我国食品安全监管体制研究
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摘要
近年来,食品安全问题多发,其严重性和危害性让人触目惊心。从2008年让父母胆寒的“奶粉事件”到2012年“双汇瘦肉精事件”食品安全问题一而再再而三地考验着民众的承受能力。人民的消费信心一再受创,政府的监管能力一再被考,究其原因食品安全监管体制成为众矢之的。公众要求政府进一步加强食品安全工作,提高食品安全监管水平的呼声在两会期间不断出现。“食品安全是天大的事,直接关系到人们的生活质量和身体健康,政府应该对假冒伪劣和黑心食品坚决查处,并且让不法分子付出高昂的代价”。总理的话语让群众看到了政府对食品安全问题的重视,和加强食品安全监管的决心。因此如何完善监管体制,发现监管中存在的问题并及时解决问题,这是我国政府需要谨慎重视的。
本篇论文首先对选题背景、写作意义和写作目的以及文章的框架结构进行了介绍,为论文的写作打好基础。紧接着对食品安全和食品安全监管体制的现状进行归纳。食品监管现状是研究我国食品安全监管体制必不可少的环节之一。论文在理论与实践相结合的基础上,将建国以来我国的食品安全监管模式的历史变革归纳为几个阶段,总结出了在我国食品安全监管模式改革的历史过程中,监管重心和监管主体发生的变化,试图从实践中得到加强食品安全监管体制的模式。
论文在对我国食品安全监管体制现状进行研究后,分析了当前我国食品安全监管存在的困境,主要体现在法律法规对监管主体制约力不够；监管机构配置有待调整；监管机构职责交叉重叠；食品检测体系不完善；社会监督机制不完善几个方面。文章认为,我国食品安全监管存在的这些问题,主要是由食品安全相关法律法规不完善、监管体制不健全等多方面原因引起的。在全面分析问题及其原因后,最后根据我国国情,提出了解决这些问题可供参考的对策建议,即完善食品安全相关法律体系；明确监管机构配置,合理划分监管职能；完善监管主体责任追究机制；完善食品安全检测体系；完善社会监督机制。为解决我国食品安全监管体制存在的问题提供一些参考建议,希望能够为解决食品监管困境提供一种新见解。
In recent years, food safety problem of multiple, contradiction, its seriousness and harmfulness of shocking. From2008to let parents afraid of "Sanlu milk powder incident" to2012"Shuanghui clenbuterol event" food safety problem again and again three to test people's endurance. People's consumer confidence has repeatedly hit, the ability of government regulation has been test, the reason of food safety supervision system has become a target for all. The public asked the government to further strengthen the food safety work, improve the food safety supervision level the voice of emerging in the NPC and CPPCC period."Food safety is a big thing, is directly related to people's quality of life and health, the government should be of fake and shoddy food center and resolutely investigate and deal with, and let the criminals pay a high price."To build China's economic upgrade edition, is included in the development to let the people breathe the clean air, the safety of drinking water, eating food." Li Keqiang prime words let people see the government attaches great importance to food safety problems, and strengthen the supervision of food safety determination. Therefore, how to strengthen the supervision of food safety supervision, found problems timely solution to the problem, has become China's government needs to solve the problem.
This paper firstly introduces the frame structure background, writing significance, purpose and the, to lay a good foundation for thesis writing. Then summarized the present situation of food safety and food safety regulatory system. The status quo is one of essential food safety supervision system of our country link. Based on combining theory with practice, the since the founding of China's food safety regulatory system of the historical change into several stages, summed up in the historical process of China's food safety regulatory system reform, changes in the regulatory focus and regulatory body, trying to strengthen food safety supervision system of experience from practice.
