不同蛋氨酸源相对营养价值的比较
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摘要
固体消旋蛋氨酸（DLM）和蛋氨酸羟基类似物自由酸（MHA-FA）是两种常用的蛋氨酸添加剂。本试验旨在研究两种蛋氨酸添加剂的相对生物学效价，并得出肉仔鸡适宜的蛋氨酸添加量。试验采用单因素完全随机设计。7日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡560只，随机分为7个处理，每处理5个重复，每重复16只，试验持续至42日龄。设计7种试验日粮，DLM设两个添加水平（处理A、D），MHA-FA设四个添加水平（处理B、C、E、F）。处理A、B、C的蛋氨酸符合NRC(1994)标准（前期占日粮的0.50%，后期占日粮的0.37%），处理D、E、F中蛋氨酸不符合NRC(1994)标准（前期占日粮的0.40%，后期占日粮的0.32%），处理G为对照组。前期处理A和处理D分别在基础日粮中添加0.20%（后期0.10%）和0.10%（后期0.05%）的DLM。前期处理B、C、E、F分别在基础日粮中添加0.30%（后期0.15%）、0.23%（后期0.11%）、0.15%（后期0.08%），和0.12%（后期0. 06%）的MHA-FA。自由采食饮水。计算各周及全期增重、采食量和料肉比。试验结束时，放血屠宰测肉仔鸡胴体品质，无放血屠宰测肉鸡整体能量、蛋白含量及其沉积率。
试验结果如下：
1. 基础日粮中添加适宜水平的蛋氨酸可显著改善肉鸡的生产性能（P＜0.05），但不影响肉鸡的采食量。
2. 肉仔鸡的蛋氨酸需要量为，肉小鸡阶段0.44%（ME2900Kcal/Kg,CP19.5%），肉中大鸡阶段0.35%（ME2930Kcal/Kg,CP18.0%）。肉鸡对蛋氨酸的添加呈二次曲线规律。对生产性能来说，MHA-FA的相对生物学效价分别是64%（肉小鸡日增重），55%（肉小鸡料肉比），85%（肉中大鸡日增重），60%（肉中大鸡料肉比），74%（全期日增重），61%（全期料肉比）。
3. 添加MHA-FA对肉仔鸡的腹脂率无影响，添加DLM可显著降低肉仔鸡的腹脂率。添加DLM和MHA-FA均可提高肉仔鸡的胸肌率，降低腿肌率。MHA-FA相对于DLM的生物学效价是74%（胸肌率），72%（腿肌率）。
4. 添加DLM或MHA-FA影响肉鸡整体蛋白含量和蛋白沉积率，但影响规律不明显。同时还使肉鸡整体能量含量和能量沉积率升高。MHA-FA的相对生物学效价分别是52%（能量含量），48%（能量沉积率）。
Solid racemated methionine(DLM) and methionine hydroxy analogue free acid(MHA-FA) are two usual methionine additives. The aim of the trial is researching the relative biological value of two methionine additives and obtaining the appropriate methionine supplemental level for broiler. The trial has adopted one–factor completely random design. 560 7-day-old Avian chicks were divided into 7 treatments random, 5 replicates per treatment, 16 birds each replicate. The trial was lasted 42-day. 7 trial diets were designed. DLM has two supplemental levels(treatment A and D), MHA-FA has four supplemental levels(treatment B、C、D and E). Methionine of treatment A、B and C meet the NRC(1994) criterion(0.50% of diets in earlier stage, 0.37% of diets in later stage). Methionine of treatment D、E and F don't meet the NRC(1994) criterion (0.40% of diets in earlier stage, 0.32% of diets in later stage). Treatment G is control. In earlier stage, treatment A and D were added DLM with 0.20%(0.10% in later stage) and 0.10%(0.05% in later stage) in basal diet respectively. Treatment B、C、E and F were added MHA-FA with 0.30%(0.15% in later stage)、0.23%(0.11% in later stage)，0.15%(0.08% in later stage) and 0.12%(0.06% in later stage)in basal diet respectively. Feed and water were given ad libitum. Weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain were calculated. Carcass quality was determined through slaughter with blood. The whole energy, protein concentration and their retention were determined through slaughter without blood when the trial ended.
The main results as follows:
1. The performance of broiler was improved adding appropriate level methionine in basal diet significantly(P<0.05), but don't affect broiler feed intake.
2. Broiler methionine requirement are 0.44%（ME2900Kcal/Kg,CP19.5%）in earlier stage and 0.35%（ME2930Kcal/Kg,CP18.0%）in later stage. Broiler shows quadratic curves when methionine was added. As performance, the RBV of MHA-FA are 64%(daily gain in
earlier stage), 55%(feed/gain in earlier stage), 85%(daily gain in later stage), 60%(feed/gain in later stage), 74%(daily gain in all stage) and 61%(feed/gain in all stage).
