金属—树脂界面应力及结合强度的研究
|
摘要
The purpose of the study is to investigate the distribution of stress at metal-resin, and the relatien ship between the stress and configuration of metal surface, setting tenperature , thermocycling, kind and quantity of resin material and extrapressure.
a set of Digaital Strain Indicator was used in the study the samples were prepared according to the situations of clinical restorations and abutment teeth.
The following main conclusions can be drawn:
(1) For the resin mass unrestrained the stress concentrates on the sharp margin of it ,while the stress of metal-resin interface fakes place along tha long axile of samples,but for the rounded samples there is no difference whether at central or at margin points.
(2) The stress of convex metal surface composited with resin is much lower (153.45MPa)than that of concave surface (17.16MPa).
(3) The depth and the protrusive angle of a cavity have a positive relationship with interface stress ,but the width and the concave angle have a negafive one.
(4) Anong the three treatment methods of metal surface, the stress of metal-resin interface roughened by lost crystal salt is higher than that of sandlasting and control groups .But affer thermocycling, the result shows that thefomer has a surper resistance to the change of temperature.
(5) The round interface of metal-resin has a higher stress than that of the opened in those stright line samples.
(6) For the resin of samples set at a higher enviroment temperature, thein(?)interfaces appear to have a much higher stress than that set at a normal temperature.
(7) The extrapressure can frozen partial stress on the mefal-resin
引文
1. Graig RG etat, Restorative Dental MateriaLs 7th ed. S T Louis, The C. V. Mosby Co 1985 P62
2. Bowen RL etal: Adbesive bonding of Various materials to hard tooth tissuesforces developing in direct—filling materials during hardening J. A. D. A. 1967 74: 439-45
3. Bowen RL: Adhesive bonding sf various materials to hard tooth tissues. Ⅵ Forces developing in composite materiaLs during hardening J. A. D. A. 1983, 106: 457-7
4. Asmussen E: Composite restorative resins composition versus wall-to-wall potymerizaiton contruction Acta Odont Scand 1975, 33, 337-44
5. Bausch, JR etal: Clinic significance of potymerizatoon shrinkage of compostie resins J. Phosth Dent 1982 48(1): 59-67
6. Feitzer, AJ etal: Setting stress in composite resin in relation to configuration of the restoration. J Dent Res 1987, 66(11): 1636
7. Davidson, CL etal: The composition between the composite-denfin bond strength and the polymerization controction stress J. Dent Res 1984 63(12): 1396-9
8. Davidson, CL etat: Relaxation of potymerization contrnction stress by flowin dental composites J. Dent Res 1984 63(2): 146-8
9. Plainfied, Setat: A strees-retieved resin-brnded fixed partial denture. J Prosth, Dent 1989, 61: 291-3
10. Glantz, PO etal: On functional strain in fixed mandibular recontrnctions I, An in vitro study Acta-Ondotot Scand 1984, 42(4): 241-9
11. WaLton, TR etat Thermal stress failure of Porcelain bonded to a pattadium-silver alloy. J Dent Res. 1985, 64(3): 467-80
12. 刘鸿文：材料力学(上册)一版 北京：人民卫生出版社 1980，P37—47
13. 浙江大学主编 材料力学(上册) 北京：人民教育出版社 1979, P14—47
14. Tanaka, T: Spherical Powder for retaining thermosetting acrylic resin veneers. J Prosth. Dent, 1978, 39(3): 295-303
15. Mc Cabe, JF: Andersons Applied Dental Materials 6th ed Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications
16. Phillips, RW: Elements of Dentat Materiats 4th ed, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co 1984 P23-27
17. Jorgenson KD et al: Enamel damages cused by contracting restorative resinsScand J Dent Res 1975. 83: 120-28(4): 1-5
18．周定沛 粘结配位键机理的实验研究(二) 环氧胶对金属的粘结 粘结 1987 8(4)：1-5
19. 王龙甫：弹性理论 2版 北京：科学出版社 1984，P486
20. 魏宝明：金属腐蚀理论及应用 北京：化学工业出版社 1984, P158
21. Bowen, RL etal: Hardening shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of compositeresins J. Dent Res 1982, 61(5): 654-8
