ADS注入器II强流质子RFQ加速器控制系统的研究
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摘要
中国科学院近代物理研究所目前承担了ADS直线注入器II的研制，用于该注入器的四翼型RFQ工作频率是162.5MHz，可将质子束从35keV加速到2.1MeV。由于高频腔一旦失谐，会引起反射功率的增加和功率馈送的效率下降，从而导致束流品质的变坏，所以RFQ运行的稳定性和可靠性关系到整个直线注入器的性能。因此需要搭建一套稳定并可靠的控制系统来确保RFQ的正常运行，提供对RFQ水路信息的准确采集和及时响应的联锁保护系统，高频以及水冷、真空控制系统。RFQ控制系统采用EPICS分布式架构，完成了对RFQ功率源、水冷和真空、水温联锁保护等系统的底层驱动开发。水温联锁保护系统使用冗余PLC实现所有控制功能，极大加强了系统的稳定性，降低了系统故障率，对RFQ加速器的稳定运行起到了关键作用。本论文实现了国内首套基于EPICS分布式控制系统并且具有PLC控制器冗余功能的强流质子RFQ加速器控制系统的研究开发。
论文主要论述了基于EPICS的RFQ加速器控制系统和水温联锁保护系统的具体实现方法。其中，在基于EPICS的控制系统设计中，详细介绍冗余PLC以及功率源等设备EPICS底层驱动的解决方法，冗余PLC的EPICS驱动程序使用TCP/IP协议，可以从主备两个PLC处获取数据，并且不受故障PLC的影响。此外，使用Streamdevice，完成了水冷机、真空计、研华4068模块等设备EPICS底层驱动的编写，并且自行开发代码植入到Streamdevice模块内，完成了Streamdevice对新校验类型的支持，实现了水冷系统的控制，真空度的回读以及超限时的声光报警功能。由于ADS注入器II束诊和超导腔测试系统的控制由其内部人员独立开发，Labview被大量使用，论文还对Labview与EPICS数据接口问题进行了研究，使用DSC模块及CALab的方式完成了EPICS和Labview之间的数据交互和访问，实现了ADS控制系统所有数据的透明性和统一性。为进一步提高系统的可靠性，水温联锁保护系统的控制器使用了菲尼克斯的RFC460R PN3TX冗余PLC，与设备的通讯方式主要是模拟量和数字量信号，主备PLC通过千兆光纤进行数据同步。通过PC WORX软件完成对PLC进行编程，实现了RFQ所有水路流量、温度和压力信息的准确读入以及与EPICS系统的数据交互，并且通过实时判断采集的数据实现相应的报警提示和联锁保护功能。本地触摸屏通过OPC技术与PLC之间进行数据通讯，使用Visu+软件完成了触摸屏人机交互界面的设计。
使用CSS完成了EPICS系统的上层界面开发，通过在线运行的结果表明，RFQ控制系统满足目前RFQ调束和运行的需要，达到设计要求。
此外，基于PIC24单片机，实现了单片机与FPGA调节器的通讯以及对触摸屏的配置和控制工作，完成了数字电源监控系统的设计。
The injector II of China ADS project is undertaken by Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Science. The RFQ for injector II will be operated at the frequency of162.5MHz, and the proton beam can be accelerated from35keV to2.1MeV. Theefficiency of input power and beam quality will decrease if the RF cavity detunes. So thestability and reliability of RFQ is very important for the whole injector. A stable andreliable control system for RFQ is required, which should supply an interlock protectionsystem, high frequency control system, water cooling and vacuum control system. It is adistributed control system based on EPICS, and the drivers for power source, watercooling, vacuum and interlock protection system have been completed. The redundancyPLC is used in interlock protection system to implement the control functions, which cangreatly enhance the system stability and reduce the failure rate. In this paper, thedevelopment of control system with redundant PLC controllers of RFQ accelerator basedon EPICS is firstly realized in China.
