探测高速目标的二相编码雷达技术研究
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摘要
现代电子对抗技术的日新月异,要求雷达具有极强的隐蔽性。而相位编码信号的随机特性使其具有低截获性能,因此相位编码雷达在雷达技术中占有非常重要的地位。本文针对二相码信号在探测高速目标方面的处理方法展开研究。本文主要研究二相编码雷达对高速目标的探测,其主要工作有：二相码探测雷达的波形设计,对目标进行跟踪测角,对高速目标的回波进行信号处理并设计雷达系统控制软件。对于测角,采用单脉冲和/差波束测角技术,基于其基本原理进行了公式推导,并给出方位角和俯仰角的数学表达式,对于高速目标的回波信号进行了脉冲压缩,Keystone变换校正距离走动,动目标显示(MTI)/动目标检测(MTD),恒虚警处理和目标凝聚处理,并在凝聚之后,采用双重重复频率解决速度模糊,并进行仿真验证。本文还设计了雷达系统控制软件,并解决了两个技术问题,其一是使用微软公司提供的Winsock类库,在VC6.0平台下实现了PC端软件与DSP(数字信号处理器)之间的网络通信,其二是使用双缓冲绘图法实现将PC从DSP端接收到的经过雷达信号处理和数据处理之后的代表航迹点的数据,在雷达系统控制软件的P显示屏上进行无闪烁的实时绘制。
With the electronic countermeasure technology developing rapidly, it need to increase the radar anti-jamming ability. And phase-coded signal has the performance of low probability of intercept because of its pseudo randomness, so the phase-coded radar plays an important role in radar field. The paper research the method of detecting high speed target in PBRC radar system.This paper mainly research the design of transmitted waveform on PBRC radar. The main working is designing the signal. And givinging the technology of measuring sum and difference beam angle, The paper contrapose high speed target,give the method of radar signal processing and design control software of radar system. To the technology of measuring sum and difference beam angle, the paper gives the mathematical expression of the two angles based on the principle. To the high speed target, the paper has some processing to the echo-wave, such as pulse compression, Keystone transform which adjusts range walking moving target indication(MTI)/moving target detection(MTD), CFAR processing and target coagulation processing, and also presenting a method of solving velocity ambiguity which is to send the pulse with two kinds of repeat frequence. And all above has been through the simulation. The paper also design the software of radar control system. And solving the two major technology problems, one hand is to use the class Winsock which is offered by Microsoft archive the communication between the PC and DSP on VC6.0. The other hand is using double buffering method to draw the data standing for points which are received from DSP on the P screen which have no splash.
With the electronic countermeasure technology developing rapidly, it need to increase the radar anti-jamming ability. And phase-coded signal has the performance of low probability of intercept because of its pseudo randomness, so the phase-coded radar plays an important role in radar field. The paper research the method of detecting high speed target in PBRC radar system.This paper mainly research the design of transmitted waveform on PBRC radar. The main working is designing the signal. And givinging the technology of measuring sum and difference beam angle, The paper contrapose high speed target,give the method of radar signal processing and design control software of radar system. To the technology of measuring sum and difference beam angle, the paper gives the mathematical expression of the two angles based on the principle. To the high speed target, the paper has some processing to the echo-wave, such as pulse compression, Keystone transform which adjusts range walking moving target indication(MTI)/moving target detection(MTD), CFAR processing and target coagulation processing, and also presenting a method of solving velocity ambiguity which is to send the pulse with two kinds of repeat frequence. And all above has been through the simulation. The paper also design the software of radar control system. And solving the two major technology problems, one hand is to use the class Winsock which is offered by Microsoft archive the communication between the PC and DSP on VC6.0. The other hand is using double buffering method to draw the data standing for points which are received from DSP on the P screen which have no splash.
引文
[1]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.第三版.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2006.
[2] Skolnik M. I. Radar handbook. New York:McGraw-Hill,1999.
[3] Guosui L, Hong G, Weimin S. The present and the future of the random signal radars. IEEE AES System Magazine,1997,12(10):35-40.
