壁厚小于2mm冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件承载力试验研究及理论分析
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摘要
由于在编制规范时缺乏相关的试验资料,我国现行标准《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》GB50018—2002中缺乏相应于壁厚小于2mm构件的设计计算规定。为了扩大GB50018—2002规范适用范围,了解2mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢构件的受力性能,验证现行标准《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》GB50018—2002相关设计规定对2mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢构件承载力计算的适用性,开展壁厚小于2mm的冷弯薄壁型钢构件试验研究及理论分析是十分必要的。
本文主要针对壁厚为1mm的13根冷弯卷边槽形截面简支梁的受弯性能进行了静力试验研究,研究在模拟均布荷载作用下,薄壁构件受弯时的局部屈曲、变形以及破坏特点。同时根据美国钢铁协会(AISI)的试验资料,本文对背靠背双轴对称卷边工形截面冷弯薄壁型钢试件受弯试验也进行了介绍。
在试验数据基础上,按照我国规范条文计算了壁厚为1mm的冷弯卷边槽形截面试件和壁厚2mm以下背靠背双轴对称卷边工形截面冷弯薄壁型钢试件的受弯极限承载力。与试验极限承载力比较,结果表明我国规范GB50018-2002适用于计算壁厚2.0mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件的极限承载力。
利用非线性有限元软件ANSYS模拟均布荷载作用下壁厚为1.0mm冷弯卷边槽形截面受弯构件的受力性能,并将分析所得结果与试验结果进行比较,二者吻合较好。同时利用有限元程序对截面壁厚、截面腹板高度等进行了参数分析,分析结果表明用我国规范对2mm以下冷弯薄壁受弯构件是可行并偏于安全的。
For lack of relative experimental data, Chinese current design code, "Technical code of cold-formed thin-walled steel structures" GB50018-2002, is deficient in relevant specifications for the cold-formed steel members whose thicknesses are less than 2mm. To widen the code's scope of application, to understand the behavior of the cold-formed steel members with thickness less than 2mm, and to verify the suitability of the code GB50018-2002, the experimental study and theoretical analysis on the cold-formed steel members whose thicknesses are less than 2mm are very necessary.
The paper primarily focuses on the static experimental study on the flexural behavior of the 13 cold-formed lipped channel members with thickness equal to 1mm. Through the test of simulating uniform load, local buckling, deformation and failure features of the members are achieved. Meanwhile, the paper also introduces the test of cold-formed double symmetric I section steel beam assembled by back-to-back two C sections taken from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
On the basis of the test results, the load carrying capacity of all the two sorts of test members by using effective width method of Chinese code is calculated in this paper. Comparing the calculated results with the test results, the paper verifies the suitability of the code GB50018-2002 to our research subjects.
The paper also uses the nonlinear finite element software-ANSYS to analyze the bending behavior of the the cold-formed lipped channel members with thickness equal to 1mm under uniform loading. The comparision of FEM results and test results show that they are agree well with each other. At the same time, some parameters refer to sectional thickness, web heights are analysed by ANSYS. The anslysis results confirm that the process of calculating load carrying capacity of flexural member according to Chinese code GB50018-2002 is feasible.
本文主要针对壁厚为1mm的13根冷弯卷边槽形截面简支梁的受弯性能进行了静力试验研究,研究在模拟均布荷载作用下,薄壁构件受弯时的局部屈曲、变形以及破坏特点。同时根据美国钢铁协会(AISI)的试验资料,本文对背靠背双轴对称卷边工形截面冷弯薄壁型钢试件受弯试验也进行了介绍。
在试验数据基础上,按照我国规范条文计算了壁厚为1mm的冷弯卷边槽形截面试件和壁厚2mm以下背靠背双轴对称卷边工形截面冷弯薄壁型钢试件的受弯极限承载力。与试验极限承载力比较,结果表明我国规范GB50018-2002适用于计算壁厚2.0mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件的极限承载力。
利用非线性有限元软件ANSYS模拟均布荷载作用下壁厚为1.0mm冷弯卷边槽形截面受弯构件的受力性能,并将分析所得结果与试验结果进行比较,二者吻合较好。同时利用有限元程序对截面壁厚、截面腹板高度等进行了参数分析,分析结果表明用我国规范对2mm以下冷弯薄壁受弯构件是可行并偏于安全的。
For lack of relative experimental data, Chinese current design code, "Technical code of cold-formed thin-walled steel structures" GB50018-2002, is deficient in relevant specifications for the cold-formed steel members whose thicknesses are less than 2mm. To widen the code's scope of application, to understand the behavior of the cold-formed steel members with thickness less than 2mm, and to verify the suitability of the code GB50018-2002, the experimental study and theoretical analysis on the cold-formed steel members whose thicknesses are less than 2mm are very necessary.