22. 郑增葵：口腔矫形材料学 第四军医大学口腔系 1984，P45—71
23. Asmussen, E: Composite versus wall-to-watt polymerization contruction. Acta 1975, 33: 337-44 Odont Scand.
24. Kemp-Schotte CHM etal: Marginal sealing in relation to curing contraction. J. Dent Res 1983 66: 269
25．蒋继英：树脂与填料的相溶性研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编1989，P108
26. Bowen RL etal: Properties of silica-reinforced polymer for dental restoratlons, J. A. D. A. 1963, 66: 57
27．赵信义等：可见光固化复合树脂收缩的研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P110
28. Rose E, Ernest Lat J etal: Direct resin filling materials: coefficient of thermal expansion and water sorption of polymethyl methacrylate. J, Dent Res 1955, 589-98
29. Craig RG etal: Restorative Dental MateriaLs 7th ed ST Louis the C V MosbyCo 1985, P469-70
30. Davidson Cl: Resisting the curing contraction with adhesive composite J. Prosth Dent 1986, 55(4): 446-7
31．何白天等：高分子力学阻尼材料的研究Ⅰ，高分子通讯 1986，1：30—5
32. Macchi RL etal: Physical and mechanical properties of composite restorative materials JADA 1969, 78: 328-34
33. Monies G GM etal: Slow crack propagation in composite restorative materials J Boimedical Materials Res 1987, 21(5)629-42
34. Asmussen E: The effect of temperature change on adaptation of resin fillings Ⅱ Acta Odont Scand 1974, 32: 291-7
35. Ruyter IE etat: Remaining methacrylate groups in composite restorative materials Acta Odont scand 1978, 36: 75-82
36. de Lanpe G etal: The fluence of shelf-life and storape conditions on somemechnical properties of dental composites J. Prosth dent 1983, 50(2):
37. Bowen RL: Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues Forces develops in direct-filling materials during harding JADA. 1967 74: 439
38. Kemp-Scholte CM etal: Marpinal sealing in relation to curing contraction J Dent Res 1987, 66: 269 Abst no 1300
39. Jacobsen PH, Working time of polymeric materials J. Dent Res 1976, 55: 244
40. Brauer GM: Storage stabltity of dental composite J. Dent Res 1979, 58: 1791
41．王龙甫：弹性理论 二版 北京，科学出版社 1984，P325—334
42．晨光化工厂：塑料测试 第一版 燃料化学工业出版社 1973
43. Grim GC etal: Microteakage: The effect of storage and cycling duration J Prosth, Dent 1987, 57(5)574-6
44．刘生福；热分析技术在胶接剂研究中的应用(综述)粘结 1987，8(4)22—7
45．孟繁涛等 胶接接头耐久性综合研究 西北工业大学 高分子材料系论文 1988，P41
46. Craig RG etal Restorative Dental Materials 7th ed ST Louis The CV Mosby Co 1985, P231
47. Bowen RL etal: Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues: forces devoloping in composite materials during harding J ADA 1983, 106: 475-7
48. Duncanson M G Jr etal: Compressive stress relaxation measurements of selected dental restorative composites. J. Biomch 1984, 17(7)533-5
49. Rupp NW: Clinical placement and performance of composite resin restorations J Dent Res 1979, 58, 1551
50. Lee HE etal: Differences in physical properties of composite dental restoratives: Suggested causes clinical effects J Oral Rehabil 1977, 44: 227-36
51. Lamberfchts P etal: Conventional, and microfllmed composite resins Part Chip Fractures J Prosth Dent 1982. 48: 527-38
52. de Gee etal: A mdified dilatometer for continuous recording of volumetricplymerization shrinkage of composite restorative materials J. Dent 1981, 9: 36-42
53. Walton TR etal: Thermal stress failure of porcelain bonded to a Palladium-Silver Alloy J. Dent Rse 1985 64(3): 476-80
54. Bikerman JJ: the Science of Adhesive Joints NY 101 Acadmic Press 1961
55．雷亚超等，金瓷膨胀对PFM修复体热稳定性的影响 西安全国首届修复学组学术全议论文汇编 1989，10．P53
56. Hansen EK: Contraction pattrn of composite resins in dentin cavites Scanet J. Dent Rse 1982, 90: 480-3
