一种具有杯状横磁场电极结构的真空灭弧室
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摘要
真空断路器是电力系统中最重要的一种开关设备,它担负着控制和保护的双重任务。它能关合、承载、开断运行回路正常电流,也能在规定时间内关合、承载及开断规定的过载电流。真空灭弧室则是真空断路器的“心脏”,担负着电弧控制和电流开断的重要任务。根据真空电弧理论来改变真空灭弧室触头结构,使其开断时在触头间隙产生磁场的方法来保证真空灭弧室的短路电流开断能力。真空灭弧室由于充分利用了真空优异的绝缘与熄弧特性,在中压开关领域中已成为当前的主流及未来发展的方向。
本论文主要对杯状横磁真空灭弧室的设计和制造过程进行了详细的阐述。
根据所产生的磁场方向的不同,可分为横向磁场结构和纵向磁场结构,本文设计了一种具有杯状横磁场触头结构的真空灭弧室,研究它在低压真空断路器中的开断性能。
将该触头结构应用于现行的真空灭弧室中,制成试品,在合成回路与原结构产品进行了比较性试验,试验结果表明,采用该杯状纵磁场触头结构的真空灭弧室其电流开断密度较原结构有较大的提高。
该触头结构的应用将有效地提高现行产品的开断性能,有利于在不改变产品性能的前提下缩小现有产品的外径尺寸,提高产品性能。
The vacuum circuit breaker is one of the most important switchgear in power system, which can control and protect power system. It can turn on, bear and break normal current in circuit, but also bear and break the overloaded current within stipulated time. The vacuum interrupter is the heart of vacuum circuit break, which take charge of controlling the electric arc and breaking current. In order to make sure that it has the excellent breaking performance when the circuit is shorted, according to vacuum electric arc theory, the touch head structure of vacuum interrupter was changed to make it produce magnetic field between the two touch heads. Because the vacuum interrupter has fully utilized the excellent insulation and putting out electric arc character of vacuum, it became the mainstream and direction of development in low and mid voltage field.
According to direction of magnetic field, the touch head is divided into horizontal magnetic field structure and vertical magnetic field structure. In the paper a new type vacuum interrupter based on horizontal magnetic cup touch head was designed and the performance was researched when it was applied to the low voltage breaker.
Apply the new type touch head structure to vacuum interrupter , make the product of trying on. The comparative test in combination circuit was carried on between the new touch head structure product and the original structure product. The result of test indicated that the vacuum interrupter based cup form horizontal magnetic field touch head structure has greater improvement in the performance of turning on current density than the original structure.
The application of new type touch head structure will effectively improve breaking capability, and reduce the size of interrupter without influencing other properties and improve its performance
本论文主要对杯状横磁真空灭弧室的设计和制造过程进行了详细的阐述。
根据所产生的磁场方向的不同,可分为横向磁场结构和纵向磁场结构,本文设计了一种具有杯状横磁场触头结构的真空灭弧室,研究它在低压真空断路器中的开断性能。
将该触头结构应用于现行的真空灭弧室中,制成试品,在合成回路与原结构产品进行了比较性试验,试验结果表明,采用该杯状纵磁场触头结构的真空灭弧室其电流开断密度较原结构有较大的提高。
该触头结构的应用将有效地提高现行产品的开断性能,有利于在不改变产品性能的前提下缩小现有产品的外径尺寸,提高产品性能。
The vacuum circuit breaker is one of the most important switchgear in power system, which can control and protect power system. It can turn on, bear and break normal current in circuit, but also bear and break the overloaded current within stipulated time. The vacuum interrupter is the heart of vacuum circuit break, which take charge of controlling the electric arc and breaking current. In order to make sure that it has the excellent breaking performance when the circuit is shorted, according to vacuum electric arc theory, the touch head structure of vacuum interrupter was changed to make it produce magnetic field between the two touch heads. Because the vacuum interrupter has fully utilized the excellent insulation and putting out electric arc character of vacuum, it became the mainstream and direction of development in low and mid voltage field.
