaching mode, the teachers can get the students’learning status messages only macroscopically or probably, they can not read the students’receiving effect real-time, fast, scientific and accurately. This paper proposes the use of Wireless Feedback System to achieve the interaction and feedback between teachers and students in the classroom teaching, the system's application provides students with a space for independent thinking and relaxed environment for study and provides teachers with effective feedback, which is a basis for the default and generated dynamic adjustment.
(2)The traditional responder function uses " transmit after press " working, it is easy to generate the data conflict In this paper, comparing "waiting time" is to solve the data conflict in the responder function of the point-to-multipoint Wireless Feedback System, experimentation has proved that the responder function is reliable, the data conflict will not happen.
There are still some problems concerning the manufacture of Wireless Feedback System remaining to be solved:
(1)The consumption of the LCM is great when LCM displays contents, optimize further so as to reduce power consumption.
(2)As the distance communication of wireless communication module is short, optimize wireless module so as to achieve longer distance communication.
(3)Optimize communication protocol and explore a more rational, more efficient communication protocol.
引文
[1] 丁兴富,李敬东,从黑板到交互白板的历史进程——对信息技术与课堂教学整合前景的展望[J],中国电化教育,2005,(2):30-34
[2] Heike vom Orde, Information system media education (ISM):cooperating for media literacy, Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE joint conference on Digital libraries, 2007, pp.498-498
[3] 丁兴富,进入最艰难的领域,中国远程教育[J],2004,(10 下):66
[4] 林建祥,互动反馈技术应用与推进思路,北京松博科技公司,2007
[5] 余胜泉、林君芬,教育信息化应用回顾与展望,北京松博科技公司,2002
[6] 吴正宪,利用互动技术提高数学课堂教学实效性,北京松博科技公司,2007
[7] 尹刚,短程无线通信在 ITS 不停车收费系统 ETC 中的应用,吉林大学硕士学位论文,2005
[8] Bluetooth Special Interest Group, Specification of the Bluetooth system, Version 1.2, November 2003
[9] Shih, Kuei-Ping, Wang, Sheng-Shih, Su, Jen-Hung, A scatternet formation algorithm for efficient routing on bluetooth networks, Journal of Information Science and Engineering, May 2007, 23(3):819-836
[10] Infrared Data Association (IrDA), IrDA Serial Infrared Physical Layer Specification, Version 1.4, May 2001
[11] 江涛,红外数据交换(IrDA)向高速化发展的轨迹——IrDA 标准的最新动向,红外,1997,(01):16-20
[12] 蔡型,张思全,短距离无线通信技术综述,现代电子技术,2004,27(3):68-70
[13] IEEE Standard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, ISO/IEC8802-11, 1999
[14] Brian P. Crow, Indra Widjaja, Jeong Geun Kim, Prescott T. Sakai, IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, September 1997, 35(9):116-126
[15] 张海滨,郑维智,短距离无线通信在控制中的应用,微型计算机中心,2004,20(111):129-130
[16] 孙勇,微功率分组无线数据通信平台的设计与实现,北京邮电大学硕士学位论文,2004
[17] Weiser M., Welch B., Demers A., Shenker S., Scheduling for reduced CPU energy, Operating Systems Design and Implementation, 1994, 1(2):13-23
[18] Tan T., Raghunathan A., Jha N., Software architectural transformations: A new approach to low energy embedded software, In Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, 2003, pp.1046-1051
[19] 任力升,基于 nRF401 的无线投票系统的研究与开发,河北大学硕士学位论文,2006
[20] 89S51, Datasheet, Atmel Corporation, revision C, 2005
