基于核心能力的企业战略扩张能力研究
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摘要
随着世界经济全球化、一体化进程不断深入发展，企业在面对更多风险的同时，也迎来了快速发展的历史机遇。企业不再满足于自我积累式的发展，实施各种战略扩张计划已成为企业迅速成长的首选途径。但现实生活中“扩张陷阱”的大量存在，又让众多企业陷入进退两难的地步。如何提高企业战略扩张决策的科学性和成功率，是理论研究者和企业家必须共同面对和解决的问题。笔者在这方面进行了一些有益的探索研究工作。
本文首先介绍了研究所面对的实践背景和理论背景，重点关注了国内外战略管理理论、核心能力理论以及企业战略扩张理论的研究现状和发展趋势，并提出了基于核心能力的企业战略扩张能力研究框架，之后在进行了核心能力分析和企业战略扩张分析的基础上，将核心能力理论用来指导企业扩张战略的制定和执行。从核心能力的视角，分析了影响企业战略扩张的因素、企业战略扩张的动因和扩张方式的选择，找到了企业核心能力与战略扩张的相互关系。然后依据核心能力的内涵和特征，找到了组成企业战略扩张潜力的六种基本能力，即市场能力、盈利能力、组织协调能力、文化兼容能力、创新能力和财务能力。在此基础上，首先构建了一个基于核心能力的企业战略扩张潜力评价指标体系，然后再运用粗糙集理论和信息熵理论对指标进行了有效的约简之后，最终形成了一个包含14个二级指标、43个三级指标的评价指标体系。接着，作者根据选取指标的特点，构建了基于核心能力的企业战略扩张潜力模糊灰色综合评价模型，并详细阐述了模型的具体应用方法和步骤。之后将期权博弈理论应用到了企业战略扩张执行力的分析当中，不仅提供了研究战略扩张能力的新视角和思维方式，还预测了期权博弈理论未来在企业扩张能力理论和实践中的广泛应用前景。最后将研究成果应用到实例当中，不仅获得了比较理想的结论，还从更深层次分析了构成企业战略扩张能力的战略扩张潜力的基本能力的情况，并对如何执行企业扩张战略，有针对性的提出了一些有益的建议。
With the deepening development of the globalization and the integration of economy, enterprises must not only face more and more risks, but also meet a historic opportunity for the rapid progress. Enterprises are no longer satisfied with the development style of self-accumulation, and it becomes the preferred way for the enterprises to implement the various strategic expansion plans in order to grow rapidly. However there exist a large number of the traps of expansion in real life, many enterprises have found themselves caught in a dilemma stage. Researchers and entrepreneurs must face and solve the problem together that is how to improve the success rate about strategic expansion and how to make decision-making more scientifically about he plan of expansion. The author have done some useful and exploratory research for this aspect explore.
Firstly, this article has introduced the practice and theory background which the research will face. The author has paid attention using emphasis to the domestic and foreign present situation and the trend of development about some theory, such as strategy management theory, core competencies theory and expansion theory about the enterprise. At the same time, the author proposes the theory about strategic expansion based on the core competencies theory, by which the core competencies theory is connected with the expansion theory. From the angle of view about core competencies, the theory has analyzed the factors influencing enterprise's expansion and the reasons for expansion and the choice for model about expansion, which indicate the relations of enterprise expansion and core competencies. Then based on core competencies' characteristic, the author has found that potential ability to expand strategically is composed of six kinds of basic capabilities ,which are respectively market ability, profit ability, organization coordinated ability, cultural compatible ability, innovation ability and financial ability. Based on this, the author constructs an evaluating indicator system of expansion potential about enterprise based on the core competencies. After being reduced effectively through the rough-set theory and the information entropy theory, there will form an indicator system which includes 14 second-level indicators and 43 third-level indicators finally.
According to the characteristic of the indicator system, this article not only constructs a comprehensive fuzzy-gray evaluation model, but also elaborates concrete application method and the step about model in detail. Then I apply the model in case study, not only obtaining a quite ideal conclusion but also target-oriented proposing some beneficial suggestions, which has demonstrated that the evaluation model and the indicator system have a very good value for application. Finally, I apply the option-gamble theory in the choice of enterprises' expansion strategy and process of the decision-making, which provides the new angle of view and the thinking mode about decision-making of strategic expansion, besides forecasting the widespread application prospect of the option-gamble theory in the future.
