频率域航空电磁法层状反演及应用研究
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摘要
航空电磁法广泛应用于地质填图、矿产勘查、水文地质和工程地质勘查、环境监测等。它成本低、效率高、适应性强,能够在地面难于进入的森林、沙漠、沼泽、湖泊和居民区等地区开展物探测量工作。特别适合大面的普查工作,是国土资源大调查中必不可少的物探方法。多年来国外一直将航空电磁法作为一种常规的物探方法,广泛应用。为了配合三频航空电磁系统的数据处理和解释,本文进行了如下研究:
本文系统研究了多种视电阻率转换方法,对各种视电阻率转换方法都进行了比较详尽的计算分析和讨论,对每种视电阻率转换的性质都有了比较充分的认识,丰富了视电阻率解释方法。另外,本文对视电阻率及其性质的分析讨论为后面的快速近似反演和自动反演奠定了基础;
快速近似反演是本文首次研究开发的适合三频航空电磁法解释方法。根据不同频率具有不同的趋肤深度的原理,在模型试验的基础上给出适合三频航空电磁系统的经验公式。首次绘制了三频航空电磁法视电阻率拟断面图,能直观地反映出地电断面的电性变化。此外快速近似反演方法还是自动反演初始模型设置的基础;
应用了一种新的解非线性方程组方法即Brent 方法。应用效果表明,该方法与常用的传统反演方法相比,具有计算效率高、收敛稳定,对初始模型要求不严格等特点,是一种很有前途的反演方法;
在研究了大量理论模型的基础上,根据视电阻率、视飞行高度、用于绘制航空视电阻率拟断面图的视电阻率和中心深度之间的关系,给出了初始模型的设置方法,使自动反演成为可能;
将视电阻率转换、快速近似反演方法、Brent 反演方法、自动赋初值方法等应用于2004 年实测数据的处理上,取得了比较好的应用效果,证明上述方法切实可行;
以上所用方法都形成了实用程序,可直接应用于实测资料的处理中。
Airborne electromagnetics (AEM) has been widely applied in geological mapping, mineral exploration, geohydrological investigation, engineering and geological environmental monitoring. AEM can be used in forest, desert, swamp, lake and residential area which is difficult to use ground geophysics based on its low cost, high efficiency and adaptability. AEM is the absolutely necessarily method in geological investigation and mineral exploration, especially in reconnaissance. AEM has been widely used as a conventional geophysical method overseas. The following has been studied for data process and interpretation of the triplex-frequency AEM system:
1. A few new apparent resistivity transform methods have been systematically studied. The understanding to every apparent resistivity transform methods has been improved after theoretical modeling computation, analysis and discussion. In addition, some of the apparent resistivity transform methods can be used in fast approximate inversion and automatic inversion.
2. Fast approximate inversion method for the triplex-frequency AEM system is firstly developed. Based on the theory of skin depth, we obtain the empirical formulae that adapt to the triplex-frequency AEM system after modeling. The apparent resistivity parasections derived from the triplex-frequency AEM data of 1-D models have been developed for the first time. The parasections can outline the resistivity changes. It is the basis of starting model for automatic inversion.
3. A new Brent algorithm has been used to solve nonlinear equations. Compared with conventional methods, this algorithm has high efficiency, stable convergence with wide initial value. It’s a promising inversion method.
4. The principle of instituting starting model has been found after analyzing the relation of apparent resistivity, apparent thickness and parasections derived from triplex-frequency AEM data based on modeling . Then the automatic inversion is realizable.
5. The apparent transform, fast approximate inversion, Brent algorithm and automatic
本文系统研究了多种视电阻率转换方法,对各种视电阻率转换方法都进行了比较详尽的计算分析和讨论,对每种视电阻率转换的性质都有了比较充分的认识,丰富了视电阻率解释方法。另外,本文对视电阻率及其性质的分析讨论为后面的快速近似反演和自动反演奠定了基础;
快速近似反演是本文首次研究开发的适合三频航空电磁法解释方法。根据不同频率具有不同的趋肤深度的原理,在模型试验的基础上给出适合三频航空电磁系统的经验公式。首次绘制了三频航空电磁法视电阻率拟断面图,能直观地反映出地电断面的电性变化。此外快速近似反演方法还是自动反演初始模型设置的基础;
应用了一种新的解非线性方程组方法即Brent 方法。应用效果表明,该方法与常用的传统反演方法相比,具有计算效率高、收敛稳定,对初始模型要求不严格等特点,是一种很有前途的反演方法;
在研究了大量理论模型的基础上,根据视电阻率、视飞行高度、用于绘制航空视电阻率拟断面图的视电阻率和中心深度之间的关系,给出了初始模型的设置方法,使自动反演成为可能;
将视电阻率转换、快速近似反演方法、Brent 反演方法、自动赋初值方法等应用于2004 年实测数据的处理上,取得了比较好的应用效果,证明上述方法切实可行;
以上所用方法都形成了实用程序,可直接应用于实测资料的处理中。
Airborne electromagnetics (AEM) has been widely applied in geological mapping, mineral exploration, geohydrological investigation, engineering and geological environmental monitoring. AEM can be used in forest, desert, swamp, lake and residential area which is difficult to use ground geophysics based on its low cost, high efficiency and adaptability. AEM is the absolutely necessarily method in geological investigation and mineral exploration, especially in reconnaissance. AEM has been widely used as a conventional geophysical method overseas. The following has been studied for data process and interpretation of the triplex-frequency AEM system:
1. A few new apparent resistivity transform methods have been systematically studied. The understanding to every apparent resistivity transform methods has been improved after theoretical modeling computation, analysis and discussion. In addition, some of the apparent resistivity transform methods can be used in fast approximate inversion and automatic inversion.
2. Fast approximate inversion method for the triplex-frequency AEM system is firstly developed. Based on the theory of skin depth, we obtain the empirical formulae that adapt to the triplex-frequency AEM system after modeling. The apparent resistivity parasections derived from the triplex-frequency AEM data of 1-D models have been developed for the first time. The parasections can outline the resistivity changes. It is the basis of starting model for automatic inversion.
3. A new Brent algorithm has been used to solve nonlinear equations. Compared with conventional methods, this algorithm has high efficiency, stable convergence with wide initial value. It’s a promising inversion method.
4. The principle of instituting starting model has been found after analyzing the relation of apparent resistivity, apparent thickness and parasections derived from triplex-frequency AEM data based on modeling . Then the automatic inversion is realizable.
5. The apparent transform, fast approximate inversion, Brent algorithm and automatic
引文
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