秘鲁南部铁矿勘查地球物理信息方法研究
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摘要
铁矿资源是国民经济和社会发展的重要物质基础。随着近年来我国国民经济的迅速发展,钢材需求量急剧增加,自有铁矿生产能力相对于钢铁工业对铁矿石的需求缺口越来越大,面对此种形势,“走出去”参与国外铁矿资源的勘探和开发,建立一批国外铁矿生产供应基地和储备基地,对于我国钢铁行业从国外长期、稳定、安全、经济地获取铁矿资源,显得日益紧迫。秘鲁有丰富的铁矿资源,具有较大的矿业开发潜力和前景,是我国推行“走出去”战略的一个重要目标国。地球物理信息方法是铁矿勘查的一种快速有效的方法,而秘鲁地质、地球物理条件特殊,地球物理信息的提取和解释均有别于其它地区,但是目前没有对于秘鲁铁矿勘查中地球物理信息方法的综合研究,因此迫切的需要针对秘鲁铁矿地球物理勘查方法的理论和方法研究。本文在中南大学庄胜矿业研究院秘鲁铁矿资源勘查项目的资助下,研究利用地球物理方法对秘鲁铁矿资源靶区进行圈定、前景靶区的初勘和己知铁矿外围远景区的预测。本文主要采用以磁法为主,电法为辅的工作方法。秘鲁地质条件、地球物理环境特殊,勘查数据工作量大。地球物理工作方法、数据处理转换、解译等都具有特殊性。本文通过对秘鲁南部地区航磁数据处理方法和流程的总结,对低纬度磁异常处理和转换方法进行总结和改进,对双频激电的工作方法和信息提取方法进行试验性研究,对数据预处理一键化的程序编写,总结了适用于秘鲁南部铁矿勘查的地球物理方法和技术程序,划出秘鲁南部不同类型铁矿的远景靶区,并对秘鲁两个典型铁矿利用文中研究的方法进行远景区的预测。
具体研究内容如下：
本文从秘鲁区域地质和铁矿资源分布入手,介绍了秘鲁铁矿资源的分带及类型。秘鲁铁矿分为三个带：沿海地带的铁矿；安第斯山地带铁矿；东部地带铁矿。
通过对秘鲁南部航磁资料进行预处理、低纬度化极、化赤倒转、求导、延拓、求导数模等处理工作,提取了秘鲁南部的构造信息,编制了航磁构造纲要图。分析了构造和铁矿类型的相关性,通过对航磁图与己知铁矿的对比分析,对南部航磁区域的铁矿进行了靶区预测。由于秘鲁大规模磁法扫面工作量大,数据量大,本文针对这一特点利用VB和批处理程序编写了原始数据的自动化预处理程序,使得原始数据的预处理实现一键化。针对秘鲁所处的低磁纬度地磁环境(-12。 双频激电作为验证磁异常的方法在秘鲁铁矿勘查中进行了应用。本文对中间梯度法的“脱节”现象进行了试验分析；对二极法无穷远极位置对测量结果的影响进行了分析；并利用VBA编写了双频激电野外数据自动化预处理的程序。
论文对秘鲁南部两种典型的铁矿进行了成矿分析,并利用本文提出的磁异常处理解释方法以及部分双频激电试验性工作对矿体进行地球物理信息特征研究和潜在储量预测。一种是热液交代型铁矿-Morritos铁矿。本文利用解析延拓求取差值磁异常法对Morritos铁矿进行了磁异常分析,并成功的预测了18条隐伏矿脉,并且得到钻探验证。另外一种是铁氧铜金型铁矿-Marcona铁矿和Pongo铁矿,分析了二者的成矿条件异同,利用地面磁测异常编写了Pongo地区磁异常构造纲要图,总结出了铁氧铜金型铁矿的磁异常特征,并对外围地区进行了成矿预测。
Iron is important material foundation for national economy and social development. With the development of national economy in recent years, the demand of the steel material is increasing quickly, the gap comparing internal production capacity of iron mine to the demand for iron mine stone in the steel industry become bigger. Facing this trend,"walking out" to explore and develop the foreign iron mine resources, building up a group of iron mine supply base overseas are pressing for our country's steel industry to acquire iron mine resources from foreign countries long-term, stably, safely, then lower the cost of the whole national economy develops. Peru is rich in iron resources, which is one of the most important investment target of China. Geophysical methods are rapid and effective ones for iron ore exploration. There is no comprehensive study of the geophysical method for iron ores exploration in Peru. It is an urgent need to do this work. Funded by Junefield Mining Institute in Central South University, the geophysical prospecting methods are studied for acquiring new advancement for iron ores exploration. The magnetic exploration method is primarily used, supplemented with IP methods. Because of special geological conditions, geophysical environment and large workload, particular characteristics are obvious in geophysical methods choice, data processing, conversions and interpretation. Methods are studied of the magnetic anomalies process and conversion methods, Dual-Frequency Induced Polarization information extraction methods and the data pre-process programming. The geophysical methods and technical procedures for iron ore exploration is summarized. Then work of metallogenic prognosis for different types of iron deposits is carried out in southern Peru.
Research are as follows:
It is introduced of distribution and types of iron ore resources in Peru, which is divided into three zones:the coastal zone of iron ore; the Andean zone of iron ore; the eastern zone of iron ore.