Based on the research on the status quo of China's food safety regulatory system, analyses the problems in China's food safety regulation dilemma, mainly reflected in the existing laws and regulations on supervision of the main constraints force is not enough; the supervision organization structure should be adjusted; regulators clear division of responsibilities; food inspection system is not perfect; the social supervision and participation is not enough; several aspects. The article thinks, in China's food safety regulatory system of these questions, is mainly caused by the various laws and regulations, supervision and other reasons. In a comprehensive analysis of the problems and causes, finally according to the situation of our country, put forward measures to alleviate these difficulties can be used for reference, that is to improve the food safety law system, setting up supervision according to law concept; clarify the scope of supervision authority, the rational allocation of regulatory functions, to establish the comprehensive coordination authority; improve the food safety responsibility the main restriction mechanism; improve the food inspection system; perfect the social supervision mechanism to provide some reference suggestions to solve food safety supervision system in China:problems, hoping to provide a new view for China to solve the food problem.
本篇论文首先对选题背景、写作意义和写作目的以及文章的框架结构进行了介绍,为论文的写作打好基础。紧接着对食品安全和食品安全监管体制的现状进行归纳。食品监管现状是研究我国食品安全监管体制必不可少的环节之一。论文在理论与实践相结合的基础上,将建国以来我国的食品安全监管模式的历史变革归纳为几个阶段,总结出了在我国食品安全监管模式改革的历史过程中,监管重心和监管主体发生的变化,试图从实践中得到加强食品安全监管体制的模式。
论文在对我国食品安全监管体制现状进行研究后,分析了当前我国食品安全监管存在的困境,主要体现在法律法规对监管主体制约力不够；监管机构配置有待调整；监管机构职责交叉重叠；食品检测体系不完善；社会监督机制不完善几个方面。文章认为,我国食品安全监管存在的这些问题,主要是由食品安全相关法律法规不完善、监管体制不健全等多方面原因引起的。在全面分析问题及其原因后,最后根据我国国情,提出了解决这些问题可供参考的对策建议,即完善食品安全相关法律体系；明确监管机构配置,合理划分监管职能；完善监管主体责任追究机制；完善食品安全检测体系；完善社会监督机制。为解决我国食品安全监管体制存在的问题提供一些参考建议,希望能够为解决食品监管困境提供一种新见解。
In recent years, food safety problem of multiple, contradiction, its seriousness and harmfulness of shocking. From2008to let parents afraid of "Sanlu milk powder incident" to2012"Shuanghui clenbuterol event" food safety problem again and again three to test people's endurance. People's consumer confidence has repeatedly hit, the ability of government regulation has been test, the reason of food safety supervision system has become a target for all. The public asked the government to further strengthen the food safety work, improve the food safety supervision level the voice of emerging in the NPC and CPPCC period."Food safety is a big thing, is directly related to people's quality of life and health, the government should be of fake and shoddy food center and resolutely investigate and deal with, and let the criminals pay a high price."To build China's economic upgrade edition, is included in the development to let the people breathe the clean air, the safety of drinking water, eating food." Li Keqiang prime words let people see the government attaches great importance to food safety problems, and strengthen the supervision of food safety determination. Therefore, how to strengthen the supervision of food safety supervision, found problems timely solution to the problem, has become China's government needs to solve the problem.
This paper firstly introduces the frame structure background, writing significance, purpose and the, to lay a good foundation for thesis writing. Then summarized the present situation of food safety and food safety regulatory system. The status quo is one of essential food safety supervision system of our country link. Based on combining theory with practice, the since the founding of China's food safety regulatory system of the historical change into several stages, summed up in the historical process of China's food safety regulatory system reform, changes in the regulatory focus and regulatory body, trying to strengthen food safety supervision system of experience from practice.
Based on the research on the status quo of China's food safety regulatory system, analyses the problems in China's food safety regulation dilemma, mainly reflected in the existing laws and regulations on supervision of the main constraints force is not enough; the supervision organization structure should be adjusted; regulators clear division of responsibilities; food inspection system is not perfect; the social supervision and participation is not enough; several aspects. The article thinks, in China's food safety regulatory system of these questions, is mainly caused by the various laws and regulations, supervision and other reasons. In a comprehensive analysis of the problems and causes, finally according to the situation of our country, put forward measures to alleviate these difficulties can be used for reference, that is to improve the food safety law system, setting up supervision according to law concept; clarify the scope of supervision authority, the rational allocation of regulatory functions, to establish the comprehensive coordination authority; improve the food safety responsibility the main restriction mechanism; improve the food inspection system; perfect the social supervision mechanism to provide some reference suggestions to solve food safety supervision system in China:problems, hoping to provide a new view for China to solve the food problem.
