日粮添加限制性氨基酸—蛋氨酸对山羊消化代谢和血液参数的影响研究
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摘要
本研究通过开展山羊日粮中不同蛋氨酸添加水平对瘤胃代谢和血液参数的影响研究,旨在为反刍动物限制性氨基酸-蛋氨酸的营养生理调控提供技术支撑。
选择3头体况良好、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管、体重20±2.5kg的成年湘东黑山羊为试验动物,配制3种蛋氨酸水平分别为0.10%(LM)、0.20%(MM)和0.30%(HM)的试验日粮,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,试验共分为3期,每期试验结束后立即转入下期试验的预饲期、。研究日粮蛋氨酸水平对山羊瘤胃代谢和血液参数的影响。结果显示：瘤胃各时间点pH值及其平均值均无显著差异(P>0.05)；山羊瘤胃NH3-N浓度日内平均值分别为11.79mg/dl、8.66 mg/dl和9.32 mg/dl (P>0.05),瘤胃内pH值和NH3-N浓度有随着日粮蛋氨酸水平升高而呈现降低的趋势(P>0.05)；日粮中蛋氨酸的添加水平对山羊瘤胃的总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、戊酸和丁酸浓度以及乙酸：丙酸比例均无显著影响作用(P>0.05)；山羊血液中总蛋白(TP)、淀粉酶(AMY)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素氮(BUN)和胰岛素(INS)日内平均含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),采食MM日粮的山羊血液胰高血糖素日内平均含量显著高于采食LM和HM日粮的山羊(P<0.05),而采食HM日粮的山羊亦显著高于采食LM日粮的山羊(P<0.05)。以上结果表明：日粮中添加蛋氨酸有利于山羊瘤胃代谢,其中以添加0.20%最为适宜。
This thesis was designed to study the effect of dietary supplementation of methionine on ruminal digestion, metabolism, and blood parameters in goats, to supply technology supporting for nutritional and physiological regulation of limiting amino acids in ruminants.
A trial with three ruminanlly cannulated catheter goats (initial body weight:20±2.5 kg) were allocated to three dietary treatments in a 3 X 3 Latin square design to estimate the effects of dietary methionine levels on ruminal digestion and metabolism, blood parameters in goats. Goats were fed the total mixed diets containing three levels of methionine (0.10%,0.20% and 0.30%). The results showed:the dietary methionine levels did not affect the ruminal pH value (P>0.05); the average ruminal concentration of NH3-N was 11.79,8.66,9.32 mg/dl, respectively (P>0.05); there was an decreasing tendency for the ruminal pH value and NH3-N concentration with the increasing of dietary methionine level (P>0.05); there were no significant difference (P>0.05) for the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionate acid, butyrate acid, valerate acid and the ratio of acetic acid to propionate acid (P>0.05); the dietary methionine did not affect the average blood concentration of TP, AMY, LDH, BUN and INS (P>0.05); the average content of Glucagon for 0.20% methionine treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) for the 0.10% and 0.30% methionine treatment, and that for the 0.30% methionine treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that for the 0.10% methionine treatment. It is concluded that dietary supplementation of methionine is beneficial to the ruminal digestion and metabolism in goats, and the best supplemented level is 0.20% in this study.
选择3头体况良好、安装永久性瘤胃瘘管、体重20±2.5kg的成年湘东黑山羊为试验动物,配制3种蛋氨酸水平分别为0.10%(LM)、0.20%(MM)和0.30%(HM)的试验日粮,采用3×3拉丁方试验设计,试验共分为3期,每期试验结束后立即转入下期试验的预饲期、。研究日粮蛋氨酸水平对山羊瘤胃代谢和血液参数的影响。结果显示：瘤胃各时间点pH值及其平均值均无显著差异(P>0.05)；山羊瘤胃NH3-N浓度日内平均值分别为11.79mg/dl、8.66 mg/dl和9.32 mg/dl (P>0.05),瘤胃内pH值和NH3-N浓度有随着日粮蛋氨酸水平升高而呈现降低的趋势(P>0.05)；日粮中蛋氨酸的添加水平对山羊瘤胃的总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、戊酸和丁酸浓度以及乙酸：丙酸比例均无显著影响作用(P>0.05)；山羊血液中总蛋白(TP)、淀粉酶(AMY)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、尿素氮(BUN)和胰岛素(INS)日内平均含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),采食MM日粮的山羊血液胰高血糖素日内平均含量显著高于采食LM和HM日粮的山羊(P<0.05),而采食HM日粮的山羊亦显著高于采食LM日粮的山羊(P<0.05)。以上结果表明：日粮中添加蛋氨酸有利于山羊瘤胃代谢,其中以添加0.20%最为适宜。
This thesis was designed to study the effect of dietary supplementation of methionine on ruminal digestion, metabolism, and blood parameters in goats, to supply technology supporting for nutritional and physiological regulation of limiting amino acids in ruminants.
