大庆古龙北低阻储层测井评价方法研究
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摘要
低电阻率油层是一类特殊油层,是老油田新增储量的重要目标之一,它不同于正常油层,其电阻率与常规油层不符,电阻率非常低,与围岩的电阻率接近,甚至与水层电阻率差不多。因此低电阻率油层的识别和开发具有一定的难度,深入研究及定量评价低阻油层十分必要。
本文紧密结合大庆古龙北地区测井、录井、岩心及试油等基础资料,通过对本地区200多口井的详细分析与研究,阐明了该区储层的基本地质特征与测井曲线特征,分析了该区低电阻率油层的四性关系;对比了常规与低阻储层的岩性组成、物性、电性、微观孔隙结构及流体特征,从而剖析了大庆古龙北油田葡萄花油层低阻油层的微观形成机理及地质成因。
在饱和度模型计算方面,本文先后提出4种针对葡萄花油层的原始含油饱和度模型,在有密闭取心井资料的区域,提出基于密闭取心资料的原始含油饱和度模型;针对本区有些地区多油水同层的地质特点,提出适合同层的基于孔隙度、深测向与微球型聚焦电阻率比值的相渗法饱和度模型;针对本区普遍存在泥质和灰质,提出了适合全区储层的三元导电体积物理模型。
在流体识别方面,引入低阻成因指示曲线的概念,构建了泥质含量、粒度中值、灰质含量和物性4条可操作性强的指示曲线,并给出了定量判别标准,以诊断低阻油层与高阻水层;进一步通过对本区电阻率的灰质、泥质与薄层校正,提出了电阻率校正后的SP-RLLD电性图版;基于分区油水解释图版的规律性,利用分区数据,应用地质多元统计分析技术,采用Bayes判别方法建立经验模型,用于定性判别油水;在有新技术时,充分发挥核磁共振与阵列感应识别流体的优势,结合低阻储层的特点,建立了用常规测井与新技术测井等多种方法来综合识别低阻油水层的方法。
文中的方法经在大庆古龙北地区的实际应用,证明方法的适用行,通过对低电阻油层的分析,给出低电阻研究的思路和方法,提供了解释流程,使解释符合率明显提高,达到了预期的目的,为今后其他油田开展低电阻油层的测井解释研究提供了思路和方法。
The low-resistivity reservoirs is a special kind of oil reservoir, it is an one of the important goals in new reserves of old oil field, it is different from the conventional oil layer, Its resistivity does not match with conventional oil layer, the resistivity is very low, and is close to the shoulderbed’s resistivity, even is almost similar with the water layer’s resistivity. Therefore the identification and the development of low-resistivity reservoir have certain difficulty, in depth study and quantitative evaluation of low- resistivity reservoir is very necessary.
The paper closely combined well logging, drilling core, well testing and otherwise data of northern Gulong area of Daqing Oilfield, through detailedly analysised and researched more than 200 wells in this region, had illuminated reservoir the basic geological features and logging curves features, analysised four character relations of low resistivity reservoir in this area; Compared lithology composition, physical property, electric property, microcosmic pore structure and fluid feature of conventional reservoir and low-resistivity reservoir, which analyzed the microcosmic mechanism and geologic origin of low-resistivity layers in Putaohua Group of Gulongbei Oilfield.
In the respect of saturation model calculation, this paper had proposed four kinds of original oil saturation model for the Putaohua low-resistivity reservoir, In some regional which have data of sealing core drill, proposed to use the original oil saturation model which based on sealing core drill data; In view of the geological features which some areas of this regional have many oil/water in same layer, proposed to use relative permeability saturation model which based on porosity and RLLD/MSFL; In view of this regional widespread muddy and gray matter, proposed to use three elements conductive saturation model which was fit for all the region.
In the respect of the fluid identification, introducted the concept of the instructions curves of the low resistivity genesis, constructed four feasible instructions curves which was shale content, median grain diameter, gray matter content, physical property etc, and had gave some quantitative discriminant criterions, in order to differentiate between low-resistivity oil layer and high-resistivity water layer; Further through gray correction, shaly correction and thin-layer correction of the resistivity in this field, proposed the SP-RLLD Electrical Plate which the resistivity was corrected; Based on the regularity of sectional oil-water interpretive chart, use sectional datas, geological multivariate statistical analysis technique, Bayes method to establish empirical model for oil and water qualitative discrimination; When had the new technology, gave full play to the advantage of fluid identification which used the nuclear magnetic resonance logging(NMR) and the array induction logging, according to the characteristics of low-resistivity reservoir.Use conventional logging and new technologies logging to establish comprehensive method to identify low-resistivity oil layer.
The new methods was practical applied in northern Gulong area of Daqing Oilfield, which was testified practically and effedtively. the paper may also provide some important clues and methods to study low-resistivity reservoirs and provides the interpretation flow chart, the interpretation coincidence rate was significantly improved, and achieved the desired purpose. It may fully enhance the other oil field to further study in low-resisitivity reservoirs.
