中国东北地区中生代双翅目长角亚目昆虫化石研究
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摘要
我国东北辽宁省西部和内蒙古自治区东部具有丰富的化石资源。该地区陆相地层发育完好,是世界上中生代陆相地层研究的经典地区之一,主要的陆生化石主要采自中侏罗世的九龙山组和晚侏罗世的义县组地层。在这些化石中,昆虫化石十分丰富,为研究昆虫的起源和早期演化提供了重要证据。
本文简要回顾了双翅目化石昆虫的地质历史和研究现状;总结了双翅目的形态特征和生物学,并初步探讨了双翅目昆虫的起源、演化及系统发育。
文中重点对首都师范大学昆虫演化与环境变迁重点实验室收藏的双翅目化石作了系统分类,共描述鉴定了4属20种,其中17新种3老种。4属:原始大蚊属ArchitipulaHandlirsch,1906;原褶蚊属Eoptychopterinae Kalugina,1985;刻痕原褶蚊属Crenoptychoptera Kalugina,1985;中生毛蚊属Mesoplecia Rohdendorf,1938。20种:异常原始大蚊Architiula abnormis sp.nov.;同形原始大蚊Architipula conformis sp.nov.;迷你原始大蚊Architipula venustus sp.nov.;可爱原始大蚊Architipula decorus sp.nov.;清晰原始大蚊Architipula exiguous sp.nov.;长卵圆原始大蚊Architipula longiovalis sp.nov.;奇异原始大蚊Architipula peuiliaris sp.nov.;细足原始大蚊Architipula tenuitibia sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina elenae Ren,2002;前原褶蚊Eoptychopterina antica sp.nov.;连原褶蚊Eoptychopterina adnexa sp.nov.;中原褶蚊Eoptychopterina mediata sp.nov.;精致原褶蚊Eoptychopterina exquisite sp.nov.;华美刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera decorosa sp.nov.;普通刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera vulgaris sp.nov.;近刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera vicina sp.nov.;中国原毛蚊Mesoplecia sinica Zhang,2007;联合原毛蚊Mesoplecia coadnata sp.nov.;古原毛蚊Mesoplecia antiqua sp.nov.;弯曲原毛蚊Mesoplecia anfracta sp.nov.。
本文对所有新属新种进行详细描记,标本的鉴定和初步描绘主要借助于Leica MZ12.5显微镜及附带的绘图臂绘制出标本形态特征图。部分线条图借助于CorelDrawl2绘图软件完成。利用LAICAM Z12.5实体显微镜。
研究标本均保存在首都师范大学生命科学学院。
Eastern Inner Mongolia and Western Liaoning are located in the Northeast part of China. This area is one of the most typical in the world,with well-developed continental Mesozoic sediments,yielding abundant fossils.Most motable fossils from this area are from the terrestrial Jurassic,especially in Jiulongshan Formation of Middle Jurassic and Yixian Formation of Late Jurassic,where abundant insect fossils have been discovered,providing important evident for the study of the origin and early evolution of insects.
The present paper is a taxonomic study of fossil Diptera from Northeast China.Firstly,the researching history on Diptera is provided.Secondly,the morphology and biology are reviewed. Then the origin,evolution and phylogenesis of Diptera are discussed.At last,a taxonomic work on Mesozoic Diptera is presented.Species of genera within Limoniidae、Eoptychopteridae、Protopleciidae reported.
The genera and new species in this paper are listed as follows:
Genera:Architipula Handlirsch,1906;Eoptychopterinae Kalugina,1985;Crenoptychoptera Kalugina,1985;Mesoplecia Rohdendorf,1938.
New species:Architipula abnormis sp.nov.;Architipula conformis sp.nov.;Architipula venustus sp.nov.;Architipula decorus sp.nov.;Architipula exiguous sp.nov.;Architipula longiovalis sp.nov.;Architipula peuiliaris sp.nov.;Architipula tenuitibia sp.nov.; Eoptychopterina antica sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina adnexa sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina mediata sp. nov.;Eoptychopterina exquisite sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina elenae Ren,2002;Crenoptychoptera decorosa sp.nov.;Crenoptychoptera vulgaris sp.nov.;Crenoptychoptera vicina sp.nov.; Mesoplecia sinica Zhang,2007;Mesoplecia coadnata sp.nov.;Mesoplecia antiqua sp.nov.; Mesoplecia anfracta sp.nov.
The important critical characteristics of the genera and species are described.The specimens were examined with LAICA MZ 12.5 dissecting microscope and illustrated with the aid of a drawing tube attached to microscope and the software of CorelDraw12.