The RFQ control system based on EPICS is introduced in this paper and theinterlock protection system is studied in detail. The EPICS drivers for redundancy PLCcontrollers and power source are expounded, in which, the data can be obtained fromboth PLC controllers without influence by the failure of PLC. EPICS drivers for the heatexchange, the vacuum gauge and the4068module are achieved by Streamdevice. Codesare written and modified into Streamdevice, and a new type of checksum is supported.The functions of cooling system control, the vacuum level read back and correspondingsound and light alarm are realized. Since, Labview is widely applied in the beamdiagnostic system and SRF test system, so the solution of data exchange between EPICSand Labview is investigated. Two ways—DSC module and CA Lab are presented in this thesis. The redundancy PLC controllers RFC460R PN3TX produced by Phoenixcompany is used in the interlock protection system to improve the system reliability. Themain signals with devices are analog and digital, and the data between the master andslave PLC can be synchronized by Gigabit fiber. The PLC programming is finished byPC WORX to collect the information of temperature, flow and pressure of all waterwaysof RFQ, as well as the data exchange with EPICS system. In addition, alarm and interlockprotection can be completed. The touch screen used for local control obtains data fromPLC based on OPC technology, and the interface is designed by Visu plus.
The EPICS interface development is implemented by CSS, and RFQ controlsystem is verified to meet the requirements of beam tuning and operation.
For the other related work, the control system for digital power supply based onmicrocontroller is finished. In the project, the microcontroller communicates with FPGAand finally the configuration and control of touch screen are all completed.
论文主要论述了基于EPICS的RFQ加速器控制系统和水温联锁保护系统的具体实现方法。其中，在基于EPICS的控制系统设计中，详细介绍冗余PLC以及功率源等设备EPICS底层驱动的解决方法，冗余PLC的EPICS驱动程序使用TCP/IP协议，可以从主备两个PLC处获取数据，并且不受故障PLC的影响。此外，使用Streamdevice，完成了水冷机、真空计、研华4068模块等设备EPICS底层驱动的编写，并且自行开发代码植入到Streamdevice模块内，完成了Streamdevice对新校验类型的支持，实现了水冷系统的控制，真空度的回读以及超限时的声光报警功能。由于ADS注入器II束诊和超导腔测试系统的控制由其内部人员独立开发，Labview被大量使用，论文还对Labview与EPICS数据接口问题进行了研究，使用DSC模块及CALab的方式完成了EPICS和Labview之间的数据交互和访问，实现了ADS控制系统所有数据的透明性和统一性。为进一步提高系统的可靠性，水温联锁保护系统的控制器使用了菲尼克斯的RFC460R PN3TX冗余PLC，与设备的通讯方式主要是模拟量和数字量信号，主备PLC通过千兆光纤进行数据同步。通过PC WORX软件完成对PLC进行编程，实现了RFQ所有水路流量、温度和压力信息的准确读入以及与EPICS系统的数据交互，并且通过实时判断采集的数据实现相应的报警提示和联锁保护功能。本地触摸屏通过OPC技术与PLC之间进行数据通讯，使用Visu+软件完成了触摸屏人机交互界面的设计。
使用CSS完成了EPICS系统的上层界面开发，通过在线运行的结果表明，RFQ控制系统满足目前RFQ调束和运行的需要，达到设计要求。
此外，基于PIC24单片机，实现了单片机与FPGA调节器的通讯以及对触摸屏的配置和控制工作，完成了数字电源监控系统的设计。
The injector II of China ADS project is undertaken by Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Science. The RFQ for injector II will be operated at the frequency of162.5MHz, and the proton beam can be accelerated from35keV to2.1MeV. Theefficiency of input power and beam quality will decrease if the RF cavity detunes. So thestability and reliability of RFQ is very important for the whole injector. A stable andreliable control system for RFQ is required, which should supply an interlock protectionsystem, high frequency control system, water cooling and vacuum control system. It is adistributed control system based on EPICS, and the drivers for power source, watercooling, vacuum and interlock protection system have been completed. The redundancyPLC is used in interlock protection system to implement the control functions, which cangreatly enhance the system stability and reduce the failure rate. In this paper, thedevelopment of control system with redundant PLC controllers of RFQ accelerator basedon EPICS is firstly realized in China.
