摘要
随着油田开发技术的不断发展,注水开采储层已广泛应用到油田的采油中来,由于水的注入改变了原有储层的特性,同时也使得储层的解释、评价产生了困难。目前国内外都是采用计算油水相对渗透率的方法,通过分析储层在注水过程中油水的渗透规律,建立相应的数学模型进行的。
油水相对渗透率是评价油藏的一个重要指标,它在油藏工程计算中的应用十分广泛。通常油水相对渗透率可用稳态和非稳态两种方法求得。
设计根据几种非稳态法计算油水相对渗透率的方法比较,既考虑了常用的处理算法,又提出了更加精确的非稳态处理方法。数据处理分为基础数据处理、插值数据处理、含水率数据表数据处理、相渗曲线数据表数据处理、含水率及相渗曲线综合数据表数据处理、含水率数据处理六个阶段。
采样数据为离散的抽样数据,存在一定的误差,经多次实验证明,埃特金插值能够有效地减少误差,并且能够使结果数据最接近实际情况,所以在插值数据处理阶段,采用改进的埃特金插值降低误差。在读相渗交点处理阶段,采用三次样条算法将不连续的点连接为光滑曲线,同时又采用最小二乘法的指数拟合、对数拟合以及多项式拟合进行相渗交点的计算。
非稳态法获取的数据较为可靠,但数学处理难度较大,不易手工计算。本设计主要完成非稳态相渗算法的数学模型分析、数学模型与计算机模型转换、离散数据的曲线拟合算法、曲线的平滑处理算法、拟合曲线交点坐标计算公式等。同时开发出一套包括基础数据管理系统,基础数据分析系统,离散数据的曲线处理系统,数据结论分析系统等内容的计算机软件系统,实现非稳态相渗数据的计算机仿真,为油田采用注水驱油技术在勘测开发过程中的应用提供自动化分析工具。其适用范围广,经多次应用实践,效果良好。
With the development of the technology of the exploitation of oil fields, the technology of water injection flooding has been widely applied to oil production in oil fields, as a result, the original features of reservoir has changed, and also makes the explaintation and evaluation of reservoir are difficult. In present, the calculation method at home and abroad and are based on oil and water relative permeability, by analyzing the water in the reservoir of oil and oil and water relative permeability in the process of water injection flooding, and established the corresponding mathematical model.
Oil-water relative permeability is an important indicator of evaluation of the reservoir,and widely used in reservoir engineering calculation. Oil-water relative permeability is usually can be calculated by relatively steady-state and non-penetration.
According to the comparison of several non-steady-state method to calculate the relative permeability of the oil-water, our design taking into account the commonly used methods of calculation, and provided more precise non-steady-state approach.Our data processing based on the following six stages: basis of data processing, data of interpolation processing, the moisture content of the data tables for data processing, data sheets with dialysis curve data processing, moisture and water seepage curve with a comprehensive data sheet data processing, data processing of moisture.
The sampling data is discrete,and there is a certain degree of error, it was proved by repeated experiments that Aitken interpolation can be effective in reducing errors, and can make the results of the data closest to the actual situation,so,we use the improved Aitken interpolation to reduce the error in the data processing phase. In reading the point of intersection with seepage handling stage, using cubic spline algorithm connecting the discontinuous point to the smooth curve, at the same time, using the least squares fitting index, Log-fitting and polynomial fitting in infiltration point calculations.
The data obtained by non-steady-state method are more reliable, but the mathematical treatment is difficult and difficult to calculate by hand. The main results of this design including the mathematical model analysis of unsteady state relative permeability algorithm, the conversion between the mathematical models and computer models, the curve fitting algorithm of discrete data, the curve smoothing algorithm, the formula for coordinates of the intersection curve fitting and so on. At the same time,we developed a set of computer software system including basic data management system, the basis data analysis systems, the curves of discrete data processing system, the conclusions of the data analysis system etc, realized the computer simulation of unsteady state relative permeability data ,and provided automation tools for the application of the technology of water injection flooding in the investigation oil field. Our program has a wide application,after repeated practice, it has well effects.
引文
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