限制性氨基酸对浏阳生长黑山羊肝脏IGF-Ⅰ基因表达及生化指标的影响
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摘要
选用 3 只浏阳生长黑山羊（10.00±0.15kg），安装瘤胃瘘管，十二指肠近端瘘管和
回肠末端瘘管，饲喂玉米、豆粕和玉米秸秆为基础的日粮。采用 Cr2O3 为食糜标记物，
瘤胃投放，测定山羊十二指肠和回肠食糜中氨基酸流通量，计算各种氨基酸在山羊小肠
消化率，依据肌肉氨基酸模式计算限制性氨基酸的灌注量。试验表明，生长山羊在实用
日粮条件下需灌注的第一、第二和第三限制性氨基酸的量分别是：Met，0.77g/d；Lys，
0.91g/d；Leu，0.58g/d。
在此基础上，12 头浏阳生长黑山羊（10.00±0.23kg）按随机区组设计接受氨基酸混
合液（对照组）以及分别减去 3 种氨基酸（Met、Lys 和 Leu）的灌注液（处理组），对
照组灌注混合氨基酸使进入山羊十二指肠的各种氨基酸（日粮氨基酸+灌注氨基酸）达
到山羊肌肉中氨基酸模式，试验组按“递减法”灌注从对照组中减少相同比例（21%）
某一种氨基酸的成分。试验结果表明：减 Met 组 IGF-I 的血清浓度极显著低于对照组
（P<0.01），减 Lys 组与减 Leu组血清 IGF-I 浓度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)，三处理组
间血清 IGF-I 浓度差异不显著（P>.05）。减 Met 组与减 Lys 组血清 Insulin、GH 和 IgA
均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)，三处理组间及减 Leu组和对照组间血清 Insulin、GH 和 IgA
浓度差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组和减 Lys 组血清 IgM 低于对照组(P<0.05)和减 Leu
组（P<0.05），减 Met 组和减 Lys 组间及减 Leu 组和对照组间血清 IGM 差异不显著
(P>0.05)。3 处理组间血清 IgG 浓度差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组 PUN 显著高于对照
组(P<0.05)，三处理组间、减 Lys 组和对照组间及减 Leu组和对照组间 PUN 差异不显著
(P>0.05)。 3 处理组间血清 TP 差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组 IGF-I mRNA 表达水平极
显著低于对照组 (p<0.01)，显著低于减 Leu组(p<0.05)，减 Lys 组 IGF-I mRNA 表达水
平显著低于对照组(p<0.05)，减 Met 组和 Lys 组间、减 Lys 组和减 Leu组间及减 Leu组
和对照组间 IGF-I mRNA表达水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。减 Met 组骨骼肌 DNA浓度低于
对照组(P<0.01)和减 Leu组(P<0.05)，减 Lys 组骨骼肌 DNA浓度低于对照组(P<0.05)，减
Lys 组骨骼肌 DNA 浓度和减 Leu组、对照组差异不显著（P>0.05），减 Leu和对照组间
骨骼肌 DNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Met 组与减 Lys 组空肠粘膜 DNA浓度低于
对照组(P<0.05)，3 处理组间空肠粘膜 DNA 浓度差异不显著（P>.05）、减 Leu 组和对
照组空肠粘膜 DNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Ｍｅｔ 组与减 Ｌｙｓ 组骨骼肌 ＲＮＡ 浓度低
于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），３ 处理组间骨骼肌 ＲＮＡ 浓度差异不显著（P>0.05），减 Leu组和对照
组骨骼肌 RNA 浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Met 组空肠粘膜 RNA 浓度低于对照组
(P<0.01)，减 Lys 组空肠粘膜 RNA 浓度低于对照组(P<0.05)，3 处理组间空肠粘膜 RNA
浓度差异不显著（P>.05），减 Leu组和对照组空肠粘膜 RNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。
本研究表明，限制性氨基酸从分子水平如 IGF-I 的基因表达、从组织器官水平如肠
粘膜和骨骼肌细胞的分裂增生、从蛋白水平 PUN、从免疫水平如 IgA、从激素水平 GH、
Insulin 上影响动物机体的生长。
The study was conducted to test the effects of limiting amino acids on hepatocyte
IGF-I mRNA expression and biochemical indexes of growing goat fed with a based corn
stover diet.Three Liu-yang Black goats (10.00± 0.15 kg), fitted with ruminal, duodenal and
ileal cannula and fed a practical diet were used to determine infusive amounts of limiting
amino acids in the duodenum which could be satisfied with the ideal amino acid pattern of
musle. Results showed thatthe infusive amounts of the first, second and third limiting amino
acids in the duodenum were 0.77g/d (Met),0.91g/d (Lys) and 0.58g/d (Leu) respectively.