引文
1 郑风田,胡文静,从多斗监管到一个部门说话：我国食品安全监管体制急待重塑[J].中国行政管理,2005(12)：51-54
2 齐萌,从威权管制到合作治理：我国食品安全监管模式之转型[J].河北法学,2013(3)：50-56
3 吴文君,我国食品安全监管体制：现状、问题与对策—基于食品安全监管主体角度的分析[J].交流探讨,2013(1)：220-221
1 焦明江,我国食品安全监管体制的完善：现状与反思[J].人民论坛,2013(2)：46-47
1 冀玮,多部门食品安全监管的必要性分析[J].中国行政管理,2012(2)：54-58
2 宋强,耿弘,关于构建中国大食品安全监管体制的探讨[J].求实,2012(8)
1 蒋慧,论我国食品安全监管的症结和出路[J].西北政法大学学报,2011(6)：154-162
2 谢伟,食品安全监管体制创新研究[J].中国发展,2011(2)：39-46
1 中国食品行业发展与监督状况报告,2012
1 国务院关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定.国发(2004)23号
1 国家食品安全监管体系“十二五”规划.国发(2012.)36号
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2 齐萌,从威权管制到合作治理：我国食品安全监管模式之转型[J].河北法学,2013(3)：50-56
3 吴文君,我国食品安全监管体制：现状、问题与对策—基于食品安全监管主体角度的分析[J].交流探讨,2013(1)：220-221
1 焦明江,我国食品安全监管体制的完善：现状与反思[J].人民论坛,2013(2)：46-47
1 冀玮,多部门食品安全监管的必要性分析[J].中国行政管理,2012(2)：54-58
2 宋强,耿弘,关于构建中国大食品安全监管体制的探讨[J].求实,2012(8)
1 蒋慧,论我国食品安全监管的症结和出路[J].西北政法大学学报,2011(6)：154-162
2 谢伟,食品安全监管体制创新研究[J].中国发展,2011(2)：39-46
1 中国食品行业发展与监督状况报告,2012
1 国务院关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定.国发(2004)23号
1 国家食品安全监管体系“十二五”规划.国发(2012.)36号
[1]余晖,行业协会及其在中国的发展-理论与案例[M=].北京：经济管理出版社,2002.
[2]陈振明,公共管理学[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2003.
[3]颜廷锐,中国行政体制改革问题报告[M1.北京：中国发展出版社,2004.
[4]宋铎,食品风险分析理论与实践[M].北京：中国标准出版社,2005.
[5]王艳林,食品安全法概论[M].中国计量出版社,2005.
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[7]艾志录,鲁茂林.食品标准与法规[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2006.
[8]杜通平,绿色食品发展研究[M].西南财经大学出版社,2006.
[9]国务院,国务院关于加强食品等产品安全监督管理的特别规定[M].北京：中国法制出版社,2007.
[10]张云华,食品安全保障机制研究[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2007.
[11]周映艳,夏强,曹荣安,食品质量与安全案例分析[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,2007.
[12]周汉华,政府监管与行政法[M].北京：北京大学出版社,2007.
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[14]魏益民,刘为军,潘家荣,中国食品安全控制研究[M].北京：科学出版社,2008.
[15]唐晓纯,食品安全预警理论、方法与应用[M].北京：中国轻工业出版社,2008.
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[18]原群英,于始,食品安全：全球现状与各国对策[M].北京：世界图书北京出版公司,2009.
[19]魏益民,食品安全学导论[M].北京：科学出版社,2009.
[20]白新鹏,食品安全热点问题解析[M].北京：中国计量出版社,2010.
[21]刘亚平,走向监管国家：以食品安全为例[M].北京：中央编译出版社,2011.
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