桑叶功能成分的分离及其水提物对Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠治疗作用的研究
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摘要
论文以桑叶为研究对象,研究其功能成分的提取分离工艺和桑叶水提物对链脲霉素(STZ)诱导的Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠的治疗作用,所得结果为桑叶功能成分的综合开发利用提供了理论支撑。主要包括以下几个方面：
1、通过实验建立了桑叶中白藜芦醇的HPLC检测方法和1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-Deoxynojirimycin,简称DNJ)的HPLC-柱前衍生法测定方法,并对方法的稳定性、重复性和精密度等进行了验证；通过研究提取溶剂、提取时间、提取温度等单因素对白藜芦醇、DNJ提取的影响,应用正交设计分别优化了桑叶白藜芦醇、DNJ的提取工艺条件；研究了原料质量浓度,提取温度,提取时间,提取次数等单因素对多糖提取率的影响,并利用正交设计和响应面实验设计进一步优化其提取的工艺条件；
2、通过应用硅胶柱层析对白藜芦醇粗提物进行纯化,获得了含量为98.3%的白藜芦醇；比较了7种大孔树脂和聚酰胺对桑叶DNJ的纯化效果,并筛选出合适的吸附剂；对初步纯化后的DNJ使用阳离子交换树脂进行精制,通过研究D102对1-脱氧野尻霉素的交换容量和洗脱曲线,使经过二次柱色谱分离的DNJ含量达到80%；
3、为提高桑叶中白藜芦醇的利用率,研究利用微生物与桑叶原料进行带渣发酵,并对发酵条件进行了优化,使菌体的胞外酶能够转化桑叶白藜芦醇苷生成白藜芦醇,提高了从桑叶中提取白藜芦醇的收率,在桑叶深加工中尚属首次；
4、为了研究桑叶水提物对Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠的治疗的药理效果,通过腹腔注射链脲霉素(STZ)诱导Ⅰ-型糖尿病小鼠模型,采用桑叶水提物灌胃进行治疗,通过测定糖尿病相关的10项生化指标,研究桑叶水提物对STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠治疗的药理功效,为桑叶功能成分的开发提供了实验和理论依据；
5、通过对桑叶水提物治疗后的Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠病理标本进行分析,结合糖原染色法(PAS)和细胞凋亡检测(TUNEL)法,研究桑叶水提取物对糖尿病小鼠肝、肾、胰腺细胞水平的影响,为其应用于临床防治糖尿病及其并发症提供实验和理论依据,结果表明一定浓度的桑叶水提物能够修复Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠胰岛细胞,促进胰岛素的正常分泌；
6、通过对桑叶提取物体外抗糖基化和自由基的活性进行研究,发现了桑叶提取物具有一定抗氧化能力。
This paper focus on Morus alba L., study on the technology of extraction and the hypoglycemic effect of the functional components in I-diabetic mice, the results will support the comprehensive development of functional components of mulberry leaves at the theoretical level. It include the following:
1. HPLC detection methods of resveratrol in mulberry leaves was established, determination of1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaves was established, and the method of stability, repeatability and precision of was verified, then the optimal extraction process of resveratrol was established by using single factor and orthogonal test; Then single factor such as the extraction solvent, extraction time and extraction temperature was studied for the extraction effects of DNJ, in order obtained the best extraction conditions, a orthogonal experiment was studied; Mulberry in the water-soluble polysaccharide as the research object, single factor such as the raw material concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and numbers of extraction was studied on, for the extraction yield of polysaccharides, to further, orthogonal experiment and response surface experimental design was used to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharide;
2. High purity content of98.3%resveratrol was purified by used silica gel column chromatography. In order to selected the appropriate resin to purified1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaf extract,7types of macroporous resin and polyamide were used and sorbent purification of DNJ capacity was compared; after the initial purification, a D102cation exchange resin was used to purification DNJ, by studied the exchange capacity and elution curve of1-deoxynojirimycin, DNJ content reached80%.
3. Research carried out by microorganisms and mulberry raw materials with waste fermented, it is the first time in deep processing of mulberry leaves. In order to promoted extracellular bacterial secreted enzymes to catalytic polydatin to resveratrol in mulberry leaves, the fermentation conditions were optimized.
4. To study the pharmacological effects of aqueous extract from mulberry leaves on Ⅰ-diabetic mice, which induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ),10biochemical parameters was observed after fed by water extract of mulberry leaves. It will provide experimental and theoretical basis for the mulberry leaf processing.
5. The pathological specimens were analyzed after using water extract of mulberry leaves treated the I-diabetic mice, with glycogen staining (PAS) and apoptosis detection method (TUNEL) to study the mulberry leaf extract on diabetic mice liver, kidney and pancreatic of cells level, for treating diabetes and its complications in clinical and theoretical basis to provide experimental results. It was shown that a certain concentration of aqueous extract of mulberry leaves can repair I-diabetic mice islet cells, promoting normal insulin secretion.