Twelve Liu-yang Black goat (initial weight10.00± 0.23kg), cannulated in duodenum,
were randomized to separate into 4 groups, three goats per group. All animals were put into
the metabolic cages respectively and free to fresh water. The four groups are as follows: A
(removing 21%Met from the mixture of Met, Lys and Leu), B (removing 21% Lys from the
mixture of Met, Lys and Leu),C, (removing 21%Leu from the mixture of Met, Lys and
Leu)and D, (control group, the mixture of Met, Lys and Leu). The results showed that: IGF-I
mRNA expression of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group
(p<0.01) and that of removal Leu group (p<0.05) and removal Lys group was also
significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05).The DNA content of skeletal muscles
of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.01) and that of
removal Leu group (p<0.05) and the DNA content of skeletal muscles of removal Lys was
significantly lower than than that of control group (p<0.05); DNA content of jejunum mucous
membrane of removal Met group and Lys group was significantly lower than that of control
group (p<0.05). RNA content of skeletal muscles of removal Met group and Lys group was
significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05); RNA content of jejunum mucous
membrane of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.01)
and RNA content of jejunum mucous membrane of removal Lys group was significantly
lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Serum IGA content of removal Met group and Lys
group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.05); serum IGM content of
removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.01) and that of
removal Leu group(p<0.05). Serum IGF-I content of removal Met group was significantly
lower than that of control group (p<0.01);Serum IGF-I content of removal Lys group and Leu
group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Serum Insulin content of
removal Met group and Lys group was significantly lower than that of control
group(p<0.05).Serum GH content of removal Met group and Lys group was significantly
lower than that of control group(p<0.05). PUN of removal Met group was significantly lower
than that of control group (p<0.05). There were no differences about serum TP among four
groups (P>0.05). It could be suggested that limiting amino acids affect the growth of goat
from different levels,such as molecule level(such as gene expression of hepatocyte IGF-I),
tissue level(such as proliferation of jejunum mucous membrane cell and skeletal muscles cell),
immunology level(such as the secretion of IgA, IgM), hormone level (such as GH and Insulin)
and protein level (such as PUN). Every level and aspect of promoting growth o f amino
limiting acids is influeced and promoted each other. The role of promoting growth of limiting
amino acids is fulfilled by such way.
回肠末端瘘管，饲喂玉米、豆粕和玉米秸秆为基础的日粮。采用 Cr2O3 为食糜标记物，
瘤胃投放，测定山羊十二指肠和回肠食糜中氨基酸流通量，计算各种氨基酸在山羊小肠
消化率，依据肌肉氨基酸模式计算限制性氨基酸的灌注量。试验表明，生长山羊在实用
日粮条件下需灌注的第一、第二和第三限制性氨基酸的量分别是：Met，0.77g/d；Lys，
0.91g/d；Leu，0.58g/d。
在此基础上，12 头浏阳生长黑山羊（10.00±0.23kg）按随机区组设计接受氨基酸混
合液（对照组）以及分别减去 3 种氨基酸（Met、Lys 和 Leu）的灌注液（处理组），对
照组灌注混合氨基酸使进入山羊十二指肠的各种氨基酸（日粮氨基酸+灌注氨基酸）达
到山羊肌肉中氨基酸模式，试验组按“递减法”灌注从对照组中减少相同比例（21%）
某一种氨基酸的成分。试验结果表明：减 Met 组 IGF-I 的血清浓度极显著低于对照组
（P<0.01），减 Lys 组与减 Leu组血清 IGF-I 浓度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)，三处理组
间血清 IGF-I 浓度差异不显著（P>.05）。减 Met 组与减 Lys 组血清 Insulin、GH 和 IgA
均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)，三处理组间及减 Leu组和对照组间血清 Insulin、GH 和 IgA
浓度差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组和减 Lys 组血清 IgM 低于对照组(P<0.05)和减 Leu
组（P<0.05），减 Met 组和减 Lys 组间及减 Leu 组和对照组间血清 IGM 差异不显著
(P>0.05)。3 处理组间血清 IgG 浓度差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组 PUN 显著高于对照
组(P<0.05)，三处理组间、减 Lys 组和对照组间及减 Leu组和对照组间 PUN 差异不显著
(P>0.05)。 3 处理组间血清 TP 差异不显著(P>0.05)。减 Met 组 IGF-I mRNA 表达水平极
显著低于对照组 (p<0.01)，显著低于减 Leu组(p<0.05)，减 Lys 组 IGF-I mRNA 表达水
平显著低于对照组(p<0.05)，减 Met 组和 Lys 组间、减 Lys 组和减 Leu组间及减 Leu组
和对照组间 IGF-I mRNA表达水平无显著差异(P>0.05)。减 Met 组骨骼肌 DNA浓度低于
对照组(P<0.01)和减 Leu组(P<0.05)，减 Lys 组骨骼肌 DNA浓度低于对照组(P<0.05)，减
Lys 组骨骼肌 DNA 浓度和减 Leu组、对照组差异不显著（P>0.05），减 Leu和对照组间