[21] 周立功,增强型 80C51 单片机速成与实战,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,第一版
[22] 张毅刚,彭喜元,姜守达,乔立岩,新编 MSC-51 单片机应用设计,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003,第一版
[23] www.mculib.com
[24] www.dept.xgu.cn/sfzx/syjx/dzyjq.htm
[25] www.ruitelcd.com
[26] Tajana Simunic, Haris Vikalo, Peter Glynn, Giovanni De Micheli, Energy efficient design of portable wireless systems, Proc. of the 2000 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2000, pp.49-54
[27] 方佩敏,如何选择便携式产品电源 IC,今日电子,2000,(5):25-26
[28] Yongseok Choi, P. Naehyuck Chang, P. Taewhan Kim, DC-DC converter-aware power management for battery-operated embedded systems, Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation, 2005, pp.895-900
[29] MAX856, 3.3V/5V/Adjustable-Output Step-Up DC-DC Converters, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Rev 4, May 1996
[30] 吴振宇,张飞,冯林,便携式 E_2PROM 读写器的设计,现代电子技术,2003,(3):92-93
[31] 周正林,张正苏,张培明,便携式数字设备中的关键技术,信息技术,2004,28(9):65-66
[32] 冯云梅,石芹侠,廉小亲,电源管理芯片 MAX710 的应用,北京工商大学学报(自然科学版),2001,19(4):21-24
[33] CC1100 Single Chip Low Cost Low Power RF Transceiver Data Sheet (Rev.1.1),Texas Instruments Inc., 2006
[34] 牟志新,丁高,张望,射频电路 PCB 板的电磁兼容性设计,电子质量,2006,(1):58-61
[35] Ramin Hojati, Layout optimization by pattern modification, Proceedings of the 27th ACM/IEEE conference on Design automation, 1991, pp.632-637
[36] C. R. Paul, A comparison of the contributions of common-mode and differential-mode currents in radiated emissions, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1989, 31(2):189-193
[37] Bayegan H.M., Aas, E., An integrated system for interactive editing of schematics, logic simulation and PCB layout design, Proceedings of the 15th conference on Design automation, 1978, pp.1-8
[38] 何缓,王积勤,射频电路 PCB 设计中应注意的有关问题,电力系统通信,2003,(6):50-52
[39] 杨承恩,林永生,杜佳璐,RF 无线射频电路设计中的常见问题及设计原则,国外电子器件,2006,(4):69-74
[40] 付彬,RF 电路设计中的常见问题及解决方案,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,(4):73-74
[41] 郭梯云,邬国扬,李建东,移动通信(修订版),西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000,第一版
[42] G. Finlay, Understanding SDR requirements, Wireless Systems Design, 2001,6(7):43-50
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[44] 谭浩强,C 语言程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,2005,第三版
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[46] 廖平,乔刚,基于 nRF2401 的近距离点对多点无线通信系统,现代电子技术,2006,29(11):18-20
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[49] I. S. Gopal, J. M. Jaffe., Point-to-multipoint communication over broadcast links, IEEE Transactions on Communication, 1984, 32(9):1034-1044
[50] Songwu Lu, Vaduvur B., Srikant R., Fair scheduling in wireless packet networks, IEEE Transactions on Networking, 1999, 7(4):473-489
[51] 宫洁,张新莲,无线射频收发模块对大楼防火防盗系统的开发,北京化工大学学报,2003,30(4):98-101
[52] 李丽军,王代华,祖静,基于 CC1100 的无线数据传输系统设计,研究与开发,2007,26(12):42-44
[53] Sensory, 80-0285-B_Low Power Mode Design, Sensory Inc., 2006
[2] Heike vom Orde, Information system media education (ISM):cooperating for media literacy, Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE joint conference on Digital libraries, 2007, pp.498-498
[3] 丁兴富,进入最艰难的领域,中国远程教育[J],2004,(10 下):66
[4] 林建祥,互动反馈技术应用与推进思路,北京松博科技公司,2007
[5] 余胜泉、林君芬,教育信息化应用回顾与展望,北京松博科技公司,2002
[6] 吴正宪,利用互动技术提高数学课堂教学实效性,北京松博科技公司,2007
[7] 尹刚,短程无线通信在 ITS 不停车收费系统 ETC 中的应用,吉林大学硕士学位论文,2005