[4] Guosui L, Hong G, Weimin S. Development of random signal radar. IEEE Trans.On AES,1999,35(3):770-777.
[5] Hong G, Guosui L. A new kind of radar-random phase-eoded CW radar. In Proceeding of NATRAD'97, Syraeuse, USA,1997, (5):202-206.
[6]刘国岁,顾红.随机雷达信号的平均模糊函数.电子学报,1991,19(5)：35-40.
[7] 顾红,刘国岁.随机二相编码连续波雷达的研究.电子学报,1995,23(12)：72-73.
[8]奕旭名.P相码旁瓣抑制.雷达与对抗,1990,(3)：31-33.
[9] 刘国岁,宋耀良.随机信号雷达的现状与展望.现代雷达,1992,14(2)：1-6.
[10]顾红,刘国岁.随机二相码CW雷达体制综述.现代雷达,1992.14(2)：14-17.
[11] Mcgillcm C D, Cooper G R, Waltaman W B. An experiment random signal radar. Proc. at. Conf, Oct23,1967.
[12] Mark A. Richards.雷达信号处理基础.北京：电子工业出版社,2008.
[13]李炳成.基于模拟退火的二相码选码方法.电子科学学刊,1991,13(3)：255-262.
[14]孔祥维,黄申,李国平.神经网络在二相编码信号旁瓣抑制中应用.大连理工大学学报,2001,41(1)：123-125.
[15] Ackroyd M H. Synthesis of effieient Huffman sequences. IEEE Trans. AerosPace and Electronic Systems,1972, 1(8):2-8.
[16] Key E L, Fowle E N, Haggarty R D. A method of sidelobe suppression in phase coded Pulse. M. T. I. Lincoln Lab, Lexington, Tech,1959,209(8):1087-1092.
[17] Rihaczek A W, Golden R M. Range sidelobe suppression for baker codes. IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1971,7(11):1087-1092.
[18] Ackroyd M H, Ghani F. Optimal mis-matched filters for sidelobe suppression. IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1973,9(4):214-218.
[19]徐红侠,刘宏伟.多普勒最优失配滤波器在相位编码脉压旁瓣抑制中的应用.火控雷达技术,2008,37(2)：29-32.
[20] J. Su, M. Xing, Z. Bao. High-speed multi-target detection with narrowband radar. IEEE Transactions Radar, Sonar and Navigation,2010,4(4):595-603.
[21] Guangcai S, Rui G, Mengdao X, Yu Z. Comparison of several methods for high speed detection target with narrow bandwidth. Synthetic Aperture Radar,2009. APSAR 2009.2nd Asian-Pacific Conference,2009:767-770.
[22] Perry R P, Dipietro R C, Fante R L. SAR imaging of moving target. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1999,35(1):188-189.
[23]卢护林,冼有伦,苏涛.一种相位编码信号多普勒补偿方法的研究与实现.火控雷达技术,2009,38(1)：23-25.
[24]吴仁彪,贾琼琼,李海.机载雷达高速空中微弱动目标检测新方法.电子与信息学报,2011,33(6)：1459-1464.
[25]张顺生,曾涛.基于Keystone变换的微弱目标检测.电子学报,2005,33(9)：1675-1678.
[26]李阳,龙腾.基于Keystone变换的相位编码信号长时间积累方法.北京理工大学学报,2009,29(1)：54-58.
[27] Mo Li, Wu Siliang. Radar detection of range migrated weak target through long-term Integration. Chinese Journal of Electronics,2003,12(4):539-544.
[28] Bluesten L I. A linear filtering approach to the computation of discrete fourier transform. IEEE on AU,1970,18(4):451-455.
[29] Yang Li, Tao Zeng, Teng Long. Range migration compensation and doppler ambiguity resolution by keystone transform. Radar,2006. CIE'06. International Conference,2006:1-4.
[30] D. Zhu, Y. Li, Z.Zhu. A keystone transform without interpolation for SAR ground moving-target imaging. IEEE Geosci. Romate Sens. Lett,2007,4(1):18-22.
