基于碳纳米管的电化学生物传感器的制备与应用研究
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摘要
1991年,Iigima发现了碳纳米管,其独特的结构、力学性能和电学性能使碳纳米管受到众多领域科研人员的青睐。碳纳米管能够有效地促进电子传递,降低电活性物质的工作电势,具有良好的生物兼容性、比表面积大等优良特性,被广泛应用于生物传感器的构建。本文将碳纳米管优越特性与生物大分子识别的高效专一性结合,在碳纳米管的表面固定血红蛋白、葡萄糖氧化酶和漆酶,制备了相应的生物传感器。具体内容如下：
1.比较了长度不同的两种碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合膜修饰电极对血红蛋白的直接电化学以及电催化性能的影响。采用机械球磨的方法把长碳纳米管截短,利用透射电镜和扫描电镜对碳纳米管和碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合材料的形貌进行了表征。用循环伏安法、计时电流法和交流阻抗谱等方法比较研究了吸附在两种碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合膜上的血红蛋白的直接电化学以及对过氧化氢的电催化性能。
2.以多壁碳纳米管为载体固定媒介体ABTS,然后与漆酶一起修饰在电极上,构建了漆酶生物传感器。研究了修饰在多壁碳纳米管上的ABTS的电化学行为、复合膜中漆酶的直接电化学行为以及对氧气的电催化还原作用。讨论了碳纳米管修饰量、pH值及温度等条件对漆酶电极催化性能的影响。
Since their discovery by Iigima in 1991, carbon nanobutes (CNTs) have been received considerable attention in many aspects because of their extraordinary structure, unique mechanical and electrical properties. CNTs can promote electron transfer and lower potential of some electroactive chemicals. Their biocompatibility and large surface area make CNTs ideal candidates for constructing high-performance biosensors. This paper concentrated on the combination of CNTs with biomoleculars to fabricate biosensors. Hemoglobin, glucose oxidase and laccase were immobilized on the surface of CNTs and relevant biosensors were prepared. The details are summarized as follows:
1. Hemoglobin was immobilized on long CNT/chitosan and short CNT/chitosan composite modified electrode, and the direct electron transfer and catalytic property were comparatively studied. Short CNTs were obtained by ball milling. CNTs and CNTs/chitosan composites were characterized by TEM and SEM. Cyclic voltammetry, amperometric i-t cruve and impedance method were used to comparatively study the direct chemistry and catalytic property of Hemoglobin towards H2O2 on the two kinds of composites.
2.Mediator ABTS was absorbed on the surface of CNTs, and a laccase biosensor was developed using chitosan as fixative. The electrochemical behavior of ABTS on multi-walled carbon nanotubes was studied carefully. The direct electron transfer of laccase was realized, and the biosensor was sensitive to oxygen. We optimized several experiment parameters such as the modified amount of ABTS-MWCNTs solution, pH and temperature for the best performance of the laccase biosensor.
1.比较了长度不同的两种碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合膜修饰电极对血红蛋白的直接电化学以及电催化性能的影响。采用机械球磨的方法把长碳纳米管截短,利用透射电镜和扫描电镜对碳纳米管和碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合材料的形貌进行了表征。用循环伏安法、计时电流法和交流阻抗谱等方法比较研究了吸附在两种碳纳米管／壳聚糖复合膜上的血红蛋白的直接电化学以及对过氧化氢的电催化性能。
2.以多壁碳纳米管为载体固定媒介体ABTS,然后与漆酶一起修饰在电极上,构建了漆酶生物传感器。研究了修饰在多壁碳纳米管上的ABTS的电化学行为、复合膜中漆酶的直接电化学行为以及对氧气的电催化还原作用。讨论了碳纳米管修饰量、pH值及温度等条件对漆酶电极催化性能的影响。
Since their discovery by Iigima in 1991, carbon nanobutes (CNTs) have been received considerable attention in many aspects because of their extraordinary structure, unique mechanical and electrical properties. CNTs can promote electron transfer and lower potential of some electroactive chemicals. Their biocompatibility and large surface area make CNTs ideal candidates for constructing high-performance biosensors. This paper concentrated on the combination of CNTs with biomoleculars to fabricate biosensors. Hemoglobin, glucose oxidase and laccase were immobilized on the surface of CNTs and relevant biosensors were prepared. The details are summarized as follows:
1. Hemoglobin was immobilized on long CNT/chitosan and short CNT/chitosan composite modified electrode, and the direct electron transfer and catalytic property were comparatively studied. Short CNTs were obtained by ball milling. CNTs and CNTs/chitosan composites were characterized by TEM and SEM. Cyclic voltammetry, amperometric i-t cruve and impedance method were used to comparatively study the direct chemistry and catalytic property of Hemoglobin towards H2O2 on the two kinds of composites.
2.Mediator ABTS was absorbed on the surface of CNTs, and a laccase biosensor was developed using chitosan as fixative. The electrochemical behavior of ABTS on multi-walled carbon nanotubes was studied carefully. The direct electron transfer of laccase was realized, and the biosensor was sensitive to oxygen. We optimized several experiment parameters such as the modified amount of ABTS-MWCNTs solution, pH and temperature for the best performance of the laccase biosensor.
引文
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[8]朱宏伟,慈立志,梁吉,等.浮游催化法半连续制取碳纳米管的研究[J].新型碳材料,2000,15(1)：48-51
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[16]Wen J., Zhou L., Jin L., Cao X., Ye B.C. Overoxidized polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite modified electrode for in vivo liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection of dopamine[J]. J. Chromatogr. B,2009,877(20-21): 1793-1798
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[21]Robertson J. Diamond-like amorphous carbon[J]. Mater. Sci. Eng., R.,2002,37(4-6): 129-281
[22]Isono Y, Namazu T., Terayama N. Development of AFM tensile test technique for evaluating mechanical properties of sub-micron thick DLC films[J]. J. Microelectromech. Syst.,2006,15(1):169-180
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