骨骼肌 DNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Met 组与减 Lys 组空肠粘膜 DNA浓度低于
对照组(P<0.05)，3 处理组间空肠粘膜 DNA 浓度差异不显著（P>.05）、减 Leu 组和对
照组空肠粘膜 DNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Ｍｅｔ 组与减 Ｌｙｓ 组骨骼肌 ＲＮＡ 浓度低
于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），３ 处理组间骨骼肌 ＲＮＡ 浓度差异不显著（P>0.05），减 Leu组和对照
组骨骼肌 RNA 浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。减 Met 组空肠粘膜 RNA 浓度低于对照组
(P<0.01)，减 Lys 组空肠粘膜 RNA 浓度低于对照组(P<0.05)，3 处理组间空肠粘膜 RNA
浓度差异不显著（P>.05），减 Leu组和对照组空肠粘膜 RNA浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。
本研究表明，限制性氨基酸从分子水平如 IGF-I 的基因表达、从组织器官水平如肠
粘膜和骨骼肌细胞的分裂增生、从蛋白水平 PUN、从免疫水平如 IgA、从激素水平 GH、
Insulin 上影响动物机体的生长。
The study was conducted to test the effects of limiting amino acids on hepatocyte
IGF-I mRNA expression and biochemical indexes of growing goat fed with a based corn
stover diet.Three Liu-yang Black goats (10.00± 0.15 kg), fitted with ruminal, duodenal and
ileal cannula and fed a practical diet were used to determine infusive amounts of limiting
amino acids in the duodenum which could be satisfied with the ideal amino acid pattern of
musle. Results showed thatthe infusive amounts of the first, second and third limiting amino
acids in the duodenum were 0.77g/d (Met),0.91g/d (Lys) and 0.58g/d (Leu) respectively.
Twelve Liu-yang Black goat (initial weight10.00± 0.23kg), cannulated in duodenum,
were randomized to separate into 4 groups, three goats per group. All animals were put into
the metabolic cages respectively and free to fresh water. The four groups are as follows: A
(removing 21%Met from the mixture of Met, Lys and Leu), B (removing 21% Lys from the
mixture of Met, Lys and Leu),C, (removing 21%Leu from the mixture of Met, Lys and
Leu)and D, (control group, the mixture of Met, Lys and Leu). The results showed that: IGF-I
mRNA expression of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group
(p<0.01) and that of removal Leu group (p<0.05) and removal Lys group was also
significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05).The DNA content of skeletal muscles
of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.01) and that of
removal Leu group (p<0.05) and the DNA content of skeletal muscles of removal Lys was
significantly lower than than that of control group (p<0.05); DNA content of jejunum mucous
membrane of removal Met group and Lys group was significantly lower than that of control
group (p<0.05). RNA content of skeletal muscles of removal Met group and Lys group was
significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05); RNA content of jejunum mucous
membrane of removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.01)
and RNA content of jejunum mucous membrane of removal Lys group was significantly
lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Serum IGA content of removal Met group and Lys
group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.05); serum IGM content of
removal Met group was significantly lower than that of control group (0.01) and that of
removal Leu group(p<0.05). Serum IGF-I content of removal Met group was significantly
lower than that of control group (p<0.01);Serum IGF-I content of removal Lys group and Leu
group was significantly lower than that of control group (p<0.05). Serum Insulin content of
removal Met group and Lys group was significantly lower than that of control
group(p<0.05).Serum GH content of removal Met group and Lys group was significantly
lower than that of control group(p<0.05). PUN of removal Met group was significantly lower
than that of control group (p<0.05). There were no differences about serum TP among four
groups (P>0.05). It could be suggested that limiting amino acids affect the growth of goat
from different levels,such as molecule level(such as gene expression of hepatocyte IGF-I),
tissue level(such as proliferation of jejunum mucous membrane cell and skeletal muscles cell),
immunology level(such as the secretion of IgA, IgM), hormone level (such as GH and Insulin)
and protein level (such as PUN). Every level and aspect of promoting growth o f amino
limiting acids is influeced and promoted each other. The role of promoting growth of limiting
amino acids is fulfilled by such way.