57. Hansen Ek et al: Cavity preparation for restorative resins used with dentinadhesives Scand J. dent Rse 1985 93: 474-9
58．马轩祥等 牙用粘结材料对酸蚀牙釉质粘结力的研究 中华口腔科杂志 1984：140—2
59. Jorgensen KD ental: Deformation of cavities and resin filling in loaded teeth Scand J Bent Rse 1976, 84: 46-50
60．余卓琛：口腔医用高分子材料重庆医药编辑组 1980
61．张武等：显微激光分析仪及其在高分子中的应用 西北工业大学学报1989，7(2)：215—22
62. Duncanson MG Jr etal: Compressive stress relaxation measurements of selected dental restorative composites J. Biomech 1984 17(7)533-5
63. Trond Hegdahl etal: Contraction stress of composite resin filling materiats Acta Odont Scand 1977, 35: 191-5
64. Peutzfeldt A etal: Silicoating: evaluation of a new method of bonding composite resin to meter Scand J. Dent Rse 1988, 96: 171-6
65．顾先稳：硬质合金表面处理及其对粘结强度的影响粘结 1987，8(2)：22
66. Plainfield S etal: A stress-relived resin-bonded fixed partial denture J. Prosth Dent 1989 61: 291-3
67．柯毓才：过剩热焓松弛CO_2和甲苯在PET薄膜中渗透的影响 高分子通讯1986，4：245—50
68. Do Hoff PH etal: Anatysis of thermally-induced stress in porcelain-metal systems 1983,62(5): 539-7
69. Glantz PO etal: On functional strain in fixed mandibular reconstructions IAn in vito study Actal Oudont Scand 1984, 42(4): 241-9
70．天津大学材料力学教研室：电阻应变仪测试技术 北京 科学出版社 1980，P4．39，128，149，237，300
71．赵云凤：光弹性应力分析在口腔修复学研究中的应用(综述) 国外医学口腔分明1989 16(1)：211—8
72．王龙甫：弹性理论二版 北京 科学出版社 1984，P432—477
73. Mahler DB etal: Photoetasticity as a reseurch technique for anatysizing stress in dental struetures J. Dent Res 1955, 34: 831-88
74．张武：参与式高分辨率用激光光学分析仪，发明专利公报 第4卷 第16号，GK86106782，1988，4
75．张武等：显微激光分析仪及其在高分子中的应用 西北工业大学学报 1989，7(2)：215—22
76．张武等：用显微激光分析仪研究实验复合树脂的内部应力(一)上册 西安 第五届全国复合材料学术会议论文集 1988，291—6
77. Leempoel PJB: Types of patients with crowns in general dental practices Jof Oral Rehabilltation 1987, 14(6): 623
78．王惠芸等：口腔解剖生理组织病理学 西安 第四军医大学训练部 1981，8
79．施长溪等：口腔科粘结学 西安 陕西科学技术出版社 1986，8
80. Willies V D etal: Cast metat, resin-bonded prostheses, A 10-year retrospective study J Prosth Bent 1989, 61(4): 436-41
81．巢永烈等：金属翼板粘结桥脱落的原因分析 华西口腔医学杂志 1988，6(4)：238—40
82. Tanaka T etal: Surface treatment of nonprecious alloys for adhesion-fixed partial dentures J prosth Dent 1986, 55(4): 456-62
83. Livadifis G J: A chemical etching, system for creating micromechanical retention in resin-bonded retainer J Prosth Dent 1986, 56(2): 181-8
84. Barzitay I etal: Mechanical and chemical retention of laboratory cured cemposite to metal surface J Prosth Dent 1988, 59(2): 131-6
85. Anthony HL etal: Bond strength of composite to metal mediated by metal adhesive promoters J Prosth Bent 1987, 57(5): 550-4
86. Tateghani M etal: An alternative to cast etched retainer J Prosth Dent 1987, 58(4): 424-8
87．胡家琨等：不需作电解蚀刻的金属粘结桥 现代口腔医学杂志 1988，2(4)：243
88. Shue SL etal: The effect metal retentive designs on resin veneer retentionJ Prosth Dent 1987, 58(3): 297-305
89. Moon PC: Outline for learning the Viginia resin bonded bridge procedure 1984
90. Moon PC: The laboratory procedue for the Viginia Resin Bonded Bridge Trends & Technignes 1985, 22-4
91. Hudgins TL etal: Particle roughened resin-bonded retainers J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53(4): 471-6
92．三金工业株式会社；使用方法
93. Howe DF etal Anterior fixed partial dentures utilizing the acid etch technigue and a cast metal fraework J. Prosth Dent 1977, 37: 28-31
94. WG-Silicoater Kulzer Company: Siticoater Direction
95. Yoshiaki T ANT: Adhesion to tooth strueture: J of the Adhesion Society of Japan 1977 13(4): 491