According to direction of magnetic field, the touch head is divided into horizontal magnetic field structure and vertical magnetic field structure. In the paper a new type vacuum interrupter based on horizontal magnetic cup touch head was designed and the performance was researched when it was applied to the low voltage breaker.
Apply the new type touch head structure to vacuum interrupter , make the product of trying on. The comparative test in combination circuit was carried on between the new touch head structure product and the original structure product. The result of test indicated that the vacuum interrupter based cup form horizontal magnetic field touch head structure has greater improvement in the performance of turning on current density than the original structure.
The application of new type touch head structure will effectively improve breaking capability, and reduce the size of interrupter without influencing other properties and improve its performance
引文
[1] 包红旗,岳保良,《电器运行》,中国水利水电出版社,1998
[2] 张节容,钱家骊,王伯翰,徐国政,《高压电器理论和应用》,清华大学出版社,1989。
[3] (加)E.库费尔(德)W.S.岑格尔,《高电压工程基础》,机械工业出版社,1984
[4] 王季梅,《真空开关理论极其应用》,西安交通大学出版社,1986。
[5] V.N.墨尔勒 M.S.奈杜, 《SF6 和真空中高压绝缘及电弧开断的进展》,水利电力出版社,1980
[6] 王季梅,钱忠厚,《具有纵向磁场结构真空灭弧室的研究》,西安大学学报,1986,20(1):33-39
[7] 王毅,王季梅,《纵向磁场下真空电弧的特性研究》,中国电机工程学报,1987,7(5):34-41 [ 8 ] H.Fink,M.Himbach,W.Shang, A New Contact Design Based on a Quadrupolar Axial Magnetic Field and its Characteritics ,ETEP Vol. 10, No. 2, March/April 2000
[9] 刘东晖等,两种新型的纵磁触头结构真空灭弧室的研究比较,电工技术学报,第 18 卷第 6 期,2003 年 12 月
[10]刘志远,杯状纵磁真空灭弧室三维纵磁场和涡流场仿真,2002
[11]徐国政,钱家骊等,高压断路器原理和应用,清华大学出版社,2000
[12]沦兹,真空灭弧室纵向和横向磁场触头优化应用,东北电力技术,2002 年第 1 期
[13]修士新 王季梅,提高真空灭弧室分断性能的研究,真空电子技术,2000年第 3 期
[14]染井宏通 本间三孝,为真空断路器的小型化做出贡献的真空电弧最新控制技术,陈英译自 OHM.1997,84(1).95~99
[15]刘志远等,铁芯式两极纵磁真空灭弧室铁芯中涡流分析,中国电机工程学报,第 21 卷第 6 期,2001 年 6 月
[16]修士新等,大电流真空电弧特性的研究与分析, 电网技术,第 21 卷第 6期,1997 年 6 月
[17]王季梅 苑舜,大容量真空开关理论及其产品开发,西安交通大学出版社,2001 年 10 月
[18]常越,调整真空灭弧室纵向磁场分布方法的研究,高压电器,1996 年第 3期
[19]王仲奕 王季梅,真空灭弧室中自生磁场效应和外加磁场的作用
[20]K.Nitta, K.Watanabe,K.kagenaga 等,真空断路器电极三维磁场分析,陈振生译自 IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery, vol.12,No.4,1997
[21]樱井良文,现代工程磁学,机械工业出版社,1987
[22]GB01984-2003 高压交流断路器
[23]JB/T8738-1998 3.6~40.5kV 交流高压开关设备用真空灭弧室
[24]JB/T8738-1998 3.6~40.5kV 户内交流高压真空断路器
[25]金懋昌,真空技术,东南大学出版社,1995 年 5 月
[26]Dullni,E.et al.ABB Review,March 1989,pp.11-18
[27]Gellert.B et al.IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. ps-15, No.5, Oct. 1987,pp.546-551.