The RFQ control system based on EPICS is introduced in this paper and theinterlock protection system is studied in detail. The EPICS drivers for redundancy PLCcontrollers and power source are expounded, in which, the data can be obtained fromboth PLC controllers without influence by the failure of PLC. EPICS drivers for the heatexchange, the vacuum gauge and the4068module are achieved by Streamdevice. Codesare written and modified into Streamdevice, and a new type of checksum is supported.The functions of cooling system control, the vacuum level read back and correspondingsound and light alarm are realized. Since, Labview is widely applied in the beamdiagnostic system and SRF test system, so the solution of data exchange between EPICSand Labview is investigated. Two ways—DSC module and CA Lab are presented in this thesis. The redundancy PLC controllers RFC460R PN3TX produced by Phoenixcompany is used in the interlock protection system to improve the system reliability. Themain signals with devices are analog and digital, and the data between the master andslave PLC can be synchronized by Gigabit fiber. The PLC programming is finished byPC WORX to collect the information of temperature, flow and pressure of all waterwaysof RFQ, as well as the data exchange with EPICS system. In addition, alarm and interlockprotection can be completed. The touch screen used for local control obtains data fromPLC based on OPC technology, and the interface is designed by Visu plus.
The EPICS interface development is implemented by CSS, and RFQ controlsystem is verified to meet the requirements of beam tuning and operation.
For the other related work, the control system for digital power supply based onmicrocontroller is finished. In the project, the microcontroller communicates with FPGAand finally the configuration and control of touch screen are all completed.
引文
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[6] ADS嬗变系统质子直线加速器项目实施方案概述，2010.12
[7]何源，10mA@10MeV proton linac Design for China ADS project，国际评审会议，兰州，2011.09
[8]陈佳洱，方家训.射频四极场（RFQ）的发展.自然科学进展，第11卷第11期，2001,11,p1121-1131
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[10] Overview of4-rod RFQ peculiarities, FNAL, April04,2013.
[11]清华大学通信教研组.高频电路(上册).北京:人民邮电出版社,1977.364)370.
[12]许哲.CSR实验环高频系统的研制，中科院近物所博士学位论文，2008
[13] Zhang Zhouli, He Yuan, Shi Aimin, Zhang Bin and et al. Design of a four-vane RFQfor China ADS project. Proceedings of LINAC2012, Tel-Aviv, Israel2012:942-944
[14]赵籍九，尹兆升.粒子加速器技术，2006
[15]王春红.加速器控制技术报告
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[18]乔显杰.BEPC II超导磁铁时超探测器监控系统的研究，博士论文，2012.
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[20]赵籍九，EPICS概述。
[21] Philip Stanley, Janet Anderson, Marty Kraimer. EPICS3-14Record ReferenceManual[EB/OL].[2012-10].
[22] Kenneth Evans, Jr, Kay Kasemir, Andrew Johnson. Channel Access and ClientTools,2007
[23] John Sinclair, Kay Kasemir, Andrew Johnson.Extensible Display Manager forEPICS,2007
[24] http://www.aps.anl.gov/epics/extensions/probe/index.php
[25]http://www.aps.anl.gov/epics/EpicsDocumentation/ExtensionsManuals/AlarmHandler/alhUserGuide-1.2.33/ALHUserGuide.htm
[26]http://www.aps.anl.gov/epics/EpicsDocumentation/ExtensionsManuals/StripTool/StripTool.html#ControlsWindow
[27] http://cosylab.com/resources/downloads_/
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[29]谢希仁，计算机网络，北京：电子工业出版社，2008.1
[30]网络规划与设计，锐捷网络，2005，10
[31]郭玉辉，ADS注入器II控制系统评审报告，2013,5
[32]鸟哥，鸟哥的Linux私房菜，人民邮电出版社，2010,7
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[36] Eric Norum,Input/Output Controller (IOC) Overview
[37]162.5MHz/40kW固态功率源系统测试验收报告,中科院近物所
[38] http://epics.web.psi.ch/software/streamdevice/
[39] http://epics.web.psi.ch/software/streamdevice/doc/setup.html#sta
[40]4060/4068快速入门手册
[41] Y. HE, W.M. YUE,ect. SRF CAVITIES FOR ADS PROJECT IN CHINA,Proceedings of SRF2013, Paris, France
[42]李刚，赵籍九。LabV IEW一EPICS在BEPCll温度监测系统中的应用，核电子学与探测技术，29（2），2006.3,P222-225
[43]朱记全，沈昱明。基于Labview DSC温控器的Modbus通讯实现，工业控制计算机，25（11），2012，P39
[44] NI内部资料，EPICS HANDS ON
[45] CA Lab—Simplify your LABVIEW-EPICS Communication, EPICS Meeting,2013,4
[46]于春蕾，郭玉辉，何源等，基于冗余技术的强流质子RFQ控制系统设计，原子能科学技术，2014.4
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