96．张胜楷：牙与粘结—关于酸蚀以牙釉质为中心的有关粘结问题(综述) 四川医学院参加全国首届口腔矫形学术讨论会论文，1979，98—117
97．宋维锡等：金属学 北京 冶金工业出版社 1980，P393—4
98. Thompson VP etal: Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening J. Dent Res 1979, 58: 1522-32
99．谢贺明等：各种聚合方法的复合树脂材料学性能的研究 西安 全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P105
100. Zidan O etal: Tensite strength of restorative resins Scand J dent Res 1980, 88: 285-9
101. Donovan TE etal: Physical Preporties of acylicresin polymerized by four different techniques J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53(4): 522-4
102．阳小军：不同填料类型复合树脂的磨耗实验研究 西安 全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P108
103. Simonsen R etal: Etched cast restorations Chicago: Quintessence 1983 84-9
104. Kelly R etal: Nonprecious alloys for use in fixed peosthodontics J. ProsthDent 1953, 49: 363
105. Livaditis GJ etal: Etched casting, An improved resin-bonded retainers J. Prosth Dent 1982, 47: 52
106. Tanaka T et al: Pitting corrosion for retaining acrylic facings J. Prosth Dent 1979, 42: 282
107．蔡武峰：几种环氧胶胶接头耐久性试验 粘结 1987，8(2)
108．于欣毅：金属翼板粘结桥金属树脂界面粘结强度的研究 临床口腔医学杂志1988，4(2)：108-9
109．马轩祥等：提高铸造金属与丙烯酸树脂结合强度的新方法—失晶粗化法的研究(Ⅱ) 西安 全国首届修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P88
110. Brady T etal: Experimental comparison between perforated and etched-metalresin-bonded retainers J Prosth Dent 1985, 54: 361-5
111. LiVaditis GJ: Cast metal resin-bonded retainers for posterior teeth J. ADA 1980, 101: 926-9
112. Mclaughlin G etal: Comparison of bond strengths using one-step and two-step alloy etching technigues J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53: 516-20
113. Thompson VP etal: Resin bond to electrolyticly etched nonprecious alloysfor resin-bonded prostheses J Dent Res 1981, Spec Issue No 265
114. Nathanson D etal: Metal-reinforced anterior tooth replacement using acid-etched-composite resin technigue J. Prosth Dent 1980, 43(4): 408-12
115．Kirner K 等离子喷涂单独的陶瓷体 长沙科技 1984年增刊 第九届国际热喷涂年会论文选编P5—10
116．Steffens H-D 热喷涂技术的的展望 第10届国际热喷涂会议论文集全国热喷涂协作组编译 北京 1984，P1—20
117．Putzier etal：热喷涂质量控制 第九届国际热喷涂年会论文选编1984，P41—8
118. Yu X Y etal: Further study of chemically coupled resin bonded restorations Quint Int 1987, 18: 712-21
119. Nakabayashi N: Bonding of restorative materialsto dentine: The present status in Japan Int Dent J. 1985, 35, 145-54
120. Noort RV etal: Dental Materials: 1987 Literature review J. Dent 1989, 17(1): 1-20
121. Calamia JR etal: Effect of coupling agents on the bond strength of etchedporcelain J. Dent Res (special issue): 1984, 179 Abst no 79
122. Moon PC: Bond strength of the lost salt procedure, A new retention methodfor resin-bonded fixed prostheses J Prosth Dent 1987, 57(4): 435-41
123．天津大学材料力学教研室电测组编著：电阻应交仪测试技术 北京：科学出版社1980，P139
124. Smith DL etal: Direct filling resins: dimensionsl changes resulting from polymerization shrinkage end water sorption J A D A 1953, 46: 540-4
125．周定沛：粘结配位键机理的实验研究(Ⅰ) 粘结 1987，8(1)1—5
126．于欣毅等：非贵金属电解蚀刻后的金属—树脂粘结强度 中华口腔医学杂志1988，23(2)：85—6
127．Timoshenvio S etal：材料力学 一版 北京：科学出版社 1978，P55—83
128. Craig RG etal: Restoration Dental Materiats 7th ed. ST Louis: The CV MosbyCo. 1985, P64-71
129．谢贺明等：EM型牙釉质粘结剂的研制(摘要) 西安：复合树脂在口腔医学中的应用学术会议论文汇编 1987，P49
130．胡琳等：医学统计学 第四军医大学 1985，P99—160
131．徐君伍主编：口腔修复学 第四军医大学 1989
132. Tanava T etal: 4META opaque resin-A new resin strongly adhesive to NikelChromium Alloy J. Prosth Dent 1989, 60: 1697
133．马轩祥等：新型牙科粘结剂—EM粘结剂粘结性能的研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P107
134. Hanson EK: Effect of Scotchborel dependent on cavity cleaning, cavity diameter and cavosurface angle Scand J. Dent Res 1984, 92: 141-7
