基于ARM的新型远程配变监控终端研究与设计
摘要
我国经济的快速发展促进各行业对电力需求的飞速增长,电力需求侧管理随着电力系统管理的自动化而不断发展起来。用电现场负荷监控终端是电力需求侧管理的一个重要组成部分,它为有效利用能源、合理分配能源,鼓励用户均衡用电,实现电力需求侧科学管理提供了技术基础。
负荷监控终端利用微电子技术、电力电子技术和传感器技术对用电现场的各种电能参数进行采集和全方位监控,在电力需求侧管理中承担着重要角色。它为电力管理部门和用电企业间搭起了信息桥梁,不仅实时提供企业用电的各种信息,而且能够及时执行电力管理部门的远程命令,实现远程操作。电力管理部门向终端安排合理的用电方案,能够对企业的用电实现宏观调控,这对企业的长足发展和电力管理部门的合理调度电能有很好的推动作用。因此对负荷监控终端的研究具有重大的现实意义。
论文对目前国内外的负荷监控终端在的发展现状进行了概述,分析了负荷监控终端在国内的电力负荷管理技术中的地位和作用,以及当前负荷监控终端系统的技术水平和实现方法,在研究了终端设计多项技术的基础上,结合工程项目的要求对微处理器和操作系统进行了具体选型,设计了一种基于ARM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的配变监控终端,在基于ARM技术的LPC2124微处理器和外围接口芯片上,进行了终端系统的设计;实现了μCOS-Ⅱ在LPC2124MCU上的移植;编写了基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的API接口函数和底层硬件驱动程序;采用多任务按优先权调度的方式解决了任务处理的实时性,克服了传统前后台软件在复杂的监控终端设计中实时性差的弊端,实践证明用这种设计思想制作的配变监控终端能较好地满足工程应用实际需要。
With the rapid development of the economy of our country, the requirement of power increases quickly in all enterprises. Demand-Side Management(DSM) is developed with the development of power system management automation. The terminal of distributend and monitor in power consumption field is a important department of DSM, it is a usable technical bases that using energy validly, distributing energy reasonably, encouraging consumers using electronic equally and realizing power system management automation.
The terminal of distribute and monitor makes use of the technology of micro-electronics, power-electronics and sensor, which collect and control all kinds of electric power parameters of power consumption field, and it is a important part in the DSM. It is a message bridge between management part of electric-power and electric enterprise. Not only can it supply all kinds of message of usage electric enterprise on time, but also can it execute long-distance order of electric-power management part in time, realizing the long-distance operation. The electric-power management department arranges electro-project reasonably and can realize macroscopical control with electronic, which is a force to develop a enterprise and attemper electric-power reasonably in electric-power management part. Since the design of the terminal of distribute and monitor has wide forground.
The paper summarizes of the terminal on DSM in different countries analyses the status and function of the terminal on domestic DSM,and the technology level of the terminal and its design method.Based on the reaserch of many technology,we selects the microprocessor and operating system combined with the demand of the project and design a procedure presented on terminal which based on ARM andμC/OS-Π. It designs the terminal system based on the LPC2124 and periphery interface chipset;and implements the transplantation ofμC/OS-Πon the LPC2124;compiles the hardware drivers process and API interface function based onμC/OS-Π;the system introduces multitask based on dispatching priority to solve the disposal of project in real time,which cnquer the disadvantage of using common background system in design of the terminal of distribute and monitor. It is proved that the design of the terminal of distribute and monitor can meet the needs of project application.
