基于OpenSees和特征建模的连续梁桥设计分析系统研究
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摘要
桥梁结构设计一般是在大量参考已有相似工程的情况下完成的,实践表明,对已有设计图纸和资料的重用对提高设计效率具有显著作用。但是设计人员对已有设计资料的运用还停留在人工查阅和部分复制阶段,对历史设计资料的运用十分有限。为充分利用以往的设计资料,应解决桥梁设计和计算两个方面的问题。
鉴于此,以期为桥梁设计重用提供完整的解决方案,本文的研究工作包括如下四个方面:
首先,通过对国内外桥梁CAD软件和大量桥梁通用图纸分析研究的基础上,总结了桥梁构件组成之间的特征依赖关系,提出基于特征的桥梁建模方法,并进一步研究了融合知识的连续梁桥特征建模理论,并采用邻接表法完成了特征模型的计算机描述。其次,综合考虑桥梁构件中钢筋、预应力钢筋和荷载,基于OpenSees研究并验证了包含钢筋的桥梁构件的有限元计算方法。第三,建立了连续梁桥特征建模到OpenSees有限元计算的接口,为桥梁特征建模的设计和计算提供了有效地方法。最后,采用OpenGL图形库、C#2.0编程语言和面向对象程序设计方法进行系统开发,完成了OpenSees可计算的连续梁桥特征建模系统开发;并以某设计院的3跨90m连续梁桥为案例,完成了从特征建模到有限元计算的全过程。
本文研究表明,采用融合知识的桥梁特征建模以支持桥梁设计重用,并建立桥梁特征模型与有限元计算程序OpenSees之间的接口,为桥梁设计的知识重用提供了较为完整的解决方案。
The practice shows that bridge design is always completed by drawings lessons from similarly existed projects, and the reuse of the existed drawings and design documents play a significant role for improving design efficiency. However, the use of existed design documents is so complicated and still at the artificial inspection and partial replication stage, that the application is limited. It necessaries to solve both the design and calculation problems of bridge for the adequately reuse of design documents.
Therefore, in order to provide a more completed solution for the reuse of bridge design, the research includes the following four aspects:
Firstly, for providing the feature modeling method, this paper summarizes the feature dependency among the bridge components by researching domestic and overseas CAD software and a large number of standard drawings, it also develops the theory of feature modeling of continuous bridge which is knowledge fusion, and adopts the adjacency list method to build feature model on computer. Secondly, this paper considers the bridge components including reinforcement, prestressed reinforcement and load, and validates the finite element calculating method can be used to analyze bridge components by OpenSees. Thirdly, this paper has developed the interface between the feature modeling of continuous bridge and OpenSees, which provides an effective method for calculation and design of the bridge feature modeling. Finally, this paper has developed feature modeling system of continuous bridge with OpenGL graphics library, C#2.0 programming language and objected-oriented design method, and taken a 3-span 90-meter continuous bridge as an example to make a demonstration from modeling to analyzing by OpenSees.
This research shows that the use of the feature modeling with knowledge fusion which supports the reuse of bridge design, and the development of the interface between the feature modeling and the finite element program of OpenSees, provide a comparatively completed solution for knowledge reuse of bridge design.
鉴于此,以期为桥梁设计重用提供完整的解决方案,本文的研究工作包括如下四个方面:
首先,通过对国内外桥梁CAD软件和大量桥梁通用图纸分析研究的基础上,总结了桥梁构件组成之间的特征依赖关系,提出基于特征的桥梁建模方法,并进一步研究了融合知识的连续梁桥特征建模理论,并采用邻接表法完成了特征模型的计算机描述。其次,综合考虑桥梁构件中钢筋、预应力钢筋和荷载,基于OpenSees研究并验证了包含钢筋的桥梁构件的有限元计算方法。第三,建立了连续梁桥特征建模到OpenSees有限元计算的接口,为桥梁特征建模的设计和计算提供了有效地方法。最后,采用OpenGL图形库、C#2.0编程语言和面向对象程序设计方法进行系统开发,完成了OpenSees可计算的连续梁桥特征建模系统开发;并以某设计院的3跨90m连续梁桥为案例,完成了从特征建模到有限元计算的全过程。
本文研究表明,采用融合知识的桥梁特征建模以支持桥梁设计重用,并建立桥梁特征模型与有限元计算程序OpenSees之间的接口,为桥梁设计的知识重用提供了较为完整的解决方案。
The practice shows that bridge design is always completed by drawings lessons from similarly existed projects, and the reuse of the existed drawings and design documents play a significant role for improving design efficiency. However, the use of existed design documents is so complicated and still at the artificial inspection and partial replication stage, that the application is limited. It necessaries to solve both the design and calculation problems of bridge for the adequately reuse of design documents.