135. Lambrechts P etal: The use of glazing materials for finishing dental composite resin surfaces J Oral Rehabil 1982 9: 107-17
136. Baush JR etal: The influence of temperature on some physical properties of dental composites J of Rehabilitation 1981, 8: 309-17
137．长崎诚三等：金属知识大全 北京：科学普及出版社 1983，P194—5
138. Doukoudakis A etal: A new chemical method for etching metal framework ofthe acid etched prosthesis J Prosth Dent 1987, 58(4): 421-3
139. Rochette AL: Attachment of a splint to enamel of Lower anterior teeth J Prosth Dent 1973 30, 418-83
140. K Ekstrand etat, Etching patterns of Co-Cr alloys for bonded cast restorations J Prosth Dent 1987, 66(9): 479-84
141. Thomson VP etal Resin-bonded retainers Part Ⅰ: Resin bond to elecrrolytically etched nonprecious alloy J Prosth Dent 1983, 50: 771-9
142. Thompson VP: Electrdyticetching mode of various NP alloys for resin bonding [Abst] J Dent Res 1982 61: 185
143. Moon PC etal: Acid etched bridge bond strength utilziing a new retentionmethod J Dent Res 1983, IADR [Abst] 296 V6O P68
144. Hill J etal: Bond strengths of etched base metats: effeets of erros in surface area estimation J Prosth Dent 1986, 56: 41-6
145．李小东：湿气和水份对胶接界面的影响 粘结 1987，8(5)：28
146. Craig R etal: Measurement of stresses in fixed-bridge restorations usingabrittle coating technigne J Dent. Res 1965, 44: 756-62
147. Monsanto Company UK: Tensometer W, Instruction manual & Technical Bulletin
148. Nagata K etal: Influence of 4META on composite subjected to hydrothermalcycling J Biomedical Res 1985, 19(6): 631-42
149．马轩祥等：失晶粗化法提高金—塑界面结合强度 上海：中国第一届青年口腔医师学术讨论会论文汇编 1989，P100
2. Bowen RL etal: Adbesive bonding of Various materials to hard tooth tissuesforces developing in direct—filling materials during hardening J. A. D. A. 1967 74: 439-45
3. Bowen RL: Adhesive bonding sf various materials to hard tooth tissues. Ⅵ Forces developing in composite materiaLs during hardening J. A. D. A. 1983, 106: 457-7
4. Asmussen E: Composite restorative resins composition versus wall-to-wall potymerizaiton contruction Acta Odont Scand 1975, 33, 337-44
5. Bausch, JR etal: Clinic significance of potymerizatoon shrinkage of compostie resins J. Phosth Dent 1982 48(1): 59-67
6. Feitzer, AJ etal: Setting stress in composite resin in relation to configuration of the restoration. J Dent Res 1987, 66(11): 1636
7. Davidson, CL etal: The composition between the composite-denfin bond strength and the polymerization controction stress J. Dent Res 1984 63(12): 1396-9
8. Davidson, CL etat: Relaxation of potymerization contrnction stress by flowin dental composites J. Dent Res 1984 63(2): 146-8
9. Plainfied, Setat: A strees-retieved resin-brnded fixed partial denture. J Prosth, Dent 1989, 61: 291-3
10. Glantz, PO etal: On functional strain in fixed mandibular recontrnctions I, An in vitro study Acta-Ondotot Scand 1984, 42(4): 241-9
11. WaLton, TR etat Thermal stress failure of Porcelain bonded to a pattadium-silver alloy. J Dent Res. 1985, 64(3): 467-80
12. 刘鸿文：材料力学(上册)一版 北京：人民卫生出版社 1980，P37—47
13. 浙江大学主编 材料力学(上册) 北京：人民教育出版社 1979, P14—47
14. Tanaka, T: Spherical Powder for retaining thermosetting acrylic resin veneers. J Prosth. Dent, 1978, 39(3): 295-303
15. Mc Cabe, JF: Andersons Applied Dental Materials 6th ed Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications
16. Phillips, RW: Elements of Dentat Materiats 4th ed, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co 1984 P23-27