[28]Gellert B. et al. Proc.14th Int. Symp. on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum, USA, Sept. 1990, pp.450-454.
[29]Yanabu S. et al, IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. 17, No.5, Oct.1989,pp.717-723.
[30]Frey.P et al. IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. ps-17, No.5, 1989,pp.734-740.
[31]Kippenberg,H. Proc.13th Int. Conf. on Elec. Contacts, Switzerland, Sept. 1986, pp.140-144.
[2] 张节容,钱家骊,王伯翰,徐国政,《高压电器理论和应用》,清华大学出版社,1989。
[3] (加)E.库费尔(德)W.S.岑格尔,《高电压工程基础》,机械工业出版社,1984
[4] 王季梅,《真空开关理论极其应用》,西安交通大学出版社,1986。
[5] V.N.墨尔勒 M.S.奈杜, 《SF6 和真空中高压绝缘及电弧开断的进展》,水利电力出版社,1980
[6] 王季梅,钱忠厚,《具有纵向磁场结构真空灭弧室的研究》,西安大学学报,1986,20(1):33-39
[7] 王毅,王季梅,《纵向磁场下真空电弧的特性研究》,中国电机工程学报,1987,7(5):34-41 [ 8 ] H.Fink,M.Himbach,W.Shang, A New Contact Design Based on a Quadrupolar Axial Magnetic Field and its Characteritics ,ETEP Vol. 10, No. 2, March/April 2000
[9] 刘东晖等,两种新型的纵磁触头结构真空灭弧室的研究比较,电工技术学报,第 18 卷第 6 期,2003 年 12 月
[10]刘志远,杯状纵磁真空灭弧室三维纵磁场和涡流场仿真,2002
[11]徐国政,钱家骊等,高压断路器原理和应用,清华大学出版社,2000
[12]沦兹,真空灭弧室纵向和横向磁场触头优化应用,东北电力技术,2002 年第 1 期
[13]修士新 王季梅,提高真空灭弧室分断性能的研究,真空电子技术,2000年第 3 期
[14]染井宏通 本间三孝,为真空断路器的小型化做出贡献的真空电弧最新控制技术,陈英译自 OHM.1997,84(1).95~99
[15]刘志远等,铁芯式两极纵磁真空灭弧室铁芯中涡流分析,中国电机工程学报,第 21 卷第 6 期,2001 年 6 月
[16]修士新等,大电流真空电弧特性的研究与分析, 电网技术,第 21 卷第 6期,1997 年 6 月
[17]王季梅 苑舜,大容量真空开关理论及其产品开发,西安交通大学出版社,2001 年 10 月
[18]常越,调整真空灭弧室纵向磁场分布方法的研究,高压电器,1996 年第 3期
[19]王仲奕 王季梅,真空灭弧室中自生磁场效应和外加磁场的作用
[20]K.Nitta, K.Watanabe,K.kagenaga 等,真空断路器电极三维磁场分析,陈振生译自 IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery, vol.12,No.4,1997
[21]樱井良文,现代工程磁学,机械工业出版社,1987
[22]GB01984-2003 高压交流断路器
[23]JB/T8738-1998 3.6~40.5kV 交流高压开关设备用真空灭弧室
[24]JB/T8738-1998 3.6~40.5kV 户内交流高压真空断路器
[25]金懋昌,真空技术,东南大学出版社,1995 年 5 月
[26]Dullni,E.et al.ABB Review,March 1989,pp.11-18
[27]Gellert.B et al.IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. ps-15, No.5, Oct. 1987,pp.546-551.
[28]Gellert B. et al. Proc.14th Int. Symp. on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum, USA, Sept. 1990, pp.450-454.
[29]Yanabu S. et al, IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. 17, No.5, Oct.1989,pp.717-723.
[30]Frey.P et al. IEEE Trans. PS, Vol. ps-17, No.5, 1989,pp.734-740.
[31]Kippenberg,H. Proc.13th Int. Conf. on Elec. Contacts, Switzerland, Sept. 1986, pp.140-144.