负荷监控终端利用微电子技术、电力电子技术和传感器技术对用电现场的各种电能参数进行采集和全方位监控,在电力需求侧管理中承担着重要角色。它为电力管理部门和用电企业间搭起了信息桥梁,不仅实时提供企业用电的各种信息,而且能够及时执行电力管理部门的远程命令,实现远程操作。电力管理部门向终端安排合理的用电方案,能够对企业的用电实现宏观调控,这对企业的长足发展和电力管理部门的合理调度电能有很好的推动作用。因此对负荷监控终端的研究具有重大的现实意义。
论文对目前国内外的负荷监控终端在的发展现状进行了概述,分析了负荷监控终端在国内的电力负荷管理技术中的地位和作用,以及当前负荷监控终端系统的技术水平和实现方法,在研究了终端设计多项技术的基础上,结合工程项目的要求对微处理器和操作系统进行了具体选型,设计了一种基于ARM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的配变监控终端,在基于ARM技术的LPC2124微处理器和外围接口芯片上,进行了终端系统的设计;实现了μCOS-Ⅱ在LPC2124MCU上的移植;编写了基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的API接口函数和底层硬件驱动程序;采用多任务按优先权调度的方式解决了任务处理的实时性,克服了传统前后台软件在复杂的监控终端设计中实时性差的弊端,实践证明用这种设计思想制作的配变监控终端能较好地满足工程应用实际需要。
With the rapid development of the economy of our country, the requirement of power increases quickly in all enterprises. Demand-Side Management(DSM) is developed with the development of power system management automation. The terminal of distributend and monitor in power consumption field is a important department of DSM, it is a usable technical bases that using energy validly, distributing energy reasonably, encouraging consumers using electronic equally and realizing power system management automation.
The terminal of distribute and monitor makes use of the technology of micro-electronics, power-electronics and sensor, which collect and control all kinds of electric power parameters of power consumption field, and it is a important part in the DSM. It is a message bridge between management part of electric-power and electric enterprise. Not only can it supply all kinds of message of usage electric enterprise on time, but also can it execute long-distance order of electric-power management part in time, realizing the long-distance operation. The electric-power management department arranges electro-project reasonably and can realize macroscopical control with electronic, which is a force to develop a enterprise and attemper electric-power reasonably in electric-power management part. Since the design of the terminal of distribute and monitor has wide forground.
The paper summarizes of the terminal on DSM in different countries analyses the status and function of the terminal on domestic DSM,and the technology level of the terminal and its design method.Based on the reaserch of many technology,we selects the microprocessor and operating system combined with the demand of the project and design a procedure presented on terminal which based on ARM andμC/OS-Π. It designs the terminal system based on the LPC2124 and periphery interface chipset;and implements the transplantation ofμC/OS-Πon the LPC2124;compiles the hardware drivers process and API interface function based onμC/OS-Π;the system introduces multitask based on dispatching priority to solve the disposal of project in real time,which cnquer the disadvantage of using common background system in design of the terminal of distribute and monitor. It is proved that the design of the terminal of distribute and monitor can meet the needs of project application.
引文
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[2] 李均华,张驰.电力负荷管理系统的发展探讨.四川电力技术,2004,(3):53-54,57
[3] 桂志强.电力负荷管理系统的现状及发展.宁夏电力,2004,(3):36-37,49
