高强冷弯薄壁型钢帽型截面两跨连续檩条试验研究与直接强度设计法
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摘要
本文完成了550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢帽型截面两跨连续檩条的受力性能试验研究。本次试验对24根截面厚度分别为t=0.48mm、t=0.60mm、t=0.75mm、t=1.00mm；单跨长度l=1200～3000mm；截面形式为TOPSPAN 40与TOPSPAN 61两种帽型截面两跨连续檩条进行了受弯性能的试验研究。由于截面较为复杂，用现有规范理论计算极限承载力较为困难，本文首次利用有限条软件CUFSM结合冷弯薄壁型钢领域新的设计方法——直接强度法对两种截面各跨度的试验檩条进行了极限承载力的求解。计算结果表明：用直接强度法进行550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢帽型截面两跨连续檩条的计算是合理的，计算数值和试验数值偏差在允许的范围内。
在试验结果的基础上，本文还采用大型有限元程序ANSYS9.0对本次试验进行了材料、几何非线性数值模拟分析，所得的有限元计算结果与直接强度法计算结果及试验结果三者之间的差别不大，进一步证实了本文的观点，也验证了试验的可靠性。
本文还用直接强度法对试件截面下翼缘的不同加劲型式，不同试件的跨数进行了进一步的讨论，得出了相关直接强度法修正计算公式。
This paper introduces experimental study on bearing capacity behavior of 550MPa high strength cold-formed steel continuous hat section purlins. This experiment included 24 continuous hat section purlins whose section thickness were t=0.48mm、t=0.60mm、t=0.75mm、t=1.00mm;Single spans were l=1200～3000mm; Section forms were TOPSPAN 40 and TOPSPAN 61. Those purlins' bearing capacity behavior was tested. Because of the complexity of the sections, it is difficult to use the design rules in our current specification to calculate the load carrying capacity. So this paper firstly uses the finite strip method software CUFSM and the new design method in cold-formed steel field—Direct Strength Method to solve the specimens' load carrying capacity. The result shows that using Direct Strength Method to calculate the 550MPa high strength cold-formed steel continuous hat section purlins' load carrying capacity is reasonable. The differences between the calculated values and experimental values are allowed.
Based on the experiment, the finite element program ANSYS 9.0 is applied to carry out the finite element nonlinear analysis of the specimens. The result of the finite element program, the result of the Direct Strength Method and the result of the experiment are much close to each other. The differences are allowable. These phenomena further prove the viewpoint of this paper and validate the reliability of this experiment.
Moreover, this paper uses Direct Strength Method to further discuss the different section shapes and the different number of spans to find the related modified formulas.
在试验结果的基础上，本文还采用大型有限元程序ANSYS9.0对本次试验进行了材料、几何非线性数值模拟分析，所得的有限元计算结果与直接强度法计算结果及试验结果三者之间的差别不大，进一步证实了本文的观点，也验证了试验的可靠性。
本文还用直接强度法对试件截面下翼缘的不同加劲型式，不同试件的跨数进行了进一步的讨论，得出了相关直接强度法修正计算公式。
This paper introduces experimental study on bearing capacity behavior of 550MPa high strength cold-formed steel continuous hat section purlins. This experiment included 24 continuous hat section purlins whose section thickness were t=0.48mm、t=0.60mm、t=0.75mm、t=1.00mm;Single spans were l=1200～3000mm; Section forms were TOPSPAN 40 and TOPSPAN 61. Those purlins' bearing capacity behavior was tested. Because of the complexity of the sections, it is difficult to use the design rules in our current specification to calculate the load carrying capacity. So this paper firstly uses the finite strip method software CUFSM and the new design method in cold-formed steel field—Direct Strength Method to solve the specimens' load carrying capacity. The result shows that using Direct Strength Method to calculate the 550MPa high strength cold-formed steel continuous hat section purlins' load carrying capacity is reasonable. The differences between the calculated values and experimental values are allowed.
Based on the experiment, the finite element program ANSYS 9.0 is applied to carry out the finite element nonlinear analysis of the specimens. The result of the finite element program, the result of the Direct Strength Method and the result of the experiment are much close to each other. The differences are allowable. These phenomena further prove the viewpoint of this paper and validate the reliability of this experiment.
Moreover, this paper uses Direct Strength Method to further discuss the different section shapes and the different number of spans to find the related modified formulas.
引文
[1] 何保康、丁国良，冷弯薄壁型钢在房屋建筑中的应用与发展，[J]焊管．2002．
[2] 《中国建筑技术政策》(1996～2006年)[S]．
[3] 《Cold Roll Forming Practice in the United states》 published by American and Steel Institute, Apr. 1996.
[4] 管克俭、王新武、彭少明，轻钢结构多层建筑体系与建筑可持续发展，第一届全国现代工程学术报告会论文集，2001年7月。
[5] 舒赣平、孟宪德等，轻钢住宅结构体系及其应用，工业建筑，2001年第31卷第8期。
[6] 王元清、石永久等，现代轻钢结构建筑在我国的应用，建筑结构学报，第23卷第1期，2001年2月。
[7] Steel [J]. Newsletter for the Light Gauge Steel Engineer Association, 2000. 1-7.