The paper primarily focuses on the static experimental study on the flexural behavior of the 13 cold-formed lipped channel members with thickness equal to 1mm. Through the test of simulating uniform load, local buckling, deformation and failure features of the members are achieved. Meanwhile, the paper also introduces the test of cold-formed double symmetric I section steel beam assembled by back-to-back two C sections taken from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI).
On the basis of the test results, the load carrying capacity of all the two sorts of test members by using effective width method of Chinese code is calculated in this paper. Comparing the calculated results with the test results, the paper verifies the suitability of the code GB50018-2002 to our research subjects.
The paper also uses the nonlinear finite element software-ANSYS to analyze the bending behavior of the the cold-formed lipped channel members with thickness equal to 1mm under uniform loading. The comparision of FEM results and test results show that they are agree well with each other. At the same time, some parameters refer to sectional thickness, web heights are analysed by ANSYS. The anslysis results confirm that the process of calculating load carrying capacity of flexural member according to Chinese code GB50018-2002 is feasible.
引文
[1]袁莉.发达国家钢产量峰值期特征分析.技术经济与管理研究,2007(1),45-46.
[2]Steel[J].Newsletter for the Light Gauge Steel Engineer Association,2000.1-7.
[3]弓晓芸,严虹.浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J].钢结构,2001(6):27-29.
[4]P.Jrebilcock,Building design using cold-formed steel section,An architect's guide,The Steel Construction Institute,UK,1994.
[5]李凤霞.国外轻型钢结构应用发展概况,国外建材科技,Vol.22,No.2,22-25.
[6]Winter,G.,"Stress Distribution in and Equivalent Width of Flanges of Wide,Thin-Wall Steel Beams" Technical Notes,National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics,No.784,November 1940.
[7]Winter,G.,"Strength of Thin Steel Copression Flanges" Transaction,ASCE,Vol.112,Paper No.2305,1947,pp.527-576.
[8]F.Bleich,Buckling Strength of Metal Structures,McGraw-Hill,New York,N.Y.,1952.
[9]Zetlin,Lev and Winter,G.,"Unsymmetrical Bending of Beams With and Without Lateral Bracing" Proceeding,ASCE,Vol.80,1954.
[10]Winter,G.,"Development of Cold-Formed Light Gage Steel Structures" Pittsburgh Regional Technical Meeting,American Iron and Steel Insititute,October 1959.
[11]La Boube,R,A and Yu W.W."Study of Cold-Formed Steel Beam Webs Subjected to Bending Stress" Proc.Third International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures.St Louis 1975.
[12]Celebi,N.,Pekoz,T.and Winter,G.,"Behavior of Channel and Z-Section Beams Braced by Diaphragms," Proc.of First Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,University of Missouri-Rolla,1971.
[13]Pekoz,T." Diaphragm Braced of Channel and Z-Section Purlins" Report and Computer Program Prepared for MBMA and AISI,1973.
[14]B.W.Schafer,T.Pekoz,r.Laterally Braced Cold-Formed Flexural Members with Edge Stiffened Flanges.Journal of Structural Engineering,February 1999:118-127.
[15]Cheng Yu,and Benjamin W.Schafer,Local Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering.December 2003.
[16]Cheng Yu,and Benjamin W.Schafer,Distortional Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering.April 2006.
[17]Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand.(1996),Cold-Formed Steel Structures -AS/NZS 4600[S],Sydney,NSW,Australia.
[18]American Iron and Steel Institute.(1997).1996 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structure Members[S],Washington,DC,USA'
[19]Ben Young,Gregory J.Hancock.Design of Cold-Formed Channels Subjected to Web Crippling.Journal of Structural Engineering,October 2001:1137-1144.
[20]B.M.Put,Yong-Lin Pi,and N.S.Trahair.Lateral Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Channel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering,May 1999:532-539.
[21]BS 5950-5:1998 British Standard Structural use of steelwork in building—Part 5.Code of practice for design of cold formed thin gauge sections.
[22]于炜文.冷成型钢结构设计.第三版.董军,夏冰青,译.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003.
[23]American Iron and Steel Institute.Cold-formed Steel Back-to-back Header Assembly Tests.Publication RG-9719.August 1997.
[24]周绪红,石宇,周天华等.低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅体系.建筑科学与工程学报,2005,(02):1-14.
[25]郁竑,高欣建等.冷弯型钢在轻型建筑中的应用.建筑门窗与金属建材,1999,(4):8-11.