17. Jorgenson KD et al: Enamel damages cused by contracting restorative resinsScand J Dent Res 1975. 83: 120-28(4): 1-5
18．周定沛 粘结配位键机理的实验研究(二) 环氧胶对金属的粘结 粘结 1987 8(4)：1-5
19. 王龙甫：弹性理论 2版 北京：科学出版社 1984，P486
20. 魏宝明：金属腐蚀理论及应用 北京：化学工业出版社 1984, P158
21. Bowen, RL etal: Hardening shrinkage and hygroscopic expansion of compositeresins J. Dent Res 1982, 61(5): 654-8
22. 郑增葵：口腔矫形材料学 第四军医大学口腔系 1984，P45—71
23. Asmussen, E: Composite versus wall-to-watt polymerization contruction. Acta 1975, 33: 337-44 Odont Scand.
24. Kemp-Schotte CHM etal: Marginal sealing in relation to curing contraction. J. Dent Res 1983 66: 269
25．蒋继英：树脂与填料的相溶性研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编1989，P108
26. Bowen RL etal: Properties of silica-reinforced polymer for dental restoratlons, J. A. D. A. 1963, 66: 57
27．赵信义等：可见光固化复合树脂收缩的研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P110
28. Rose E, Ernest Lat J etal: Direct resin filling materials: coefficient of thermal expansion and water sorption of polymethyl methacrylate. J, Dent Res 1955, 589-98
29. Craig RG etal: Restorative Dental MateriaLs 7th ed ST Louis the C V MosbyCo 1985, P469-70
30. Davidson Cl: Resisting the curing contraction with adhesive composite J. Prosth Dent 1986, 55(4): 446-7
31．何白天等：高分子力学阻尼材料的研究Ⅰ，高分子通讯 1986，1：30—5
32. Macchi RL etal: Physical and mechanical properties of composite restorative materials JADA 1969, 78: 328-34
33. Monies G GM etal: Slow crack propagation in composite restorative materials J Boimedical Materials Res 1987, 21(5)629-42
34. Asmussen E: The effect of temperature change on adaptation of resin fillings Ⅱ Acta Odont Scand 1974, 32: 291-7
35. Ruyter IE etat: Remaining methacrylate groups in composite restorative materials Acta Odont scand 1978, 36: 75-82
36. de Lanpe G etal: The fluence of shelf-life and storape conditions on somemechnical properties of dental composites J. Prosth dent 1983, 50(2):
37. Bowen RL: Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues Forces develops in direct-filling materials during harding JADA. 1967 74: 439
38. Kemp-Scholte CM etal: Marpinal sealing in relation to curing contraction J Dent Res 1987, 66: 269 Abst no 1300
39. Jacobsen PH, Working time of polymeric materials J. Dent Res 1976, 55: 244
40. Brauer GM: Storage stabltity of dental composite J. Dent Res 1979, 58: 1791
41．王龙甫：弹性理论 二版 北京，科学出版社 1984，P325—334
42．晨光化工厂：塑料测试 第一版 燃料化学工业出版社 1973
43. Grim GC etal: Microteakage: The effect of storage and cycling duration J Prosth, Dent 1987, 57(5)574-6
44．刘生福；热分析技术在胶接剂研究中的应用(综述)粘结 1987，8(4)22—7
45．孟繁涛等 胶接接头耐久性综合研究 西北工业大学 高分子材料系论文 1988，P41
46. Craig RG etal Restorative Dental Materials 7th ed ST Louis The CV Mosby Co 1985, P231
47. Bowen RL etal: Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues: forces devoloping in composite materials during harding J ADA 1983, 106: 475-7
48. Duncanson M G Jr etal: Compressive stress relaxation measurements of selected dental restorative composites. J. Biomch 1984, 17(7)533-5
49. Rupp NW: Clinical placement and performance of composite resin restorations J Dent Res 1979, 58, 1551
50. Lee HE etal: Differences in physical properties of composite dental restoratives: Suggested causes clinical effects J Oral Rehabil 1977, 44: 227-36
51. Lamberfchts P etal: Conventional, and microfllmed composite resins Part Chip Fractures J Prosth Dent 1982. 48: 527-38
52. de Gee etal: A mdified dilatometer for continuous recording of volumetricplymerization shrinkage of composite restorative materials J. Dent 1981, 9: 36-42
53. Walton TR etal: Thermal stress failure of porcelain bonded to a Palladium-Silver Alloy J. Dent Rse 1985 64(3): 476-80
54. Bikerman JJ: the Science of Adhesive Joints NY 101 Acadmic Press 1961
55．雷亚超等，金瓷膨胀对PFM修复体热稳定性的影响 西安全国首届修复学组学术全议论文汇编 1989，10．P53
56. Hansen EK: Contraction pattrn of composite resins in dentin cavites Scanet J. Dent Rse 1982, 90: 480-3
57. Hansen Ek et al: Cavity preparation for restorative resins used with dentinadhesives Scand J. dent Rse 1985 93: 474-9
58．马轩祥等 牙用粘结材料对酸蚀牙釉质粘结力的研究 中华口腔科杂志 1984：140—2
59. Jorgensen KD ental: Deformation of cavities and resin filling in loaded teeth Scand J Bent Rse 1976, 84: 46-50
