成都市企业知识产权保护现状与对策研究
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摘要
在二十一世纪,知识的力量已经超越其他任何一种生产要素而成为促进世界经济发展的首要要素。至此,知识产权依然不再仅仅是作为一种普适性的制度规范,而是作为国家或企业之间竞争的最有力的武器,知识产权的创造、管理、运用、保护的能力和水平也正日益成为衡量一个国家、城市、乃至企业核心竞争力的最重要指标。因此,不论是国家抑或是企业乃至公民个人,都对知识产权保护提出了更高的要求。
成都市作为国家知识产权工作示范城市,在知识产权保护工作方面取得了巨大成就的同时,但也存在着行政和司法保护力度薄弱、企业知识产权意识不强等诸多不足之处。面对成都市知识产权保护机制的不健全和企业知识产权保护意识的不觉醒,加上世界市场保护主义的兴起,成都市企业近年来遇到的种种知识产权陷阱和纠纷,已经给这些企业带来了大量的经济损失和发展阻碍。另外,也有事实证明:在全球性经济危机中,那些拥有较多知识产权的企业,或者是那些注重知识产权创新与保护的企业,在竞争中往往能够处于有利的地位,这些企业受金融危机的影响甚小。如果成都市企业不加紧步伐制定和实施知识产权保护战略措施,必将面临企业发展的瓶颈乃至企业生存的困境。因此,在这种严峻的形式下,研究企业知识产权保护并提出相应的行之有效的解决方式,无疑具有重大的理论意义和实践价值。
本文通过问卷调查、案例分析、查阅文献等方式,深入走访了版权局、商标局等部门和企业,了解到成都市企业知识产权保护现状,总结分析了成都市企业知识产权保护现状背后的原因,并在此基础上提出了相应的解决措施。笔者认为,企业知识产权保护依赖于企业自身的重视以及行政、司法、中介组织的辅助。鉴于企业知识产权已经成为维系企业生存与发展的核心竞争力,成都市企业要想冲破地域走向世界,必须提升自身知识产权保护水平。本地企业应该从提高自身知识产权意识出发,努力构建企业内部的知识产权战略以及制度,如专门的商标、专利、商业秘密管理制度和知识产权侵权诉讼管理制度;此外,依靠社会各界的力量,充分发挥各项社会资源的作用,通过司法、行政、中介等机构或组织的保护和引导,从而提升成都市企业知识产权保护水平。
In the twenty-first century, the power of knowledge has surpassed any other of the factors of production and become the primary factor to promote world economic development. Thus, IP is not only as a universal system of norms, but as the most powerful weapon for competition between countries or enterprises. The capacity of the Intellectual property creation, management, use and the level of protection is growing as the most important indicator to measure the core competitiveness of a country or a city. Thus, whether the state or company, and even individual citizens, are on a higher intellectual property protection requirements.
As a national model city of intellectual property rights in intellectual property protection, Chengdu has made great achievements. But there are also many other shortcomings such as the weak force of administrative or judicial protection, and the sense of corporate intellectual property is weak. In the face of intellectual property protection mechanisms in Chengdu and corporate intellectual property protection is not perfect is not the awakening consciousness, coupled with the rise of market protectionism in the world, corporate in Chengdu encountered a pitfalls of intellectual property rights and disputes have been brought to these companies to a large number of economic losses and hinder development. In addition, there are factual proof that: During the global economic crisis, those enterprises with more intellectual property rights, or those enterprises who focus on innovation and protection of intellectual property rights often at a favorable position in the competition, these business financial crisis very small. If enterprises do not step up the pace of Chengdu to develop and implement strategies for intellectual property protection measures, will face bottlenecks in the development of enterprises and even business survival predicament. Therefore, in this severe form, the research enterprise and the corresponding intellectual property protection and effective solution is undoubtedly of great theoretical and practical value.
Through questionnaires, case studies, literature review, etc., in-depth visits to the Copyright Office, Trademark Office and other departments and companies, aware of status of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu, summarizes and analyzes the status of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu, the reasons behind and puts forward the corresponding solutions. The author believes that corporate intellectual property protection depends on the company's own attention as well as administrative, judicial, intermediary organizations assist. Intellectual Property has been maintained in view of enterprise survival and development of core competencies, Chengdu enterprises are to break through the region to the world, need to improve their level of IPR protection. Local enterprises should improve their awareness of IPR from the start efforts to build intellectual property strategies and enterprise systems, such as specialized in trademarks, patents, trade secrets and intellectual property infringement litigation administration system management systems; In addition, relying on social forces, play the role of social resources, through judicial, administrative, intermediary and other institutions or organizations to protect and guide, so as to enhance the level of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu.