[4] 曾鸣.电力需求侧管理.北京:中国电力出版社,2000:10-40
[5] 林扬字,李建新.2 种无线通信技术在负荷管理系统中的应用比较.电力需求侧管理,2005,7(2):55-57
[6] 周靖,李扬,金伟.新型电力负荷管理终端的设计与实现.电力需求侧管理,2005,7(4):37-39
[7] 化振谦.电力大客户负荷管理系统通信技术方案选择.贵州电力技术,2005,(6):42-44
[8] 赖国书.GPRS 在电力负荷管理中的应用.福州电脑,2005,(8):53-54
[9] 刘喜文,杨云艳.32 位嵌入式处理器的应用开发要点.电测与仪表,2004,41(3):6,39-40
[10] 周立功主编.ARM 微控制器基础与实战.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:117-118
[11] Jean J.Labrosse 著,邵贝贝等译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ(第 2版).北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003:1-3
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[13] 赵伟国,王文海,冯华.嵌入式系统在智能仪表的应用.自动化与仪表,2003,(04):55-57
[14] 沈绪榜,何立民.2001 嵌入式系统及单片机国际学术交流会论文集.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001:108-120
[15] Edward A. Lee. Embedded Software. Revised from UCB ERL Memorandum,2001, (11):61-65
[16] Johan Starner, Lars Asplund. Measuring the Cache Interference Cost inPreemptive RealTime Systems. ACM SIGPLAN Notices, 2004, 39(7):146-154
[17] Jean Labrosse, Michael Barr.嵌入式操作系统中的抢占式调度策略.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003,(9):5-7
[18] 马义德,刘映杰,张新国.嵌入式系统的现状及发展前景.信息技术,2001,(12):57-59
[19] 何荣森,何希顺,张跃.从 ARM 体系看嵌入式处理器的发展.微电子学与计算机,2005,(2):42-45
[20] 周洁,杨心怀.32 位 RISC CPU ARM 芯片的应用和选型.电子技术应用,2002,28(2):6-9
[21] 王艳松,朱素芳.嵌入式 ARM 处理器的选型及应用.计算机控制、监测与管理,2004,(10):65-67
[22] 刘岚,程莉.嵌入式系统硬件平台的选型研究.电信工程技术与标准化,2005,(2):51-54
[23] 宁勇.嵌入式操作系统综述.邵阳学院学报(自然科学版),2004,1(6):45-47
[24] 宁杰城,王春,周新志.ARM7 内核上的μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式系统移植.中国测试技术,2005,31(2):65-66
[25] 冉汉政.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS 在控制工程中的应用.现代电子技术,2003,156(13):84-86
[26] 熊志金,陈三宝,郭洪娜.嵌入式实时操作系统μCOS-II 在电力系统状态监控中的应用.电子质量,2003,(10):17-19
[27] 朱显新,黄涛卢,珞先.μC/OS 和μClinux 的比较.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004,(10):5-7
[28] 王铁勇,侯明善,吴盘龙.嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ的特点及应用.控制工程,2003,10(1):74-75,84
[29] 倪一鸣.基于μC/OS-Ⅱ 的网络控制系统通讯接口设计. 兵工自动化,2003,22(3):55-57
[30] 廖文良,褚艺斌,陈文芗.实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在 LPC2114 上的移植.微型机与应用,2005,24(8):59-61
[31] 倪敏,周怡廷页,杨继堂.μC/OS-Ⅱ的任务切换机理及中断调度优化.单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2004,(1):26-30
[32] 周立功主编.EasyARM2100 开发套件用户指南.广东:广州周立功单片机发展有限公司,2004:120-130
[33] 陈芳新,朱德森.嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ在 W77E58 上的应用.控制工程,2004,11(5):452-454
[34] ARM Corporation . ARM Architecture Reference Manual.www.zlgmcu.com/download/,2000-6-27
[35] (美)Jean j.Labrosse.Embedded Syetems Building Blocks,2E.北京:机械工业出版社,2002,201-210
[36] Liu , S . Real-time Embedded Systems Bate . Computing & ControlEngineering Journal,2002,13(6):235-246
[37] Stepner David,Rajan Nagarajan,Hui David.Embedded application designusing a real-time OS.Design Automation Conference, 1999,(6):151-156
[38] 李小将,樊天晴,胡正国.嵌入式系统在信息家电中的应用.计算机工程,2002,28(4):192-193,234
[39] 杨四海,马利.信息家电嵌入式系统选择方案.自动化技术与应用,2002,21(4):66-68
[40] 吴君钦,邹文强.基于 32 位 ARM 嵌入式处理器设计的电力测量分析仪.计算机测量与控制,2004,12(2):1002-1004
[41] Philips Semiconductors. The I2C-bus specification. www.standardics.philips.com/support/documents/I2C/, 2000-01-21
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