Therefore, in order to provide a more completed solution for the reuse of bridge design, the research includes the following four aspects:
Firstly, for providing the feature modeling method, this paper summarizes the feature dependency among the bridge components by researching domestic and overseas CAD software and a large number of standard drawings, it also develops the theory of feature modeling of continuous bridge which is knowledge fusion, and adopts the adjacency list method to build feature model on computer. Secondly, this paper considers the bridge components including reinforcement, prestressed reinforcement and load, and validates the finite element calculating method can be used to analyze bridge components by OpenSees. Thirdly, this paper has developed the interface between the feature modeling of continuous bridge and OpenSees, which provides an effective method for calculation and design of the bridge feature modeling. Finally, this paper has developed feature modeling system of continuous bridge with OpenGL graphics library, C#2.0 programming language and objected-oriented design method, and taken a 3-span 90-meter continuous bridge as an example to make a demonstration from modeling to analyzing by OpenSees.
This research shows that the use of the feature modeling with knowledge fusion which supports the reuse of bridge design, and the development of the interface between the feature modeling and the finite element program of OpenSees, provide a comparatively completed solution for knowledge reuse of bridge design.
引文
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[4]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院.桥梁设计集成CAD系统BID-Bridge2000[A].郑家庆.公路工程计算机应用论文集,武汉:中国公路学会计算机应用学会《公路勘察设计编辑部》,2000 :29 - 38.
[5]梁鹏.现代桥梁CAD研究与开发[M].西安:长安大学,2001.
[6] Peter Demian, Renate Fruchter. Measuring Relevance in Support of Design Reuse from Archives of Building Product Models[J]. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 2005, 19(2): 119~136.
[7]林杰斌,刘明德,陈湘.数据挖掘与OLAP理论与实务[M].清华大学出版社, 2003.
[8]史忠值.知识发现[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2002.1.
[9]尹周平.面向虚拟原型的产品特征建模和可接近性分析[A]. [博士学位论文].湖北:华中科技大学,2000.6.
[10]霍志璞,黄克正,刘刚,等.基于功能表面分解重构的产品信息模型[J].机械科学与技术, 2002.5, Vol 21.
[11]朱明.数据挖掘[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社, 2002.5, 1-20.
[12] Rafael Bidarrat, Klaas Jan de Kraker, Willern F.Bronsvoort. Representation and management of feature information in a cellular model[J]. Computer-Aided Design, 30(1998)301-313.
[13] Iain M. Boyle, Kevin Rong, David C. Brown. CAFixD: A Case-Based Reasoning Fixture Design Method, Framework and Indexing Mechanisms. [A]. [博士学位论文]. Worcester Polytechnic institute, 2006.5.
[14] Amjad Waheeda, Hojjat Adelib. Case-based reasoning in steel bridge engineering[J]. Knowledge-Based Systems, 2005.18: 37–46.
[15] Young-Hyun Han, Kunwoo Lee. A case-based framework for reuse of previous design conceptsin conceptual synthesis of mechanisms[J]. Computers in Industry 57 (2006) 305–318.
[16] I-Cheng Yeh. Case-Based Approaches for Preliminary Design of Steel Building Frames[J]. Microcomputers in Civil Engineering 12(1997)327-337.
[17]李楚舒,刘西拉.基于事例的设计推理[J].工程设计CAD与智能建筑, 1999 (1): 41 - 43.
[18]王行刚.系统集成服务与系统集成技术[J].计算机应用, 1997.
[19]刘清芝,胡仰栋.面向对象的软件集成技术研究[J].计算机应用研究, 2004.
[20]王书庆.桥梁CAD系统集成技术研究[A] .上海:同济大学, 1998:1-15.
[21]谭慧.中小跨径等截面连续箱梁CAD系统的开发与研究[A].武汉:武汉理工大学, 2002:5-17.
[22]肖汝诚.桥梁结构分析及程序系统[M] .北京:人民交通出版社, 2002:25-35.
[23]周宗泽,易建国,石雪飞,等.可视化桥梁结构设计软件——桥梁博士系统[J].同济大学学报, 1999 ,27(2) :840-846.
[24] S.Sivaloganathan. T.M.M. Shahin. Design Reuse: An overview. Proceedingings of the I MECH E Part B Journal of Engineering Manufacture[J]. Professional Engineering Publishing, 1999,213(7):641-654
[25]曹铭.基于IFC标准的建筑工程信息集成及4D施工管理研究[A].北京:清华大学., 2005:1-25.
[26]拉格茨. RM2006-技术说明书[A]. TDG GmbH股份有限公司, 2006.
[27]张建平,马智亮,任爱珠,等.信息化土木工程设计—Autodesk Civil 3D[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005.
[28]马智亮,秦亮,任强.建筑施工项目信息化管理系统框架[J].土木工程学报, 2006.1,39(1):103-107
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