[8] 弓晓芸，严虹．浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J]．钢结构，2001(6)：27-29．
[9] P. Jrebilcock, Building design using cold-formed steel section, An architect's guide, The Steel Construction Institute, UK, 1994.
[10] 李凤霞，国外轻型钢结构应用发展概况，国外建材科技,Vol．22，No．2，22-25．
[11] 蒋路、何保康，冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法，建筑结构，2007／1．
[12] Specification for the design of formed steel structural member, New York, American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI), 2004.
[13] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范(草案)》 1969
[14] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GBJ18-75)．
[15] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GBJl8-87)．
[16] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB50018-2002)．
[17] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of Cold-Reduced High Strength Steel Sections. Ⅰ: Stub Column. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11): 1772-1781.
[18] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of Cold-Reduced High Strength Steel Sections. Ⅱ: Long Column. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11): 1782-1789.
[19] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of High Strength Steel Channel Columns with Interaction between Local and Distortional Buckling. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(12): 1954-1963.
[20] Wu, S., YU,W. W, and LaBouble, R. A. (1996a), "Strength of flexural members using Grade 80 of A653 steel(deck panel tests)", Seong Pregess Report, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, November.
[21] Wu, S., YU, W. W, and LaBouble, R. A. (1996a), "Flexural members using structural Grade 80 of A653 steel(deck panel tests)", 13th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, St Louis, Oct 1996, pp. 255-274.
[22] American Iron and Steel Institute. (1997). "1996 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members", Washington, DC, USA.
[23] Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand. (1996). "Cold-Formed Steel Structures-AS/NZS4600" Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[24] 周天华，何保康，周绪红，刘永健，王彦敏．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压短柱受力性能试验研究．建筑科学与工程学报，2005，22(3)：36-44．
[25] 周天华，何保康，周绪红，刘永健，蒋路，刘艳军，王彦敏．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱受力性能试验研究．建筑科学与工程学报，2005，22(4)：65-71．
[26] 蒋路．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱试验与理论研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2005．
[27] Commentary Direct Strength Method of Cold-Formed Steel Design. Draft-December 6, 2002
[28] Specification Direct Strength Method of Cold-Formed Steel Design. Draft-December 6, 2002
[29] Appendix 1 Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Using the Direct Strength Method. 2004. Edition American Iron and Steel Institute.
[30] Commentary on Appendix 1 Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Using the Direct Strength Method. 2004. Edition American Iron and Steel Institute.
[31] Ben Young, and Jintang Yan, Design of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Columns With Complex Edge Stiffeners by Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering. November 2004.
[32] Kim J. R. Rasmussen, Design of Slender Angle Section Beam-Columns by the Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering. November 2004.
[33] Cheng Yu, Benjamin W. Schafer, Stress Gradient Effect on the Buckling of Thin Plates.
[34] A. Rusch, J. Lindner, Remarks to the Direct Strength Method. Thin-Walled Structures 39(2001)807-820.
[35] B. W. Schafer; A. Sarawit; and T. Pekoz, Complex Edge Stiffeners for Thin-Walled Members. Joumal of Structural Engineering. February 2006.
[36] H. Liu, B. W. Schafer and T. Igusa, Cold-formed Steel Member Cross-section Shape Optimization by Knowledge-Based Global Optimization Method.
[37] Markku Laine, Markku Tuomala, Testing and Design of Gravity-loaded Steel purlins Restrained by Sheeting. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 49(1991) 129-138.
[38] Cheng Yu, and Benjamin W. Schafer, Local Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams. Journal of Structural Engineering. December 2003.
[39] Cheng Yu, and Benjamin W. Schafer, Distortional Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams. Journal of Structural Engineering. April 2006.
[40] Howard I. Epstein, Fellow, ASCE, Erling Murtha-Smith, Member, ASCE, and Jason D. Mitchell, Analysis and Design Assumptions for Continuous Cold-Formed Purlins. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction/May 1998.
[41] C. Jiang and J. M. Davies, Design of Thin-Walled Purlins for Distornal Bucking. Thin-Wall Structures Vol. 29, Nos 1-4 pp. 189-202, 1997.
[42] Schafer, B. W. Elastic Buckling Analysis of Thin Walled Members by Finite Strip Analysis, CUFSM v2. 6.
[43] Davies, J. M., Leach, P. First-order generalized beam theory. J. of Constructional Steel Research, 1994, 31(2-3).
[44] 西安建筑科技大学，博思格建筑系统住房部．高强冷弯薄壁型钢 TOPSPAN40／61 型檩条弯曲性能试验研究报告．2006，5．
[2] 《中国建筑技术政策》(1996～2006年)[S]．
[3] 《Cold Roll Forming Practice in the United states》 published by American and Steel Institute, Apr. 1996.
[4] 管克俭、王新武、彭少明，轻钢结构多层建筑体系与建筑可持续发展，第一届全国现代工程学术报告会论文集，2001年7月。
[5] 舒赣平、孟宪德等，轻钢住宅结构体系及其应用，工业建筑，2001年第31卷第8期。
[6] 王元清、石永久等，现代轻钢结构建筑在我国的应用，建筑结构学报，第23卷第1期，2001年2月。
[7] Steel [J]. Newsletter for the Light Gauge Steel Engineer Association, 2000. 1-7.
