纸浆纤维表面电荷检测方法的研究
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摘要
随着造纸工业的发展,各类造纸化学品的相继使用,使得造纸湿部的电荷变化日趋复杂,而湿部的电荷分析是应付纸机各种变化的一种有力工具,达到优化和稳定造纸湿部的目的。
胶体滴定和Zeta电位是描述湿部电荷特性的有力工具。本文详细地介绍了两种技术的原理、特点、测试方法、研究进展、二者的区别及电荷分析的意义,并指出将两种技术结合起来使用更有利于优化和控制纸机湿部。
本文论述了造纸配料中静电荷的来源和性质,纤维和细小纤维的湿部化学特性及在造纸湿部过程中发生的各种化学的、胶体的、表面的作用,并重点探讨了打浆度、pH值和铝盐对纤维素纤维动电特性的影响。讨论了利用胶体滴定技术进行造纸湿部化学分析的原理和方法。
Zeta电位是描述纸浆悬浮液湿部电荷特性的重要参数之一,它可以提供湿部化学有用的信息,并对湿部化学的优化与控制有重要意义。本文研究了影响Zeta电位的诸多因素,如:细小纤维含量、原料种类、制浆方法、pH值、打浆度、无机盐的存在等。详细论述了造纸湿部化学最重要的参数之一Zeta电位的定义,测量方法及在线Zeta电位测量的研究进展。对Zeta电位对微粒系统的影响也进行了讨论。
电导率是一种很重要的化学量。在电极电导率测量方法中,测量电极表现为一个复杂的电化学系统,影响电导率准确测量的因素主要有三个方面:极化效应、电容效应和温度。本文提出了用替代网络—四电极—半桥技术测量纸浆溶液的电导率和电容率的方法和电路。由于流过测量电路中的电流近似为零,因此消除了电极极化对测量结果的影响,提高了测量的精度。在解决准确测量某温度下溶液电导率基础上,本文还对电导率的温度补偿作了总结和研究。
With the development of the paper industry , many paper chemicals are applied one after the other. It causes the charges of paper furnish varied much complicatedly in the wet-end. While the charge analysis is a powerful tool to optimize and stabilize the wet-end chemistry.
Colloidal titration and zeta potential measurement are two diffirent methods that are often utilized in monitoring paper machine wet-end operation.This paper mainly focuses on the principles,characteristics, measurement procedure, research progress , method comparision of colloidal titration and zeta potential measurement and the signification of charge analysis. It is suggested that if possible, both approaches should be used together in routine evaluation in order to optimize paper machine wet-end operation.
This paper focus on the source and nature of electrostatic charge on papermaking materials, the wet and chemistry performance of fiber and fines and all the chemical and colloidal surface reaction between fiber and fines. The structure and chemical constitution, and the influence of beating degree and pH value on their electrokinetic characteristics were discussed in detail. This paper also focus on the principle and method of charge analysis of paper-machine wet-end using colloid tit ration technique.
Zeta potential is an important parameter in wet-end electrical charge characterization. It is essential to wet end control and optimization. In this paper , a method for factors leading to Zeta potential variation are being discussed. These include fibre species and its pulping methods , fines content in the stock furnish , pH , stock freeness , inorganics , and others. This paper describes in detail the definition of Zeta potential, the potential on-line measurement and the research development of Zeta potential on-line measurement.The effects of Zeta potential on microparticle systems are discussed.
Conductivity is an important chemical quantum. In the method of electrod conductivity measurement, the measure electrode behave as a complicated electrochemistry system during measurement The factors that infect the precise measurement of conductivity is polarization effect,capacitance effect and temperature . In this paper a four-electrode half bridge device which measures electrical properties of fermentation broth is described. This system ,because no current passes through the measuring electrodes ,virtually eliminates the interferences of elect rode polarization. The system can be applied in liquor of paper pulp.After the precise measurement liquor conductivity under certain temperature, the temperature compensation of conductivity is studied in this paper.