6. Mulberry leaf extracts of anti-glycation and free radicals have been studied and found that the mulberry leaf extract has a certain antioxidant capacity.
1、通过实验建立了桑叶中白藜芦醇的HPLC检测方法和1-脱氧野尻霉素(1-Deoxynojirimycin,简称DNJ)的HPLC-柱前衍生法测定方法,并对方法的稳定性、重复性和精密度等进行了验证；通过研究提取溶剂、提取时间、提取温度等单因素对白藜芦醇、DNJ提取的影响,应用正交设计分别优化了桑叶白藜芦醇、DNJ的提取工艺条件；研究了原料质量浓度,提取温度,提取时间,提取次数等单因素对多糖提取率的影响,并利用正交设计和响应面实验设计进一步优化其提取的工艺条件；
2、通过应用硅胶柱层析对白藜芦醇粗提物进行纯化,获得了含量为98.3%的白藜芦醇；比较了7种大孔树脂和聚酰胺对桑叶DNJ的纯化效果,并筛选出合适的吸附剂；对初步纯化后的DNJ使用阳离子交换树脂进行精制,通过研究D102对1-脱氧野尻霉素的交换容量和洗脱曲线,使经过二次柱色谱分离的DNJ含量达到80%；
3、为提高桑叶中白藜芦醇的利用率,研究利用微生物与桑叶原料进行带渣发酵,并对发酵条件进行了优化,使菌体的胞外酶能够转化桑叶白藜芦醇苷生成白藜芦醇,提高了从桑叶中提取白藜芦醇的收率,在桑叶深加工中尚属首次；
4、为了研究桑叶水提物对Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠的治疗的药理效果,通过腹腔注射链脲霉素(STZ)诱导Ⅰ-型糖尿病小鼠模型,采用桑叶水提物灌胃进行治疗,通过测定糖尿病相关的10项生化指标,研究桑叶水提物对STZ诱导的糖尿病小鼠治疗的药理功效,为桑叶功能成分的开发提供了实验和理论依据；
5、通过对桑叶水提物治疗后的Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠病理标本进行分析,结合糖原染色法(PAS)和细胞凋亡检测(TUNEL)法,研究桑叶水提取物对糖尿病小鼠肝、肾、胰腺细胞水平的影响,为其应用于临床防治糖尿病及其并发症提供实验和理论依据,结果表明一定浓度的桑叶水提物能够修复Ⅰ-糖尿病小鼠胰岛细胞,促进胰岛素的正常分泌；
6、通过对桑叶提取物体外抗糖基化和自由基的活性进行研究,发现了桑叶提取物具有一定抗氧化能力。
This paper focus on Morus alba L., study on the technology of extraction and the hypoglycemic effect of the functional components in I-diabetic mice, the results will support the comprehensive development of functional components of mulberry leaves at the theoretical level. It include the following:
1. HPLC detection methods of resveratrol in mulberry leaves was established, determination of1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaves was established, and the method of stability, repeatability and precision of was verified, then the optimal extraction process of resveratrol was established by using single factor and orthogonal test; Then single factor such as the extraction solvent, extraction time and extraction temperature was studied for the extraction effects of DNJ, in order obtained the best extraction conditions, a orthogonal experiment was studied; Mulberry in the water-soluble polysaccharide as the research object, single factor such as the raw material concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and numbers of extraction was studied on, for the extraction yield of polysaccharides, to further, orthogonal experiment and response surface experimental design was used to optimize the extraction conditions of polysaccharide;
2. High purity content of98.3%resveratrol was purified by used silica gel column chromatography. In order to selected the appropriate resin to purified1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaf extract,7types of macroporous resin and polyamide were used and sorbent purification of DNJ capacity was compared; after the initial purification, a D102cation exchange resin was used to purification DNJ, by studied the exchange capacity and elution curve of1-deoxynojirimycin, DNJ content reached80%.
3. Research carried out by microorganisms and mulberry raw materials with waste fermented, it is the first time in deep processing of mulberry leaves. In order to promoted extracellular bacterial secreted enzymes to catalytic polydatin to resveratrol in mulberry leaves, the fermentation conditions were optimized.
4. To study the pharmacological effects of aqueous extract from mulberry leaves on Ⅰ-diabetic mice, which induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ),10biochemical parameters was observed after fed by water extract of mulberry leaves. It will provide experimental and theoretical basis for the mulberry leaf processing.
5. The pathological specimens were analyzed after using water extract of mulberry leaves treated the I-diabetic mice, with glycogen staining (PAS) and apoptosis detection method (TUNEL) to study the mulberry leaf extract on diabetic mice liver, kidney and pancreatic of cells level, for treating diabetes and its complications in clinical and theoretical basis to provide experimental results. It was shown that a certain concentration of aqueous extract of mulberry leaves can repair I-diabetic mice islet cells, promoting normal insulin secretion.
6. Mulberry leaf extracts of anti-glycation and free radicals have been studied and found that the mulberry leaf extract has a certain antioxidant capacity.
引文
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