[8] 弓晓芸，严虹．浅谈轻钢结构低层住宅[J]．钢结构，2001(6)：27-29．
[9] P. Jrebilcock, Building design using cold-formed steel section, An architect's guide, The Steel Construction Institute, UK, 1994.
[10] 李凤霞，国外轻型钢结构应用发展概况，国外建材科技,Vol．22，No．2，22-25．
[11] 蒋路、何保康，冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度法，建筑结构，2007／1．
[12] Specification for the design of formed steel structural member, New York, American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI), 2004.
[13] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范(草案)》 1969
[14] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GBJ18-75)．
[15] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GBJl8-87)．
[16] 《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB50018-2002)．
[17] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of Cold-Reduced High Strength Steel Sections. Ⅰ: Stub Column. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11): 1772-1781.
[18] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of Cold-Reduced High Strength Steel Sections. Ⅱ: Long Column. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(11): 1782-1789.
[19] Demao Yang & Gregory J. Hancock. Compression Tests of High Strength Steel Channel Columns with Interaction between Local and Distortional Buckling. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2004, 130(12): 1954-1963.
[20] Wu, S., YU,W. W, and LaBouble, R. A. (1996a), "Strength of flexural members using Grade 80 of A653 steel(deck panel tests)", Seong Pregess Report, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri-Rolla, November.
[21] Wu, S., YU, W. W, and LaBouble, R. A. (1996a), "Flexural members using structural Grade 80 of A653 steel(deck panel tests)", 13th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, St Louis, Oct 1996, pp. 255-274.
[22] American Iron and Steel Institute. (1997). "1996 Edition of the Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members", Washington, DC, USA.
[23] Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand. (1996). "Cold-Formed Steel Structures-AS/NZS4600" Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[24] 周天华，何保康，周绪红，刘永健，王彦敏．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压短柱受力性能试验研究．建筑科学与工程学报，2005，22(3)：36-44．
[25] 周天华，何保康，周绪红，刘永健，蒋路，刘艳军，王彦敏．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱受力性能试验研究．建筑科学与工程学报，2005，22(4)：65-71．
[26] 蒋路．高强冷弯薄壁型钢轴压长柱试验与理论研究．西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文．2005．
[27] Commentary Direct Strength Method of Cold-Formed Steel Design. Draft-December 6, 2002
[28] Specification Direct Strength Method of Cold-Formed Steel Design. Draft-December 6, 2002
[29] Appendix 1 Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Using the Direct Strength Method. 2004. Edition American Iron and Steel Institute.
[30] Commentary on Appendix 1 Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Using the Direct Strength Method. 2004. Edition American Iron and Steel Institute.
[31] Ben Young, and Jintang Yan, Design of Cold-Formed Steel Channel Columns With Complex Edge Stiffeners by Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering. November 2004.
[32] Kim J. R. Rasmussen, Design of Slender Angle Section Beam-Columns by the Direct Strength Method. Journal of Structural Engineering. November 2004.
[33] Cheng Yu, Benjamin W. Schafer, Stress Gradient Effect on the Buckling of Thin Plates.
[34] A. Rusch, J. Lindner, Remarks to the Direct Strength Method. Thin-Walled Structures 39(2001)807-820.
[35] B. W. Schafer; A. Sarawit; and T. Pekoz, Complex Edge Stiffeners for Thin-Walled Members. Joumal of Structural Engineering. February 2006.
[36] H. Liu, B. W. Schafer and T. Igusa, Cold-formed Steel Member Cross-section Shape Optimization by Knowledge-Based Global Optimization Method.
[37] Markku Laine, Markku Tuomala, Testing and Design of Gravity-loaded Steel purlins Restrained by Sheeting. Journal of Constructional Steel Research 49(1991) 129-138.
[38] Cheng Yu, and Benjamin W. Schafer, Local Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams. Journal of Structural Engineering. December 2003.
[39] Cheng Yu, and Benjamin W. Schafer, Distortional Buckling Tests on Cold-Formed Steel Beams. Journal of Structural Engineering. April 2006.
[40] Howard I. Epstein, Fellow, ASCE, Erling Murtha-Smith, Member, ASCE, and Jason D. Mitchell, Analysis and Design Assumptions for Continuous Cold-Formed Purlins. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction/May 1998.
[41] C. Jiang and J. M. Davies, Design of Thin-Walled Purlins for Distornal Bucking. Thin-Wall Structures Vol. 29, Nos 1-4 pp. 189-202, 1997.
[42] Schafer, B. W. Elastic Buckling Analysis of Thin Walled Members by Finite Strip Analysis, CUFSM v2. 6.
[43] Davies, J. M., Leach, P. First-order generalized beam theory. J. of Constructional Steel Research, 1994, 31(2-3).
[44] 西安建筑科技大学，博思格建筑系统住房部．高强冷弯薄壁型钢 TOPSPAN40／61 型檩条弯曲性能试验研究报告．2006，5．