本文首先介绍了研究所面对的实践背景和理论背景，重点关注了国内外战略管理理论、核心能力理论以及企业战略扩张理论的研究现状和发展趋势，并提出了基于核心能力的企业战略扩张能力研究框架，之后在进行了核心能力分析和企业战略扩张分析的基础上，将核心能力理论用来指导企业扩张战略的制定和执行。从核心能力的视角，分析了影响企业战略扩张的因素、企业战略扩张的动因和扩张方式的选择，找到了企业核心能力与战略扩张的相互关系。然后依据核心能力的内涵和特征，找到了组成企业战略扩张潜力的六种基本能力，即市场能力、盈利能力、组织协调能力、文化兼容能力、创新能力和财务能力。在此基础上，首先构建了一个基于核心能力的企业战略扩张潜力评价指标体系，然后再运用粗糙集理论和信息熵理论对指标进行了有效的约简之后，最终形成了一个包含14个二级指标、43个三级指标的评价指标体系。接着，作者根据选取指标的特点，构建了基于核心能力的企业战略扩张潜力模糊灰色综合评价模型，并详细阐述了模型的具体应用方法和步骤。之后将期权博弈理论应用到了企业战略扩张执行力的分析当中，不仅提供了研究战略扩张能力的新视角和思维方式，还预测了期权博弈理论未来在企业扩张能力理论和实践中的广泛应用前景。最后将研究成果应用到实例当中，不仅获得了比较理想的结论，还从更深层次分析了构成企业战略扩张能力的战略扩张潜力的基本能力的情况，并对如何执行企业扩张战略，有针对性的提出了一些有益的建议。
With the deepening development of the globalization and the integration of economy, enterprises must not only face more and more risks, but also meet a historic opportunity for the rapid progress. Enterprises are no longer satisfied with the development style of self-accumulation, and it becomes the preferred way for the enterprises to implement the various strategic expansion plans in order to grow rapidly. However there exist a large number of the traps of expansion in real life, many enterprises have found themselves caught in a dilemma stage. Researchers and entrepreneurs must face and solve the problem together that is how to improve the success rate about strategic expansion and how to make decision-making more scientifically about he plan of expansion. The author have done some useful and exploratory research for this aspect explore.
Firstly, this article has introduced the practice and theory background which the research will face. The author has paid attention using emphasis to the domestic and foreign present situation and the trend of development about some theory, such as strategy management theory, core competencies theory and expansion theory about the enterprise. At the same time, the author proposes the theory about strategic expansion based on the core competencies theory, by which the core competencies theory is connected with the expansion theory. From the angle of view about core competencies, the theory has analyzed the factors influencing enterprise's expansion and the reasons for expansion and the choice for model about expansion, which indicate the relations of enterprise expansion and core competencies. Then based on core competencies' characteristic, the author has found that potential ability to expand strategically is composed of six kinds of basic capabilities ,which are respectively market ability, profit ability, organization coordinated ability, cultural compatible ability, innovation ability and financial ability. Based on this, the author constructs an evaluating indicator system of expansion potential about enterprise based on the core competencies. After being reduced effectively through the rough-set theory and the information entropy theory, there will form an indicator system which includes 14 second-level indicators and 43 third-level indicators finally.
According to the characteristic of the indicator system, this article not only constructs a comprehensive fuzzy-gray evaluation model, but also elaborates concrete application method and the step about model in detail. Then I apply the model in case study, not only obtaining a quite ideal conclusion but also target-oriented proposing some beneficial suggestions, which has demonstrated that the evaluation model and the indicator system have a very good value for application. Finally, I apply the option-gamble theory in the choice of enterprises' expansion strategy and process of the decision-making, which provides the new angle of view and the thinking mode about decision-making of strategic expansion, besides forecasting the widespread application prospect of the option-gamble theory in the future.
引文
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