All the type specimens described here are deposited in the College of Life Sxience,Capital Normal University in Beijing,China.
本文简要回顾了双翅目化石昆虫的地质历史和研究现状;总结了双翅目的形态特征和生物学,并初步探讨了双翅目昆虫的起源、演化及系统发育。
文中重点对首都师范大学昆虫演化与环境变迁重点实验室收藏的双翅目化石作了系统分类,共描述鉴定了4属20种,其中17新种3老种。4属:原始大蚊属ArchitipulaHandlirsch,1906;原褶蚊属Eoptychopterinae Kalugina,1985;刻痕原褶蚊属Crenoptychoptera Kalugina,1985;中生毛蚊属Mesoplecia Rohdendorf,1938。20种:异常原始大蚊Architiula abnormis sp.nov.;同形原始大蚊Architipula conformis sp.nov.;迷你原始大蚊Architipula venustus sp.nov.;可爱原始大蚊Architipula decorus sp.nov.;清晰原始大蚊Architipula exiguous sp.nov.;长卵圆原始大蚊Architipula longiovalis sp.nov.;奇异原始大蚊Architipula peuiliaris sp.nov.;细足原始大蚊Architipula tenuitibia sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina elenae Ren,2002;前原褶蚊Eoptychopterina antica sp.nov.;连原褶蚊Eoptychopterina adnexa sp.nov.;中原褶蚊Eoptychopterina mediata sp.nov.;精致原褶蚊Eoptychopterina exquisite sp.nov.;华美刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera decorosa sp.nov.;普通刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera vulgaris sp.nov.;近刻痕原褶蚊Crenoptychoptera vicina sp.nov.;中国原毛蚊Mesoplecia sinica Zhang,2007;联合原毛蚊Mesoplecia coadnata sp.nov.;古原毛蚊Mesoplecia antiqua sp.nov.;弯曲原毛蚊Mesoplecia anfracta sp.nov.。
本文对所有新属新种进行详细描记,标本的鉴定和初步描绘主要借助于Leica MZ12.5显微镜及附带的绘图臂绘制出标本形态特征图。部分线条图借助于CorelDrawl2绘图软件完成。利用LAICAM Z12.5实体显微镜。
研究标本均保存在首都师范大学生命科学学院。
Eastern Inner Mongolia and Western Liaoning are located in the Northeast part of China. This area is one of the most typical in the world,with well-developed continental Mesozoic sediments,yielding abundant fossils.Most motable fossils from this area are from the terrestrial Jurassic,especially in Jiulongshan Formation of Middle Jurassic and Yixian Formation of Late Jurassic,where abundant insect fossils have been discovered,providing important evident for the study of the origin and early evolution of insects.
The present paper is a taxonomic study of fossil Diptera from Northeast China.Firstly,the researching history on Diptera is provided.Secondly,the morphology and biology are reviewed. Then the origin,evolution and phylogenesis of Diptera are discussed.At last,a taxonomic work on Mesozoic Diptera is presented.Species of genera within Limoniidae、Eoptychopteridae、Protopleciidae reported.
The genera and new species in this paper are listed as follows:
Genera:Architipula Handlirsch,1906;Eoptychopterinae Kalugina,1985;Crenoptychoptera Kalugina,1985;Mesoplecia Rohdendorf,1938.
New species:Architipula abnormis sp.nov.;Architipula conformis sp.nov.;Architipula venustus sp.nov.;Architipula decorus sp.nov.;Architipula exiguous sp.nov.;Architipula longiovalis sp.nov.;Architipula peuiliaris sp.nov.;Architipula tenuitibia sp.nov.; Eoptychopterina antica sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina adnexa sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina mediata sp. nov.;Eoptychopterina exquisite sp.nov.;Eoptychopterina elenae Ren,2002;Crenoptychoptera decorosa sp.nov.;Crenoptychoptera vulgaris sp.nov.;Crenoptychoptera vicina sp.nov.; Mesoplecia sinica Zhang,2007;Mesoplecia coadnata sp.nov.;Mesoplecia antiqua sp.nov.; Mesoplecia anfracta sp.nov.
The important critical characteristics of the genera and species are described.The specimens were examined with LAICA MZ 12.5 dissecting microscope and illustrated with the aid of a drawing tube attached to microscope and the software of CorelDraw12.
All the type specimens described here are deposited in the College of Life Sxience,Capital Normal University in Beijing,China.
引文
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