60．余卓琛：口腔医用高分子材料重庆医药编辑组 1980
61．张武等：显微激光分析仪及其在高分子中的应用 西北工业大学学报1989，7(2)：215—22
62. Duncanson MG Jr etal: Compressive stress relaxation measurements of selected dental restorative composites J. Biomech 1984 17(7)533-5
63. Trond Hegdahl etal: Contraction stress of composite resin filling materiats Acta Odont Scand 1977, 35: 191-5
64. Peutzfeldt A etal: Silicoating: evaluation of a new method of bonding composite resin to meter Scand J. Dent Rse 1988, 96: 171-6
65．顾先稳：硬质合金表面处理及其对粘结强度的影响粘结 1987，8(2)：22
66. Plainfield S etal: A stress-relived resin-bonded fixed partial denture J. Prosth Dent 1989 61: 291-3
67．柯毓才：过剩热焓松弛CO_2和甲苯在PET薄膜中渗透的影响 高分子通讯1986，4：245—50
68. Do Hoff PH etal: Anatysis of thermally-induced stress in porcelain-metal systems 1983,62(5): 539-7
69. Glantz PO etal: On functional strain in fixed mandibular reconstructions IAn in vito study Actal Oudont Scand 1984, 42(4): 241-9
70．天津大学材料力学教研室：电阻应变仪测试技术 北京 科学出版社 1980，P4．39，128，149，237，300
71．赵云凤：光弹性应力分析在口腔修复学研究中的应用(综述) 国外医学口腔分明1989 16(1)：211—8
72．王龙甫：弹性理论二版 北京 科学出版社 1984，P432—477
73. Mahler DB etal: Photoetasticity as a reseurch technique for anatysizing stress in dental struetures J. Dent Res 1955, 34: 831-88
74．张武：参与式高分辨率用激光光学分析仪，发明专利公报 第4卷 第16号，GK86106782，1988，4
75．张武等：显微激光分析仪及其在高分子中的应用 西北工业大学学报 1989，7(2)：215—22
76．张武等：用显微激光分析仪研究实验复合树脂的内部应力(一)上册 西安 第五届全国复合材料学术会议论文集 1988，291—6
77. Leempoel PJB: Types of patients with crowns in general dental practices Jof Oral Rehabilltation 1987, 14(6): 623
78．王惠芸等：口腔解剖生理组织病理学 西安 第四军医大学训练部 1981，8
79．施长溪等：口腔科粘结学 西安 陕西科学技术出版社 1986，8
80. Willies V D etal: Cast metat, resin-bonded prostheses, A 10-year retrospective study J Prosth Bent 1989, 61(4): 436-41
81．巢永烈等：金属翼板粘结桥脱落的原因分析 华西口腔医学杂志 1988，6(4)：238—40
82. Tanaka T etal: Surface treatment of nonprecious alloys for adhesion-fixed partial dentures J prosth Dent 1986, 55(4): 456-62
83. Livadifis G J: A chemical etching, system for creating micromechanical retention in resin-bonded retainer J Prosth Dent 1986, 56(2): 181-8
84. Barzitay I etal: Mechanical and chemical retention of laboratory cured cemposite to metal surface J Prosth Dent 1988, 59(2): 131-6
85. Anthony HL etal: Bond strength of composite to metal mediated by metal adhesive promoters J Prosth Bent 1987, 57(5): 550-4
86. Tateghani M etal: An alternative to cast etched retainer J Prosth Dent 1987, 58(4): 424-8
87．胡家琨等：不需作电解蚀刻的金属粘结桥 现代口腔医学杂志 1988，2(4)：243
88. Shue SL etal: The effect metal retentive designs on resin veneer retentionJ Prosth Dent 1987, 58(3): 297-305
89. Moon PC: Outline for learning the Viginia resin bonded bridge procedure 1984
90. Moon PC: The laboratory procedue for the Viginia Resin Bonded Bridge Trends & Technignes 1985, 22-4
91. Hudgins TL etal: Particle roughened resin-bonded retainers J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53(4): 471-6
92．三金工业株式会社；使用方法
93. Howe DF etal Anterior fixed partial dentures utilizing the acid etch technigue and a cast metal fraework J. Prosth Dent 1977, 37: 28-31
94. WG-Silicoater Kulzer Company: Siticoater Direction
95. Yoshiaki T ANT: Adhesion to tooth strueture: J of the Adhesion Society of Japan 1977 13(4): 491
96．张胜楷：牙与粘结—关于酸蚀以牙釉质为中心的有关粘结问题(综述) 四川医学院参加全国首届口腔矫形学术讨论会论文，1979，98—117
97．宋维锡等：金属学 北京 冶金工业出版社 1980，P393—4
98. Thompson VP etal: Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening J. Dent Res 1979, 58: 1522-32
99．谢贺明等：各种聚合方法的复合树脂材料学性能的研究 西安 全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P105
100. Zidan O etal: Tensite strength of restorative resins Scand J dent Res 1980, 88: 285-9
101. Donovan TE etal: Physical Preporties of acylicresin polymerized by four different techniques J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53(4): 522-4
102．阳小军：不同填料类型复合树脂的磨耗实验研究 西安 全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P108
103. Simonsen R etal: Etched cast restorations Chicago: Quintessence 1983 84-9
104. Kelly R etal: Nonprecious alloys for use in fixed peosthodontics J. ProsthDent 1953, 49: 363
105. Livaditis GJ etal: Etched casting, An improved resin-bonded retainers J. Prosth Dent 1982, 47: 52
106. Tanaka T et al: Pitting corrosion for retaining acrylic facings J. Prosth Dent 1979, 42: 282