[31]保诤,邢孟道,王彤.雷达成像技术.北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[32]袁超.高增益信号处理方法的研究.南京理工大学硕士论文,2009.
[33]蒋润良.相位编码雷达信号处理及其应用研究.南京理工大学硕士论文,2003.
[34]徐天成,谷亚林,钱玲.信号与系统.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2006.
[35]赵树杰.雷达信号处理技术.北京：清华大学出版社,2010.
[36]张光义.相控阵雷达原理.北京：国防工业出版社,2009.
[37]毛祺.相位和差单脉冲雷达仿真研究.电子科技大学硕士论文,2008.
[38]保的.相控阵二维和差测角方法及其实现研究.西安电子科技大学硕士论文,2010.
[39]杨万海.雷达系统建模与仿真.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2007.
[40]王娟,赵永波.Keystone变换实现方法研究.火控雷达技术,2011,40(1)：45-51.
[41]景占荣,羊彦.信号检测与估计.北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
[42] Bassem R. Mahafza, Atef Z. Elsherbeni雷达系统设计MATLAB仿真.北京：电子工业出版社,2009.
[43] Duane Hanselman.精通Matlab7.北京：清华大学出版社,2006.
[44]易正红.相位编码雷达信号特征研究.电子对抗技术,2002,17(2)：7-10.
[45]李翠霞.零基础学Visual C++.北京：机械工业出版社,2010.
[46] David J.Kruglinski. Visual C++6.0技术内幕.北京：北京希望电子出版社,2000.
[47] Michael J. Young. Visual C++6从入门到精通.北京：电子工业出版社,1999.
[48] Anthony Jones, Jim Ohlund. Windows网络编程技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[49]梁敏,陈万军.用VC实现基于TCP/IP的局域网内点对点的大文件传输.西北民族大学学报,2005,26(2)：72-76.
[2] Skolnik M. I. Radar handbook. New York:McGraw-Hill,1999.
[3] Guosui L, Hong G, Weimin S. The present and the future of the random signal radars. IEEE AES System Magazine,1997,12(10):35-40.
[4] Guosui L, Hong G, Weimin S. Development of random signal radar. IEEE Trans.On AES,1999,35(3):770-777.
[5] Hong G, Guosui L. A new kind of radar-random phase-eoded CW radar. In Proceeding of NATRAD'97, Syraeuse, USA,1997, (5):202-206.
[6]刘国岁,顾红.随机雷达信号的平均模糊函数.电子学报,1991,19(5)：35-40.
[7] 顾红,刘国岁.随机二相编码连续波雷达的研究.电子学报,1995,23(12)：72-73.
[8]奕旭名.P相码旁瓣抑制.雷达与对抗,1990,(3)：31-33.
[9] 刘国岁,宋耀良.随机信号雷达的现状与展望.现代雷达,1992,14(2)：1-6.
[10]顾红,刘国岁.随机二相码CW雷达体制综述.现代雷达,1992.14(2)：14-17.
[11] Mcgillcm C D, Cooper G R, Waltaman W B. An experiment random signal radar. Proc. at. Conf, Oct23,1967.
[12] Mark A. Richards.雷达信号处理基础.北京：电子工业出版社,2008.
[13]李炳成.基于模拟退火的二相码选码方法.电子科学学刊,1991,13(3)：255-262.
[14]孔祥维,黄申,李国平.神经网络在二相编码信号旁瓣抑制中应用.大连理工大学学报,2001,41(1)：123-125.
[15] Ackroyd M H. Synthesis of effieient Huffman sequences. IEEE Trans. AerosPace and Electronic Systems,1972, 1(8):2-8.
[16] Key E L, Fowle E N, Haggarty R D. A method of sidelobe suppression in phase coded Pulse. M. T. I. Lincoln Lab, Lexington, Tech,1959,209(8):1087-1092.
[17] Rihaczek A W, Golden R M. Range sidelobe suppression for baker codes. IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1971,7(11):1087-1092.