A trial with three ruminanlly cannulated catheter goats (initial body weight:20±2.5 kg) were allocated to three dietary treatments in a 3 X 3 Latin square design to estimate the effects of dietary methionine levels on ruminal digestion and metabolism, blood parameters in goats. Goats were fed the total mixed diets containing three levels of methionine (0.10%,0.20% and 0.30%). The results showed:the dietary methionine levels did not affect the ruminal pH value (P>0.05); the average ruminal concentration of NH3-N was 11.79,8.66,9.32 mg/dl, respectively (P>0.05); there was an decreasing tendency for the ruminal pH value and NH3-N concentration with the increasing of dietary methionine level (P>0.05); there were no significant difference (P>0.05) for the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionate acid, butyrate acid, valerate acid and the ratio of acetic acid to propionate acid (P>0.05); the dietary methionine did not affect the average blood concentration of TP, AMY, LDH, BUN and INS (P>0.05); the average content of Glucagon for 0.20% methionine treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) for the 0.10% and 0.30% methionine treatment, and that for the 0.30% methionine treatment was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that for the 0.10% methionine treatment. It is concluded that dietary supplementation of methionine is beneficial to the ruminal digestion and metabolism in goats, and the best supplemented level is 0.20% in this study.
引文
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[4]杜瑞平,卢德勋.绵羊瘤胃乙酸和丁酸的产生、吸收和利用规律及可代谢生脂物质(MLS)的测定[D].内蒙古农业大学,2006.
[5]窦树龙,.操继跃.鸡群免疫损伤成因的分析[J].中国禽业导刊,2001,18(7)：25-26.
[6]段红伟,郑中朝.N-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙的过瘤胃效果及其对瘤胃环境和饲料养分消化的影响[D]甘肃农业大学,2000.
[7]冯仰廉,李胜利,张晓明.奶牛和肉牛日粮淀粉和葡萄糖的营养调控及其评定的建议[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(1)：115-122.
[8]韩兆玉,周岩民,王根林等.过瘤胃蛋氨酸对奶牛产奶量、乳成分以及血液氨基酸的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2006,29(3)：54-58.
[9]黄勇富.我国家养动物遗传多样性研究的紧迫性与策略[J].四川农业大学学报,1997,15(1)：82-84.
[10]金岭梅,孟新宇,赵其平等.日粮蛋氨酸水平对感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫肉鸡的影响[J].中国饲料,2004(3)：19-20.
[11]李建国,李英,曹玉凤等.高聚山.蛋白质补充料替代日粮中棉籽饼对肉牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2001,13(4)：50-53.
[12]李美同译.对于选择蛋氨酸活性源的研究[J].中国饲料,1993,(1)：44-45.
[13]卢宗藩,吴维芳,王宗元等.家畜及实验动物生理生化参数[M].北京：农业出版社,1983.
[14]密士恒,王晓凤,马慧.瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸对肉羊氮代谢及生长性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,(7)：43-45.
[15]牛雪佳,郑国萍,李茫雪等.日粮阴阳离子和纤维素酶对绵羊血液中生化指标的影响[J].核农学报,2007,21(5)：514-517.
[16]牛玉坚,李春凤译.氮代谢研究的30年历程：从铵盐到双肽[J].中国临床医学杂志,2002,10(4)：228-231.
[17]森胁久隆.血浆氨基酸的测定及意义[J].日本医学介绍,1996,17(1)：7-8.
[18]宋春玲,王安.蛋白质和蛋氨酸水平对产蛋初期笼养蛋鸭生产性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2003,24(2)：25-28.
[19]宋平,张永根,刘艳丽.黑龙江省不同饲养方式下奶牛部分血液生化指标的测定与比较[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2007,(12)：32-33.
[20]孙志洪,谭支良,姚军虎.限制性氨基酸对生长山羊血清胰岛素和总蛋白的影响[J].家畜生态,2004,25(3)：14-17.
[21]谭支良,卢德勋,胡明等.绵羊日粮中不同碳水化合物比例对瘤胃内环境参数的影响[J].动物营养学报,2000,12(1)：42-47.
[22]佟建明.饲料添加剂手册[M].北京：中国农业大学出版社.2001.
[23]王洪荣,卢德勋.饲喂玉米型日粮的生长绵羊限制性氨基酸的研究[J].动物营养学报,1999,11(4)：17-28.
[24]王继峰.对氨基酸需要量还需要进行研究[J].国外畜牧学,2003,23(2)：9-14.
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