成都市作为国家知识产权工作示范城市,在知识产权保护工作方面取得了巨大成就的同时,但也存在着行政和司法保护力度薄弱、企业知识产权意识不强等诸多不足之处。面对成都市知识产权保护机制的不健全和企业知识产权保护意识的不觉醒,加上世界市场保护主义的兴起,成都市企业近年来遇到的种种知识产权陷阱和纠纷,已经给这些企业带来了大量的经济损失和发展阻碍。另外,也有事实证明:在全球性经济危机中,那些拥有较多知识产权的企业,或者是那些注重知识产权创新与保护的企业,在竞争中往往能够处于有利的地位,这些企业受金融危机的影响甚小。如果成都市企业不加紧步伐制定和实施知识产权保护战略措施,必将面临企业发展的瓶颈乃至企业生存的困境。因此,在这种严峻的形式下,研究企业知识产权保护并提出相应的行之有效的解决方式,无疑具有重大的理论意义和实践价值。
本文通过问卷调查、案例分析、查阅文献等方式,深入走访了版权局、商标局等部门和企业,了解到成都市企业知识产权保护现状,总结分析了成都市企业知识产权保护现状背后的原因,并在此基础上提出了相应的解决措施。笔者认为,企业知识产权保护依赖于企业自身的重视以及行政、司法、中介组织的辅助。鉴于企业知识产权已经成为维系企业生存与发展的核心竞争力,成都市企业要想冲破地域走向世界,必须提升自身知识产权保护水平。本地企业应该从提高自身知识产权意识出发,努力构建企业内部的知识产权战略以及制度,如专门的商标、专利、商业秘密管理制度和知识产权侵权诉讼管理制度;此外,依靠社会各界的力量,充分发挥各项社会资源的作用,通过司法、行政、中介等机构或组织的保护和引导,从而提升成都市企业知识产权保护水平。
In the twenty-first century, the power of knowledge has surpassed any other of the factors of production and become the primary factor to promote world economic development. Thus, IP is not only as a universal system of norms, but as the most powerful weapon for competition between countries or enterprises. The capacity of the Intellectual property creation, management, use and the level of protection is growing as the most important indicator to measure the core competitiveness of a country or a city. Thus, whether the state or company, and even individual citizens, are on a higher intellectual property protection requirements.
As a national model city of intellectual property rights in intellectual property protection, Chengdu has made great achievements. But there are also many other shortcomings such as the weak force of administrative or judicial protection, and the sense of corporate intellectual property is weak. In the face of intellectual property protection mechanisms in Chengdu and corporate intellectual property protection is not perfect is not the awakening consciousness, coupled with the rise of market protectionism in the world, corporate in Chengdu encountered a pitfalls of intellectual property rights and disputes have been brought to these companies to a large number of economic losses and hinder development. In addition, there are factual proof that: During the global economic crisis, those enterprises with more intellectual property rights, or those enterprises who focus on innovation and protection of intellectual property rights often at a favorable position in the competition, these business financial crisis very small. If enterprises do not step up the pace of Chengdu to develop and implement strategies for intellectual property protection measures, will face bottlenecks in the development of enterprises and even business survival predicament. Therefore, in this severe form, the research enterprise and the corresponding intellectual property protection and effective solution is undoubtedly of great theoretical and practical value.
Through questionnaires, case studies, literature review, etc., in-depth visits to the Copyright Office, Trademark Office and other departments and companies, aware of status of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu, summarizes and analyzes the status of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu, the reasons behind and puts forward the corresponding solutions. The author believes that corporate intellectual property protection depends on the company's own attention as well as administrative, judicial, intermediary organizations assist. Intellectual Property has been maintained in view of enterprise survival and development of core competencies, Chengdu enterprises are to break through the region to the world, need to improve their level of IPR protection. Local enterprises should improve their awareness of IPR from the start efforts to build intellectual property strategies and enterprise systems, such as specialized in trademarks, patents, trade secrets and intellectual property infringement litigation administration system management systems; In addition, relying on social forces, play the role of social resources, through judicial, administrative, intermediary and other institutions or organizations to protect and guide, so as to enhance the level of Intellectual Property Protection in Chengdu.
引文
[1]经济学者公司:增长之引擎,美国知识产权产业对经济的贡献,2005.11
[2] Geller.国际版权的法律与实践,1996
[3]《建立世界知识产权组织公约》第二条.
[4]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004
[5]谢铭洋.智慧财产权之基础理论(第三版).台北:翰芦图书出版公司, 2001.
[6]刘春田.简论知识产权.北京:中国方正出版社, 1996.
[7]程啸.知识产权法若干基本问题之反思.中国人民大学学报, 2001(1): 75-81.
[8]刘春田.知识财产权解析.中国社会科学, 2003(4): 109-121.
[9]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004.
[10]张玉敏.知识产权法学.北京:法律出版社, 2002.
[11]郑成思.知识产权论.北京:法律出版社,2007
[12]李国光.知识产权诉讼.北京:人民法院出版社, 1999.
[13]刘春田.知识产权法教程.中国人民大学出版社1995
[14]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004
[15]谢铭洋.智慧财产权之基础理论(第四版).台北:翰芦图书出版有限公司, 2004: 15-19.