[18] Ackroyd M H, Ghani F. Optimal mis-matched filters for sidelobe suppression. IEEE Transaction on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1973,9(4):214-218.
[19]徐红侠,刘宏伟.多普勒最优失配滤波器在相位编码脉压旁瓣抑制中的应用.火控雷达技术,2008,37(2)：29-32.
[20] J. Su, M. Xing, Z. Bao. High-speed multi-target detection with narrowband radar. IEEE Transactions Radar, Sonar and Navigation,2010,4(4):595-603.
[21] Guangcai S, Rui G, Mengdao X, Yu Z. Comparison of several methods for high speed detection target with narrow bandwidth. Synthetic Aperture Radar,2009. APSAR 2009.2nd Asian-Pacific Conference,2009:767-770.
[22] Perry R P, Dipietro R C, Fante R L. SAR imaging of moving target. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1999,35(1):188-189.
[23]卢护林,冼有伦,苏涛.一种相位编码信号多普勒补偿方法的研究与实现.火控雷达技术,2009,38(1)：23-25.
[24]吴仁彪,贾琼琼,李海.机载雷达高速空中微弱动目标检测新方法.电子与信息学报,2011,33(6)：1459-1464.
[25]张顺生,曾涛.基于Keystone变换的微弱目标检测.电子学报,2005,33(9)：1675-1678.
[26]李阳,龙腾.基于Keystone变换的相位编码信号长时间积累方法.北京理工大学学报,2009,29(1)：54-58.
[27] Mo Li, Wu Siliang. Radar detection of range migrated weak target through long-term Integration. Chinese Journal of Electronics,2003,12(4):539-544.
[28] Bluesten L I. A linear filtering approach to the computation of discrete fourier transform. IEEE on AU,1970,18(4):451-455.
[29] Yang Li, Tao Zeng, Teng Long. Range migration compensation and doppler ambiguity resolution by keystone transform. Radar,2006. CIE'06. International Conference,2006:1-4.
[30] D. Zhu, Y. Li, Z.Zhu. A keystone transform without interpolation for SAR ground moving-target imaging. IEEE Geosci. Romate Sens. Lett,2007,4(1):18-22.
[31]保诤,邢孟道,王彤.雷达成像技术.北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[32]袁超.高增益信号处理方法的研究.南京理工大学硕士论文,2009.
[33]蒋润良.相位编码雷达信号处理及其应用研究.南京理工大学硕士论文,2003.
[34]徐天成,谷亚林,钱玲.信号与系统.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,2006.
[35]赵树杰.雷达信号处理技术.北京：清华大学出版社,2010.
[36]张光义.相控阵雷达原理.北京：国防工业出版社,2009.
[37]毛祺.相位和差单脉冲雷达仿真研究.电子科技大学硕士论文,2008.
[38]保的.相控阵二维和差测角方法及其实现研究.西安电子科技大学硕士论文,2010.
[39]杨万海.雷达系统建模与仿真.西安：西安电子科技大学出版社,2007.
[40]王娟,赵永波.Keystone变换实现方法研究.火控雷达技术,2011,40(1)：45-51.
[41]景占荣,羊彦.信号检测与估计.北京：化学工业出版社,2004.
[42] Bassem R. Mahafza, Atef Z. Elsherbeni雷达系统设计MATLAB仿真.北京：电子工业出版社,2009.
[43] Duane Hanselman.精通Matlab7.北京：清华大学出版社,2006.
[44]易正红.相位编码雷达信号特征研究.电子对抗技术,2002,17(2)：7-10.
[45]李翠霞.零基础学Visual C++.北京：机械工业出版社,2010.
[46] David J.Kruglinski. Visual C++6.0技术内幕.北京：北京希望电子出版社,2000.
[47] Michael J. Young. Visual C++6从入门到精通.北京：电子工业出版社,1999.
[48] Anthony Jones, Jim Ohlund. Windows网络编程技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2000.
[49]梁敏,陈万军.用VC实现基于TCP/IP的局域网内点对点的大文件传输.西北民族大学学报,2005,26(2)：72-76.