[8] Bluetooth Special Interest Group, Specification of the Bluetooth system, Version 1.2, November 2003
[9] Shih, Kuei-Ping, Wang, Sheng-Shih, Su, Jen-Hung, A scatternet formation algorithm for efficient routing on bluetooth networks, Journal of Information Science and Engineering, May 2007, 23(3):819-836
[10] Infrared Data Association (IrDA), IrDA Serial Infrared Physical Layer Specification, Version 1.4, May 2001
[11] 江涛,红外数据交换(IrDA)向高速化发展的轨迹——IrDA 标准的最新动向,红外,1997,(01):16-20
[12] 蔡型,张思全,短距离无线通信技术综述,现代电子技术,2004,27(3):68-70
[13] IEEE Standard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, ISO/IEC8802-11, 1999
[14] Brian P. Crow, Indra Widjaja, Jeong Geun Kim, Prescott T. Sakai, IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, IEEE Communications Magazine, September 1997, 35(9):116-126
[15] 张海滨,郑维智,短距离无线通信在控制中的应用,微型计算机中心,2004,20(111):129-130
[16] 孙勇,微功率分组无线数据通信平台的设计与实现,北京邮电大学硕士学位论文,2004
[17] Weiser M., Welch B., Demers A., Shenker S., Scheduling for reduced CPU energy, Operating Systems Design and Implementation, 1994, 1(2):13-23
[18] Tan T., Raghunathan A., Jha N., Software architectural transformations: A new approach to low energy embedded software, In Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition, 2003, pp.1046-1051
[19] 任力升,基于 nRF401 的无线投票系统的研究与开发,河北大学硕士学位论文,2006
[20] 89S51, Datasheet, Atmel Corporation, revision C, 2005
[21] 周立功,增强型 80C51 单片机速成与实战,北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003,第一版
[22] 张毅刚,彭喜元,姜守达,乔立岩,新编 MSC-51 单片机应用设计,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2003,第一版
[23] www.mculib.com
[24] www.dept.xgu.cn/sfzx/syjx/dzyjq.htm
[25] www.ruitelcd.com
[26] Tajana Simunic, Haris Vikalo, Peter Glynn, Giovanni De Micheli, Energy efficient design of portable wireless systems, Proc. of the 2000 International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, 2000, pp.49-54
[27] 方佩敏,如何选择便携式产品电源 IC,今日电子,2000,(5):25-26
[28] Yongseok Choi, P. Naehyuck Chang, P. Taewhan Kim, DC-DC converter-aware power management for battery-operated embedded systems, Proceedings of the 42nd annual conference on Design automation, 2005, pp.895-900
[29] MAX856, 3.3V/5V/Adjustable-Output Step-Up DC-DC Converters, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Rev 4, May 1996
[30] 吴振宇,张飞,冯林,便携式 E_2PROM 读写器的设计,现代电子技术,2003,(3):92-93
[31] 周正林,张正苏,张培明,便携式数字设备中的关键技术,信息技术,2004,28(9):65-66
[32] 冯云梅,石芹侠,廉小亲,电源管理芯片 MAX710 的应用,北京工商大学学报(自然科学版),2001,19(4):21-24
[33] CC1100 Single Chip Low Cost Low Power RF Transceiver Data Sheet (Rev.1.1),Texas Instruments Inc., 2006
[34] 牟志新,丁高,张望,射频电路 PCB 板的电磁兼容性设计,电子质量,2006,(1):58-61
[35] Ramin Hojati, Layout optimization by pattern modification, Proceedings of the 27th ACM/IEEE conference on Design automation, 1991, pp.632-637
[36] C. R. Paul, A comparison of the contributions of common-mode and differential-mode currents in radiated emissions, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1989, 31(2):189-193
[37] Bayegan H.M., Aas, E., An integrated system for interactive editing of schematics, logic simulation and PCB layout design, Proceedings of the 15th conference on Design automation, 1978, pp.1-8
[38] 何缓,王积勤,射频电路 PCB 设计中应注意的有关问题,电力系统通信,2003,(6):50-52
[39] 杨承恩,林永生,杜佳璐,RF 无线射频电路设计中的常见问题及设计原则,国外电子器件,2006,(4):69-74
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