[16] Rivette, Kevin G., Kline, David. Discovering New Value in Intellectual Property. Harvard Business Review, 2000(1/2): 54-66.
[17]徐雨森.基于知识产权战略的工业企业核心能力培育.研究与发展管理, 2003, 15(1): 69-73.
[18]肖洪.论企业竞争力与企业专利战略.情报科学, 2004, 22(8): 951-954.
[19]程恩富,丁晓钦.构建知识产权优势理论与战略—兼论比较优势和竞争优势理论.当代经济研究, 2003(9): 20-25.
[20]中国企业海外知识产权纠纷典型案例启示录.知识产权出版社.2009年第一版.
[21] Allred, Brent B., Park, Walter G.. The Influence of Patent Protection on Firm Innovation Investment in Manufacturing Industries. Journal of International Management, 2007(13): 91-109.
[22] Kanwar, Sunil. Business Enterprise R&D, Technological Change, and Intellectual Property Protection. Economics Letters, 2007(96): 120-126.
[23]周寄中,徐倩云.知识经济中的知识产权制度及其激励功能.研究与发展管理, 2002(2): 51-55,61.
[24]孙熙妹.论中国企业的知识产权保护意识.辽宁商务职业学院学报(社会科学版).2003.3
[25]袁国君.知识产权保护与城市创新能力现状分析—成都市保护知识产权现状及分析.技术与创新管理.2007,8
[26] http://www.cpo.cn.net/zcll/dtbd/gndt/t20031010_20096.htm. [27 ]鲍黎黎.论行业协会在知识产权保护中的作用.2009.中国法律信息网.
[28]王景川.加强知识产权能力建设培育和发展核心竞争力.科技广场, 2002(4).
[29]李蓉,肖延高,王晓明.全球化背景下我国企业的自主知识产权能力建构分析.电子科技大学学报(社科版), 2007, 9(1): 45-49,76.
[30]栾绍香.论知识产权保护存在的问题及对策.现代商贸工业.2008(10)
[2] Geller.国际版权的法律与实践,1996
[3]《建立世界知识产权组织公约》第二条.
[4]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004
[5]谢铭洋.智慧财产权之基础理论(第三版).台北:翰芦图书出版公司, 2001.
[6]刘春田.简论知识产权.北京:中国方正出版社, 1996.
[7]程啸.知识产权法若干基本问题之反思.中国人民大学学报, 2001(1): 75-81.
[8]刘春田.知识财产权解析.中国社会科学, 2003(4): 109-121.
[9]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004.
[10]张玉敏.知识产权法学.北京:法律出版社, 2002.
[11]郑成思.知识产权论.北京:法律出版社,2007
[12]李国光.知识产权诉讼.北京:人民法院出版社, 1999.
[13]刘春田.知识产权法教程.中国人民大学出版社1995
[14]吴汉东.知识产权法.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004
[15]谢铭洋.智慧财产权之基础理论(第四版).台北:翰芦图书出版有限公司, 2004: 15-19.
[16] Rivette, Kevin G., Kline, David. Discovering New Value in Intellectual Property. Harvard Business Review, 2000(1/2): 54-66.
[17]徐雨森.基于知识产权战略的工业企业核心能力培育.研究与发展管理, 2003, 15(1): 69-73.
[18]肖洪.论企业竞争力与企业专利战略.情报科学, 2004, 22(8): 951-954.
[19]程恩富,丁晓钦.构建知识产权优势理论与战略—兼论比较优势和竞争优势理论.当代经济研究, 2003(9): 20-25.
[20]中国企业海外知识产权纠纷典型案例启示录.知识产权出版社.2009年第一版.
[21] Allred, Brent B., Park, Walter G.. The Influence of Patent Protection on Firm Innovation Investment in Manufacturing Industries. Journal of International Management, 2007(13): 91-109.
[22] Kanwar, Sunil. Business Enterprise R&D, Technological Change, and Intellectual Property Protection. Economics Letters, 2007(96): 120-126.
[23]周寄中,徐倩云.知识经济中的知识产权制度及其激励功能.研究与发展管理, 2002(2): 51-55,61.
[24]孙熙妹.论中国企业的知识产权保护意识.辽宁商务职业学院学报(社会科学版).2003.3
[25]袁国君.知识产权保护与城市创新能力现状分析—成都市保护知识产权现状及分析.技术与创新管理.2007,8
[26] http://www.cpo.cn.net/zcll/dtbd/gndt/t20031010_20096.htm. [27 ]鲍黎黎.论行业协会在知识产权保护中的作用.2009.中国法律信息网.
[28]王景川.加强知识产权能力建设培育和发展核心竞争力.科技广场, 2002(4).
[29]李蓉,肖延高,王晓明.全球化背景下我国企业的自主知识产权能力建构分析.电子科技大学学报(社科版), 2007, 9(1): 45-49,76.
[30]栾绍香.论知识产权保护存在的问题及对策.现代商贸工业.2008(10)