胶体滴定和Zeta电位是描述湿部电荷特性的有力工具。本文详细地介绍了两种技术的原理、特点、测试方法、研究进展、二者的区别及电荷分析的意义,并指出将两种技术结合起来使用更有利于优化和控制纸机湿部。
本文论述了造纸配料中静电荷的来源和性质,纤维和细小纤维的湿部化学特性及在造纸湿部过程中发生的各种化学的、胶体的、表面的作用,并重点探讨了打浆度、pH值和铝盐对纤维素纤维动电特性的影响。讨论了利用胶体滴定技术进行造纸湿部化学分析的原理和方法。
Zeta电位是描述纸浆悬浮液湿部电荷特性的重要参数之一,它可以提供湿部化学有用的信息,并对湿部化学的优化与控制有重要意义。本文研究了影响Zeta电位的诸多因素,如:细小纤维含量、原料种类、制浆方法、pH值、打浆度、无机盐的存在等。详细论述了造纸湿部化学最重要的参数之一Zeta电位的定义,测量方法及在线Zeta电位测量的研究进展。对Zeta电位对微粒系统的影响也进行了讨论。
电导率是一种很重要的化学量。在电极电导率测量方法中,测量电极表现为一个复杂的电化学系统,影响电导率准确测量的因素主要有三个方面:极化效应、电容效应和温度。本文提出了用替代网络—四电极—半桥技术测量纸浆溶液的电导率和电容率的方法和电路。由于流过测量电路中的电流近似为零,因此消除了电极极化对测量结果的影响,提高了测量的精度。在解决准确测量某温度下溶液电导率基础上,本文还对电导率的温度补偿作了总结和研究。
With the development of the paper industry , many paper chemicals are applied one after the other. It causes the charges of paper furnish varied much complicatedly in the wet-end. While the charge analysis is a powerful tool to optimize and stabilize the wet-end chemistry.
Colloidal titration and zeta potential measurement are two diffirent methods that are often utilized in monitoring paper machine wet-end operation.This paper mainly focuses on the principles,characteristics, measurement procedure, research progress , method comparision of colloidal titration and zeta potential measurement and the signification of charge analysis. It is suggested that if possible, both approaches should be used together in routine evaluation in order to optimize paper machine wet-end operation.
This paper focus on the source and nature of electrostatic charge on papermaking materials, the wet and chemistry performance of fiber and fines and all the chemical and colloidal surface reaction between fiber and fines. The structure and chemical constitution, and the influence of beating degree and pH value on their electrokinetic characteristics were discussed in detail. This paper also focus on the principle and method of charge analysis of paper-machine wet-end using colloid tit ration technique.
Zeta potential is an important parameter in wet-end electrical charge characterization. It is essential to wet end control and optimization. In this paper , a method for factors leading to Zeta potential variation are being discussed. These include fibre species and its pulping methods , fines content in the stock furnish , pH , stock freeness , inorganics , and others. This paper describes in detail the definition of Zeta potential, the potential on-line measurement and the research development of Zeta potential on-line measurement.The effects of Zeta potential on microparticle systems are discussed.
Conductivity is an important chemical quantum. In the method of electrod conductivity measurement, the measure electrode behave as a complicated electrochemistry system during measurement The factors that infect the precise measurement of conductivity is polarization effect,capacitance effect and temperature . In this paper a four-electrode half bridge device which measures electrical properties of fermentation broth is described. This system ,because no current passes through the measuring electrodes ,virtually eliminates the interferences of elect rode polarization. The system can be applied in liquor of paper pulp.After the precise measurement liquor conductivity under certain temperature, the temperature compensation of conductivity is studied in this paper.