[26]王元清,石永久,陈宏等.现代轻钢结构建筑及其在我国的应用.中国建筑金属结构,2002,(1):26-31.
[27]上海市标准.轻型钢结构设计规程(DBJ08-68-97).
[28]殷惠光,张跃峰.《低层冷弯薄壁型钢建筑技术规程》编制背景.工程建设与设计,2004,(7):24-26.
[29]西安建筑科技大学钢结构研究所,中国建筑标准设计研究院.壁厚2mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件性能试验研究报告.2006/11.
[30]中华人民共和国建设部.中华人民共和国国家标准《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB50018-2002).中国计划出版社,2002.
[31]中华人民共和国国家标准《金属材料-室温拉伸试验方法》GB/T228-2002,eqv ISO 6892:1998
[32]European Convention for Constructional Steelwork,"Preliminary European Recommendations for the design of profiled sheeting and sections:Part 1-profiled sheeting",ECCS-T7-1981,March 1981.
[33]何保康,周天华.冷弯型钢截面局部屈曲和AISI规范有效宽度计算的统一法则.建筑钢结构进展.2005/8.
[34]Schafer B W,Pekoz T.Direct Strength Prediction of Cold-Formed Steel Members Using Numerical Elastic Buckling Solutions.Second International Conference on Thin-Walled Structures:Thin-Walled Structures Research and Development.Singapore:Elsevier Science Ltd,1998:137-144.
[35]陈绍蕃.钢结构设计原理.第三版.北京:科学出版社,2005.
[36]陈绍蕃.钢结构稳定设计指南.第二版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[37]陈骥.钢结构稳定理论及设计.第二版.北京:科学出版社,2003.
[38]陈绍蕃,苏明周.冷弯型钢檩条的有效截面.建筑结构学报,2003,24(6):63-66.
[39]孙彤,王士奇.中美冷成型钢结构设计规范的比较.钢结构,2006(2),Vol.21,No.85.
[40]张虎,顾强等.卷边槽形截面受弯构件翼缘板的有效宽度.西安建筑科技大学学报,1998,30(2):107-111.
[41]蒋路,何保康.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法,建筑结构,2007/1.
[42]B.M.Put,Yong-Lin Pi,and N.S.Trahair.Lateral Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Z-Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering,November 1999:1277-1283.
[43]Ben Young,M.ASCE,and Gregory J.Hancock.Cold-Formed Steel Channels Subjected to Concentrated Bearing load.Journal of Structural Engineering,August 2003:1003-1010.
[44]任月芬,叶志明.截面尺寸对冷弯薄壁槽形钢屈曲的影响.房材与应用,2005,33(1):1-4.
[45]叶志明,任月芬.薄壁构件屈曲与优化问题的研究.福州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(10):84-89.
[46]殷有泉.固体力学非线性有限元引论.北京:北京大学出版社,1986.
[2]Steel[J].Newsletter for the Light Gauge Steel Engineer Association,2000.1-7.
[3]弓晓芸,严虹.浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J].钢结构,2001(6):27-29.
[4]P.Jrebilcock,Building design using cold-formed steel section,An architect's guide,The Steel Construction Institute,UK,1994.
[5]李凤霞.国外轻型钢结构应用发展概况,国外建材科技,Vol.22,No.2,22-25.
[6]Winter,G.,"Stress Distribution in and Equivalent Width of Flanges of Wide,Thin-Wall Steel Beams" Technical Notes,National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics,No.784,November 1940.
[7]Winter,G.,"Strength of Thin Steel Copression Flanges" Transaction,ASCE,Vol.112,Paper No.2305,1947,pp.527-576.
[8]F.Bleich,Buckling Strength of Metal Structures,McGraw-Hill,New York,N.Y.,1952.
[9]Zetlin,Lev and Winter,G.,"Unsymmetrical Bending of Beams With and Without Lateral Bracing" Proceeding,ASCE,Vol.80,1954.
[10]Winter,G.,"Development of Cold-Formed Light Gage Steel Structures" Pittsburgh Regional Technical Meeting,American Iron and Steel Insititute,October 1959.
[11]La Boube,R,A and Yu W.W."Study of Cold-Formed Steel Beam Webs Subjected to Bending Stress" Proc.Third International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures.St Louis 1975.
[12]Celebi,N.,Pekoz,T.and Winter,G.,"Behavior of Channel and Z-Section Beams Braced by Diaphragms," Proc.of First Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures,University of Missouri-Rolla,1971.