107．蔡武峰：几种环氧胶胶接头耐久性试验 粘结 1987，8(2)
108．于欣毅：金属翼板粘结桥金属树脂界面粘结强度的研究 临床口腔医学杂志1988，4(2)：108-9
109．马轩祥等：提高铸造金属与丙烯酸树脂结合强度的新方法—失晶粗化法的研究(Ⅱ) 西安 全国首届修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P88
110. Brady T etal: Experimental comparison between perforated and etched-metalresin-bonded retainers J Prosth Dent 1985, 54: 361-5
111. LiVaditis GJ: Cast metal resin-bonded retainers for posterior teeth J. ADA 1980, 101: 926-9
112. Mclaughlin G etal: Comparison of bond strengths using one-step and two-step alloy etching technigues J. Prosth Dent 1985, 53: 516-20
113. Thompson VP etal: Resin bond to electrolyticly etched nonprecious alloysfor resin-bonded prostheses J Dent Res 1981, Spec Issue No 265
114. Nathanson D etal: Metal-reinforced anterior tooth replacement using acid-etched-composite resin technigue J. Prosth Dent 1980, 43(4): 408-12
115．Kirner K 等离子喷涂单独的陶瓷体 长沙科技 1984年增刊 第九届国际热喷涂年会论文选编P5—10
116．Steffens H-D 热喷涂技术的的展望 第10届国际热喷涂会议论文集全国热喷涂协作组编译 北京 1984，P1—20
117．Putzier etal：热喷涂质量控制 第九届国际热喷涂年会论文选编1984，P41—8
118. Yu X Y etal: Further study of chemically coupled resin bonded restorations Quint Int 1987, 18: 712-21
119. Nakabayashi N: Bonding of restorative materialsto dentine: The present status in Japan Int Dent J. 1985, 35, 145-54
120. Noort RV etal: Dental Materials: 1987 Literature review J. Dent 1989, 17(1): 1-20
121. Calamia JR etal: Effect of coupling agents on the bond strength of etchedporcelain J. Dent Res (special issue): 1984, 179 Abst no 79
122. Moon PC: Bond strength of the lost salt procedure, A new retention methodfor resin-bonded fixed prostheses J Prosth Dent 1987, 57(4): 435-41
123．天津大学材料力学教研室电测组编著：电阻应交仪测试技术 北京：科学出版社1980，P139
124. Smith DL etal: Direct filling resins: dimensionsl changes resulting from polymerization shrinkage end water sorption J A D A 1953, 46: 540-4
125．周定沛：粘结配位键机理的实验研究(Ⅰ) 粘结 1987，8(1)1—5
126．于欣毅等：非贵金属电解蚀刻后的金属—树脂粘结强度 中华口腔医学杂志1988，23(2)：85—6
127．Timoshenvio S etal：材料力学 一版 北京：科学出版社 1978，P55—83
128. Craig RG etal: Restoration Dental Materiats 7th ed. ST Louis: The CV MosbyCo. 1985, P64-71
129．谢贺明等：EM型牙釉质粘结剂的研制(摘要) 西安：复合树脂在口腔医学中的应用学术会议论文汇编 1987，P49
130．胡琳等：医学统计学 第四军医大学 1985，P99—160
131．徐君伍主编：口腔修复学 第四军医大学 1989
132. Tanava T etal: 4META opaque resin-A new resin strongly adhesive to NikelChromium Alloy J. Prosth Dent 1989, 60: 1697
133．马轩祥等：新型牙科粘结剂—EM粘结剂粘结性能的研究 西安：全国首届口腔修复学组学术会议论文汇编 1989，P107
134. Hanson EK: Effect of Scotchborel dependent on cavity cleaning, cavity diameter and cavosurface angle Scand J. Dent Res 1984, 92: 141-7
135. Lambrechts P etal: The use of glazing materials for finishing dental composite resin surfaces J Oral Rehabil 1982 9: 107-17
136. Baush JR etal: The influence of temperature on some physical properties of dental composites J of Rehabilitation 1981, 8: 309-17
137．长崎诚三等：金属知识大全 北京：科学普及出版社 1983，P194—5
138. Doukoudakis A etal: A new chemical method for etching metal framework ofthe acid etched prosthesis J Prosth Dent 1987, 58(4): 421-3
139. Rochette AL: Attachment of a splint to enamel of Lower anterior teeth J Prosth Dent 1973 30, 418-83
140. K Ekstrand etat, Etching patterns of Co-Cr alloys for bonded cast restorations J Prosth Dent 1987, 66(9): 479-84
141. Thomson VP etal Resin-bonded retainers Part Ⅰ: Resin bond to elecrrolytically etched nonprecious alloy J Prosth Dent 1983, 50: 771-9
142. Thompson VP: Electrdyticetching mode of various NP alloys for resin bonding [Abst] J Dent Res 1982 61: 185
143. Moon PC etal: Acid etched bridge bond strength utilziing a new retentionmethod J Dent Res 1983, IADR [Abst] 296 V6O P68
144. Hill J etal: Bond strengths of etched base metats: effeets of erros in surface area estimation J Prosth Dent 1986, 56: 41-6
145．李小东：湿气和水份对胶接界面的影响 粘结 1987，8(5)：28
146. Craig R etal: Measurement of stresses in fixed-bridge restorations usingabrittle coating technigne J Dent. Res 1965, 44: 756-62
147. Monsanto Company UK: Tensometer W, Instruction manual & Technical Bulletin
148. Nagata K etal: Influence of 4META on composite subjected to hydrothermalcycling J Biomedical Res 1985, 19(6): 631-42
149．马轩祥等：失晶粗化法提高金—塑界面结合强度 上海：中国第一届青年口腔医师学术讨论会论文汇编 1989，P100