引文
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[2] 胡芳,谢来苏. 电荷分析在造纸湿部化学中的应用[J].天津造纸,1999(4):29-30
[3] 盖恒军,胡开堂. 造纸湿部的阴离子干扰物[J].上海造纸,2002, 33(3):42-43
[4] 刘温霞,孙艳玲. 纸机湿部的阴离子杂质[J].中华纸业,1998(2):50-51
[5] 宋海农,杨崎峰. 多元微粒子助留助滤技术[J].西南造纸,2001(3):8-11
[6] 张光华. 造纸湿部电荷测量技术的现状和发展[J].国际纸业,200019(1):40-43
[7] 张红杰,胡惠仁. 造纸湿部电荷的检测技术[J].造纸化学品,2004(5):10-13
[8] K.W.Britt,J.E.Unbehend . New methods for monitoring retention[J]. Tappi Journal, 1976, 59(2): 67-70
[9] 许安民. 网部纸料的动电特性[J].纸和造纸,2000 (2):19-20
[10] 李昭成,徐玉红,王正顺. Zeta电位的测定及其对抄纸的影响[J].中华纸业, 24(8):30
[11] 何北海,张春梅,伍红等. 纸浆悬浮液Zeta电位分析的初步研究[J].中国造纸学报(14):72
[12] 张光华. 造纸湿部电荷测量技术的现状与发展[J]. 国际造纸, 19(1):41-43
[13] 魏海峰 , 常易康 , 张志秀 . 造纸湿部电荷检测技术与设备[J].湖南造纸 2004(2):31-33
[14] 介绍一种适用于纸张涂布用颜料浆和涂料的Zeta电位测定仪[J].天津造纸,1993(3):14
[15] 瞿廷珠. 胶体滴定法及其应用[J].化学通报,1989 (3):10-13
[16] 杜海涛. 纸机湿部化学品加入点的实践体会[J].中国造纸,2000(3):13-15
[17] Michael R.John. Evaluation of the charge state of paper machine systems using the charge titration method[J].Paper-makers Conference,TAPPI PRESS, 1992:479-502
[18] William E.scott James Read. Principle of Wet-end Chemistry[J].TAPPI PRESS, 1996:235-246
[19] L.Wagberg,L.Winter,L.Oodberg and T.Lindstrom. Polyectrolyte adsorption on th- e surface of cellulostic materials[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1986,111(2):543
[20] Penny A,Patton and David T.Lee. Charge analysis Powerful tools in wet end optimization[J].TAPPI J,1993,76(8):107
[21] 何北海,陈玉蕉,张春梅等. 纸浆悬浮液胶体滴定比率的初步研究[J].中国造纸学报,1999(14):75
[22] 陈玉蕉,何北海. 胶体滴定方法及其研究进展[J]. 造纸化学品,2000(1):13-16
[23] Halabisky D. Colloid Titration Method [P].Can,11031137
[24] 张光华. 造纸湿部化学原理及其应用[M].北京轻工业出版社,1998:15-20
[25] 胡芳,谢来苏. 利用胶体滴定技术进行造纸湿部电荷分析[J].黑龙江造纸,2000 (3):13-16
[26] 关颖. 湿部电荷的测定技术及其应用[J].中国造纸,2004,23(4):35
[27] s.s.Dukhin,B.V.Derjaguin. Surface and colloid scirence[J].A Wiley-Interscience Publication,1974,V7:103-107
[28] 谈慕华编. 表面物理化学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985:60
[29] T.G.M.VEN. Effect of Fiber Conductivity On Zeta Potential Measurement Of Pul- p Fibers[J]. JOURNAL OF PULP AND PAPER SCIENCE,1999,25(7): 243-245
[30] 王果庭. 胶体稳定性[M].北京:科学出版社,1990:17
[31] J.M.M.Peeters. Characterization Membrancs by Streaming Potential Measureme- nt[J]. Characterization of Nanoffiltration Membrane,1997,10:43-46
[32] (日)菅义夫主编. 静电手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1981:45-49
[33] 李昭成,杨桂花. 流动电位法 Zeta 电位仪的测量原理及使用性能[J].纸和造纸,2002,(4):29-30
[34] 邱 书 波 , 綦 星 光 . 纸 浆 Zeta 电 位 在 线 检 测 装 置 的 研 制 [J]. 中 华 纸业,2001,22(5):24-26
[35] Analog Dexices Inc. Low Cost Instrumentation Amplifier AD622[J], Data Sheet, 1996,(12):45-49
[36] 曹军. 仪表放大器 AD620 性能及其应用[J].电子器件,1997,2(13): 62-66
[37] HY-6040/HY-6041 隔离板[M]. 北京华控技术有限责任公司 1998
[38] 杨孙楷等. 电化学分析仪器[M].机械工业出版社,1983
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