引文
［１］ 汪骥，王世真，周云礼． １９８７． 正常成人总体蛋白更新率及血浆甘氨酸动力学参数的测定［Ｊ］．
动 物营养学报， ９（３）：１９３．
［２］ 程中刚，许梓荣，蒋宗勇等． ２０００． 高剂量铜对仔猪生长的影响及机理的探讨［Ｍ］． 面向 ２１ 世
纪动物科学与动物医学国际研究讨论文集． ４１．
［３］ 罗绪刚，李素芬，刘彬等． ２０００． 饲料铜源和水平对断奶仔猪崔体生长激素 ｍＲＮＡ 水平的影响
［Ｊ］．面向 ２１ 世纪动物科学与动物医学国际研讨论文集． ７１．
［４］ 张果平，黄永宏，李峰等． 胰岛素样生长因子家族对动物生殖功能的影响［Ｊ］． 上海畜牧兽医
通讯． 198～203.
［５］ 华 益 民 ， 林 浩 然 ．２００１． 营 养 状 况 对 鲤 鱼 肝 脏 ＩＧＦ－１ｍＲＮＡ 表 达 的 影 响 ［Ｊ］． 动 物 学
报，４７（１）：９４－１００．
［６］ 唐祖明，赵凤举．蛋白质缺乏对小鼠胸腺细胞花生凝集素受体的影响［Ｊ］．营养学报．
１９９３，１５（３）：２７１－２７４．
［７］ 郭长江，徐琪寿． １９９６． 蛋白质营养不良大鼠血浆蛋白水平与细胞免疫功能的动态变化［Ｊ］．
营养学报， １８（１）：３０～３３．
［８］ 程中刚． １９９８． 饲料营养素对动物免疫机能的影响［Ｊ］．畜禽业，（４）：１２～１４．
［９］ 季峰，朱秋红． ２０００． Ｌ—缬氨酸缺乏对大鼠胃癌生长及免疫状态的影响［Ｊ］． 肠外肠内营养，
７（１）：４５～４７．
［１０］ 李艳玲, 呙于明. 3-6 周龄肉仔鸡苏氨酸、色氨酸需要量的研究. 中国畜牧杂志．２０００（５）：３－５．
［１１］ 王洪荣. 卢德勋.饲喂豆饼、亚麻饼和血粉氮源日粮的生长绵羊限制性氨基酸研究[J]. 动物营
养学报 1999，11（4）:106-121.
［１２］ 丁宏标，陈杰．１９９４． ＣＳ８７ 促进猪生长的研究［Ｊ］．南京农业大学学报，１７（４）．８７～９１．
［１３］ 侯永清，于明． １９９９．早期断奶仔猪日粮中适宜蛋白质及赖氨酸水平的研究［Ｊ］．动物营养学
报，１１（２）：３８～４４
［１４］ 伍喜林，高振川． １９９４． 日粮不同苏氨酸水平对仔猪生产性能和血液生化指标的影响［Ｊ］．中
国畜牧杂志，３０（５）．１０～１２．
［１５］ 占秀全， 李志骏． ２０００． 尿红细胞直径测量对血尿诊断的临床价值并与其它方法的比较实用
医学进修杂志，２８（１）．３２～３４．
［１６］ 许梓荣， 陈洪亮， 肖日进．不同饲粮蛋白水平下 Ｒａｃｔｏｐａｍｉｎｅ 对肥育猪生长性能和胴体组成
的影响．浙江农业学报，１９９８，１０（４）：２１０－２１４
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