The structural information and outline map of aeromagnetic structure is prepared by a series of data processing and analysis work, including preprocessing aeromagnetic data, reduction to pole at low latitudes, inversed reduction to equator, derivation, continuation, gradient modules and so on. By analyzing the dependence between structure and iron ore, comparing aeromagnetic map and the known iron ores, perspective iron ores zones are outlined. Because of the large amount of magnetic surface profiling and data, the preprocessing of raw data is automated by coding the programs using VB and batch programming languages. Peru is located at low geomagnetic latitudes environment (-12° The DFIP method is applied as a complementary method to test the magnetic anomalies. Based on the experimental work of the DFIP method, it is analyzed of the "disconnect" phenomenon of central gradient array, the influence of the infinity electrodes position to the measurement results. Then a computer program is prepared to process the DFIP raw data automatically using VBA.
Those are analyzed of the geophysical characteristics and potential reserves prospecting of two iron deposits. One type is hydrothermal contact metasomatic iron deposit, taking the Morritos iron deposit as an example.18covered veins are prospected. Another type is known as iron oxide copper-gold iron deposit, taking the Marcona and Pongo as examples. By analyzing similarities and differences of the two ores, making outline map of structures by processing ground magnetic survey data, the metallogenic prognosis in surrounding zones are carried out.
具体研究内容如下：
本文从秘鲁区域地质和铁矿资源分布入手,介绍了秘鲁铁矿资源的分带及类型。秘鲁铁矿分为三个带：沿海地带的铁矿；安第斯山地带铁矿；东部地带铁矿。
通过对秘鲁南部航磁资料进行预处理、低纬度化极、化赤倒转、求导、延拓、求导数模等处理工作,提取了秘鲁南部的构造信息,编制了航磁构造纲要图。分析了构造和铁矿类型的相关性,通过对航磁图与己知铁矿的对比分析,对南部航磁区域的铁矿进行了靶区预测。由于秘鲁大规模磁法扫面工作量大,数据量大,本文针对这一特点利用VB和批处理程序编写了原始数据的自动化预处理程序,使得原始数据的预处理实现一键化。针对秘鲁所处的低磁纬度地磁环境(-12。
论文对秘鲁南部两种典型的铁矿进行了成矿分析,并利用本文提出的磁异常处理解释方法以及部分双频激电试验性工作对矿体进行地球物理信息特征研究和潜在储量预测。一种是热液交代型铁矿-Morritos铁矿。本文利用解析延拓求取差值磁异常法对Morritos铁矿进行了磁异常分析,并成功的预测了18条隐伏矿脉,并且得到钻探验证。另外一种是铁氧铜金型铁矿-Marcona铁矿和Pongo铁矿,分析了二者的成矿条件异同,利用地面磁测异常编写了Pongo地区磁异常构造纲要图,总结出了铁氧铜金型铁矿的磁异常特征,并对外围地区进行了成矿预测。
Iron is important material foundation for national economy and social development. With the development of national economy in recent years, the demand of the steel material is increasing quickly, the gap comparing internal production capacity of iron mine to the demand for iron mine stone in the steel industry become bigger. Facing this trend,"walking out" to explore and develop the foreign iron mine resources, building up a group of iron mine supply base overseas are pressing for our country's steel industry to acquire iron mine resources from foreign countries long-term, stably, safely, then lower the cost of the whole national economy develops. Peru is rich in iron resources, which is one of the most important investment target of China. Geophysical methods are rapid and effective ones for iron ore exploration. There is no comprehensive study of the geophysical method for iron ores exploration in Peru. It is an urgent need to do this work. Funded by Junefield Mining Institute in Central South University, the geophysical prospecting methods are studied for acquiring new advancement for iron ores exploration. The magnetic exploration method is primarily used, supplemented with IP methods. Because of special geological conditions, geophysical environment and large workload, particular characteristics are obvious in geophysical methods choice, data processing, conversions and interpretation. Methods are studied of the magnetic anomalies process and conversion methods, Dual-Frequency Induced Polarization information extraction methods and the data pre-process programming. The geophysical methods and technical procedures for iron ore exploration is summarized. Then work of metallogenic prognosis for different types of iron deposits is carried out in southern Peru.
Research are as follows:
It is introduced of distribution and types of iron ore resources in Peru, which is divided into three zones:the coastal zone of iron ore; the Andean zone of iron ore; the eastern zone of iron ore.
The structural information and outline map of aeromagnetic structure is prepared by a series of data processing and analysis work, including preprocessing aeromagnetic data, reduction to pole at low latitudes, inversed reduction to equator, derivation, continuation, gradient modules and so on. By analyzing the dependence between structure and iron ore, comparing aeromagnetic map and the known iron ores, perspective iron ores zones are outlined. Because of the large amount of magnetic surface profiling and data, the preprocessing of raw data is automated by coding the programs using VB and batch programming languages. Peru is located at low geomagnetic latitudes environment (-12°
Those are analyzed of the geophysical characteristics and potential reserves prospecting of two iron deposits. One type is hydrothermal contact metasomatic iron deposit, taking the Morritos iron deposit as an example.18covered veins are prospected. Another type is known as iron oxide copper-gold iron deposit, taking the Marcona and Pongo as examples. By analyzing similarities and differences of the two ores, making outline map of structures by processing ground magnetic survey data, the metallogenic prognosis in surrounding zones are carried out.
引文
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