本文紧密结合大庆古龙北地区测井、录井、岩心及试油等基础资料,通过对本地区200多口井的详细分析与研究,阐明了该区储层的基本地质特征与测井曲线特征,分析了该区低电阻率油层的四性关系;对比了常规与低阻储层的岩性组成、物性、电性、微观孔隙结构及流体特征,从而剖析了大庆古龙北油田葡萄花油层低阻油层的微观形成机理及地质成因。
在饱和度模型计算方面,本文先后提出4种针对葡萄花油层的原始含油饱和度模型,在有密闭取心井资料的区域,提出基于密闭取心资料的原始含油饱和度模型;针对本区有些地区多油水同层的地质特点,提出适合同层的基于孔隙度、深测向与微球型聚焦电阻率比值的相渗法饱和度模型;针对本区普遍存在泥质和灰质,提出了适合全区储层的三元导电体积物理模型。
在流体识别方面,引入低阻成因指示曲线的概念,构建了泥质含量、粒度中值、灰质含量和物性4条可操作性强的指示曲线,并给出了定量判别标准,以诊断低阻油层与高阻水层;进一步通过对本区电阻率的灰质、泥质与薄层校正,提出了电阻率校正后的SP-RLLD电性图版;基于分区油水解释图版的规律性,利用分区数据,应用地质多元统计分析技术,采用Bayes判别方法建立经验模型,用于定性判别油水;在有新技术时,充分发挥核磁共振与阵列感应识别流体的优势,结合低阻储层的特点,建立了用常规测井与新技术测井等多种方法来综合识别低阻油水层的方法。
文中的方法经在大庆古龙北地区的实际应用,证明方法的适用行,通过对低电阻油层的分析,给出低电阻研究的思路和方法,提供了解释流程,使解释符合率明显提高,达到了预期的目的,为今后其他油田开展低电阻油层的测井解释研究提供了思路和方法。
The low-resistivity reservoirs is a special kind of oil reservoir, it is an one of the important goals in new reserves of old oil field, it is different from the conventional oil layer, Its resistivity does not match with conventional oil layer, the resistivity is very low, and is close to the shoulderbed’s resistivity, even is almost similar with the water layer’s resistivity. Therefore the identification and the development of low-resistivity reservoir have certain difficulty, in depth study and quantitative evaluation of low- resistivity reservoir is very necessary.
The paper closely combined well logging, drilling core, well testing and otherwise data of northern Gulong area of Daqing Oilfield, through detailedly analysised and researched more than 200 wells in this region, had illuminated reservoir the basic geological features and logging curves features, analysised four character relations of low resistivity reservoir in this area; Compared lithology composition, physical property, electric property, microcosmic pore structure and fluid feature of conventional reservoir and low-resistivity reservoir, which analyzed the microcosmic mechanism and geologic origin of low-resistivity layers in Putaohua Group of Gulongbei Oilfield.
In the respect of saturation model calculation, this paper had proposed four kinds of original oil saturation model for the Putaohua low-resistivity reservoir, In some regional which have data of sealing core drill, proposed to use the original oil saturation model which based on sealing core drill data; In view of the geological features which some areas of this regional have many oil/water in same layer, proposed to use relative permeability saturation model which based on porosity and RLLD/MSFL; In view of this regional widespread muddy and gray matter, proposed to use three elements conductive saturation model which was fit for all the region.
In the respect of the fluid identification, introducted the concept of the instructions curves of the low resistivity genesis, constructed four feasible instructions curves which was shale content, median grain diameter, gray matter content, physical property etc, and had gave some quantitative discriminant criterions, in order to differentiate between low-resistivity oil layer and high-resistivity water layer; Further through gray correction, shaly correction and thin-layer correction of the resistivity in this field, proposed the SP-RLLD Electrical Plate which the resistivity was corrected; Based on the regularity of sectional oil-water interpretive chart, use sectional datas, geological multivariate statistical analysis technique, Bayes method to establish empirical model for oil and water qualitative discrimination; When had the new technology, gave full play to the advantage of fluid identification which used the nuclear magnetic resonance logging(NMR) and the array induction logging, according to the characteristics of low-resistivity reservoir.Use conventional logging and new technologies logging to establish comprehensive method to identify low-resistivity oil layer.
The new methods was practical applied in northern Gulong area of Daqing Oilfield, which was testified practically and effedtively. the paper may also provide some important clues and methods to study low-resistivity reservoirs and provides the interpretation flow chart, the interpretation coincidence rate was significantly improved, and achieved the desired purpose. It may fully enhance the other oil field to further study in low-resisitivity reservoirs.
引文
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[6]杜旭东,顾伟康,周开凤等.低阻油气层成因分类和评价及识别[J].世界地质,2004,23(3):255-259.
[7]孙建盂,陈钢花,杨玉征等.低阻油气层评价方法[J].石油学报,1998.19(3):83-88.
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