3. MHA-FA don't influence broiler abdomen fat rate. DLM can decrease broiler abdomen fat rate significantly. DLM and MHA-FA can increase broiler breast meat rate, decrease thigh meat rate. The RBV of MHA-FA are 74%( breast meat rate) and 72%( thigh meat rate), respectively.
4. Adding DLM or MHA-FA influence broiler whole protein concentration and protein retention, but the regularity isn't obvious. Moreover, broiler whole energy concentration and energy retention increase. The RBV of MHA-FA are 52%(energy concentration) and 48%(energy retention), respectively.
试验结果如下：
1. 基础日粮中添加适宜水平的蛋氨酸可显著改善肉鸡的生产性能（P＜0.05），但不影响肉鸡的采食量。
2. 肉仔鸡的蛋氨酸需要量为，肉小鸡阶段0.44%（ME2900Kcal/Kg,CP19.5%），肉中大鸡阶段0.35%（ME2930Kcal/Kg,CP18.0%）。肉鸡对蛋氨酸的添加呈二次曲线规律。对生产性能来说，MHA-FA的相对生物学效价分别是64%（肉小鸡日增重），55%（肉小鸡料肉比），85%（肉中大鸡日增重），60%（肉中大鸡料肉比），74%（全期日增重），61%（全期料肉比）。
3. 添加MHA-FA对肉仔鸡的腹脂率无影响，添加DLM可显著降低肉仔鸡的腹脂率。添加DLM和MHA-FA均可提高肉仔鸡的胸肌率，降低腿肌率。MHA-FA相对于DLM的生物学效价是74%（胸肌率），72%（腿肌率）。
4. 添加DLM或MHA-FA影响肉鸡整体蛋白含量和蛋白沉积率，但影响规律不明显。同时还使肉鸡整体能量含量和能量沉积率升高。MHA-FA的相对生物学效价分别是52%（能量含量），48%（能量沉积率）。
Solid racemated methionine(DLM) and methionine hydroxy analogue free acid(MHA-FA) are two usual methionine additives. The aim of the trial is researching the relative biological value of two methionine additives and obtaining the appropriate methionine supplemental level for broiler. The trial has adopted one–factor completely random design. 560 7-day-old Avian chicks were divided into 7 treatments random, 5 replicates per treatment, 16 birds each replicate. The trial was lasted 42-day. 7 trial diets were designed. DLM has two supplemental levels(treatment A and D), MHA-FA has four supplemental levels(treatment B、C、D and E). Methionine of treatment A、B and C meet the NRC(1994) criterion(0.50% of diets in earlier stage, 0.37% of diets in later stage). Methionine of treatment D、E and F don't meet the NRC(1994) criterion (0.40% of diets in earlier stage, 0.32% of diets in later stage). Treatment G is control. In earlier stage, treatment A and D were added DLM with 0.20%(0.10% in later stage) and 0.10%(0.05% in later stage) in basal diet respectively. Treatment B、C、E and F were added MHA-FA with 0.30%(0.15% in later stage)、0.23%(0.11% in later stage)，0.15%(0.08% in later stage) and 0.12%(0.06% in later stage)in basal diet respectively. Feed and water were given ad libitum. Weight gain, feed intake and feed/gain were calculated. Carcass quality was determined through slaughter with blood. The whole energy, protein concentration and their retention were determined through slaughter without blood when the trial ended.
The main results as follows:
1. The performance of broiler was improved adding appropriate level methionine in basal diet significantly(P<0.05), but don't affect broiler feed intake.
2. Broiler methionine requirement are 0.44%（ME2900Kcal/Kg,CP19.5%）in earlier stage and 0.35%（ME2930Kcal/Kg,CP18.0%）in later stage. Broiler shows quadratic curves when methionine was added. As performance, the RBV of MHA-FA are 64%(daily gain in
earlier stage), 55%(feed/gain in earlier stage), 85%(daily gain in later stage), 60%(feed/gain in later stage), 74%(daily gain in all stage) and 61%(feed/gain in all stage).
3. MHA-FA don't influence broiler abdomen fat rate. DLM can decrease broiler abdomen fat rate significantly. DLM and MHA-FA can increase broiler breast meat rate, decrease thigh meat rate. The RBV of MHA-FA are 74%( breast meat rate) and 72%( thigh meat rate), respectively.
4. Adding DLM or MHA-FA influence broiler whole protein concentration and protein retention, but the regularity isn't obvious. Moreover, broiler whole energy concentration and energy retention increase. The RBV of MHA-FA are 52%(energy concentration) and 48%(energy retention), respectively.
引文
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