[13]Pekoz,T." Diaphragm Braced of Channel and Z-Section Purlins" Report and Computer Program Prepared for MBMA and AISI,1973.
[14]B.W.Schafer,T.Pekoz,r.Laterally Braced Cold-Formed Flexural Members with Edge Stiffened Flanges.Journal of Structural Engineering,February 1999:118-127.
[15]Cheng Yu,and Benjamin W.Schafer,Local Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering.December 2003.
[16]Cheng Yu,and Benjamin W.Schafer,Distortional Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering.April 2006.
[17]Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand.(1996),Cold-Formed Steel Structures -AS/NZS 4600[S],Sydney,NSW,Australia.
[18]American Iron and Steel Institute.(1997).1996 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structure Members[S],Washington,DC,USA'
[19]Ben Young,Gregory J.Hancock.Design of Cold-Formed Channels Subjected to Web Crippling.Journal of Structural Engineering,October 2001:1137-1144.
[20]B.M.Put,Yong-Lin Pi,and N.S.Trahair.Lateral Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Channel Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering,May 1999:532-539.
[21]BS 5950-5:1998 British Standard Structural use of steelwork in building—Part 5.Code of practice for design of cold formed thin gauge sections.
[22]于炜文.冷成型钢结构设计.第三版.董军,夏冰青,译.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003.
[23]American Iron and Steel Institute.Cold-formed Steel Back-to-back Header Assembly Tests.Publication RG-9719.August 1997.
[24]周绪红,石宇,周天华等.低层冷弯薄壁型钢结构住宅体系.建筑科学与工程学报,2005,(02):1-14.
[25]郁竑,高欣建等.冷弯型钢在轻型建筑中的应用.建筑门窗与金属建材,1999,(4):8-11.
[26]王元清,石永久,陈宏等.现代轻钢结构建筑及其在我国的应用.中国建筑金属结构,2002,(1):26-31.
[27]上海市标准.轻型钢结构设计规程(DBJ08-68-97).
[28]殷惠光,张跃峰.《低层冷弯薄壁型钢建筑技术规程》编制背景.工程建设与设计,2004,(7):24-26.
[29]西安建筑科技大学钢结构研究所,中国建筑标准设计研究院.壁厚2mm以下冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件性能试验研究报告.2006/11.
[30]中华人民共和国建设部.中华人民共和国国家标准《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB50018-2002).中国计划出版社,2002.
[31]中华人民共和国国家标准《金属材料-室温拉伸试验方法》GB/T228-2002,eqv ISO 6892:1998
[32]European Convention for Constructional Steelwork,"Preliminary European Recommendations for the design of profiled sheeting and sections:Part 1-profiled sheeting",ECCS-T7-1981,March 1981.
[33]何保康,周天华.冷弯型钢截面局部屈曲和AISI规范有效宽度计算的统一法则.建筑钢结构进展.2005/8.
[34]Schafer B W,Pekoz T.Direct Strength Prediction of Cold-Formed Steel Members Using Numerical Elastic Buckling Solutions.Second International Conference on Thin-Walled Structures:Thin-Walled Structures Research and Development.Singapore:Elsevier Science Ltd,1998:137-144.
[35]陈绍蕃.钢结构设计原理.第三版.北京:科学出版社,2005.
[36]陈绍蕃.钢结构稳定设计指南.第二版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[37]陈骥.钢结构稳定理论及设计.第二版.北京:科学出版社,2003.
[38]陈绍蕃,苏明周.冷弯型钢檩条的有效截面.建筑结构学报,2003,24(6):63-66.
[39]孙彤,王士奇.中美冷成型钢结构设计规范的比较.钢结构,2006(2),Vol.21,No.85.
[40]张虎,顾强等.卷边槽形截面受弯构件翼缘板的有效宽度.西安建筑科技大学学报,1998,30(2):107-111.
[41]蒋路,何保康.冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法,建筑结构,2007/1.
[42]B.M.Put,Yong-Lin Pi,and N.S.Trahair.Lateral Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Z-Beams.Journal of Structural Engineering,November 1999:1277-1283.
[43]Ben Young,M.ASCE,and Gregory J.Hancock.Cold-Formed Steel Channels Subjected to Concentrated Bearing load.Journal of Structural Engineering,August 2003:1003-1010.
[44]任月芬,叶志明.截面尺寸对冷弯薄壁槽形钢屈曲的影响.房材与应用,2005,33(1):1-4.
[45]叶志明,任月芬.薄壁构件屈曲与优化问题的研究.福州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,33(10):84-89.
[46]殷有泉.固体力学非线性有限元引论.北京:北京大学出版社,1986.