大型变压器场路耦合三维瞬态涡流场和绕组短路强度的研究
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摘要
本文结合“大型变压器三维瞬态涡流场和线圈短路强度的研究”课题和“变压器运行及事故工况仿真技术研究”课题,在总结有关文献的基础上,对大型变压器的瞬态涡流场和绕组短路强度问题进行了深入的研究,取得了一些具有理论意义与工程实际价值的成果,开发了工程实用的计算软件,为提高变压器绕组的抗短路能力提供了参考依据。
全文主要包括三部分内容。第一部分对三维瞬态涡流场的场路耦合问题进行研究,考虑三相变压器绕组的不同联结方式及不对称负载,建立基于T-T_0-Ω法的变压器在运行及事故工况下的三维瞬态涡流场场路耦合模型。应用建立的模型对变压器在电网电压及电网络参数约束下的多种复杂事故工况进行计算、分析,研究变压器的短路电流变化和磁场分布规律,考虑螺旋绕组的结构特点,用近似方法计算其漏磁场。
第二部分对变压器绕组的短路强度问题进行研究。计算变压器在突发短路情况下绕组的轴向振动,分析绕组磁中心不重合对磁场、绕组短路力及绕组轴向振动的影响;用大位移非线性理论计算变压器绕组的辐向稳定性,分析垫块数等因素对绕组稳定性的影响;用梁单元、杆单元建立螺旋绕组整体稳定性的力学模型,计算绕组整体的稳定性;建立变压器绕组动态强度的模型,并进行计算分析。根据分析结果,提出一些保证绕组短路强度的措施,为变压器绕组设计提供参考依据。
第三部分对电磁场有限元后处理技术进行了研究,针对变压器电磁场有限元数值计算的特点,给出了变压器三维有限元网格的快速、高质量消隐显示方法。
在上述研究的基础上,开发了基于Windows平台、具有良好的前后处理功能,可用于分析各电压等级、容量及多种结构的大型变压器在运行及事故工况下的三维瞬态涡流场和绕组短路强度的计算软件。
The thesis is based on the item of "Research on 3D Transient Eddy Current Fields and Short-circuit Strength of Coils in large Transformers" and the item of "Research on Simulation Techniques of Transformers under Operation and Fault Conditions". After summarizing relevant literatures, transient eddy current fields in large transformers and winding short-circuit strength are studied deeply. A few achievements with values on theory and engineering have been gained and a software package practical in engineering is developed. Referential rules are provided to improve abilities for transformer windings to withstand short-circuit.The thesis consists of three parts. In the first part, the field-circuit coupled problem of 3D eddy current field is studied. Taking different winding connection manners and asymmetric loads into account, the T-T_0-Ω field-circuit coupled model of 3D transient eddy current field for transformers under operation and fault conditions is established. By using the transformer model established, various fault processes under the constraints of network voltage and parameters are calculated and analyzed. Regularities of short-circuit current variation and magnetic field distribution in transformers are studied. Leakage field of a spiral winding is calculated by approximation method considering its special structure.In the second part, short-circuit strengths of transformer windings are studied. Axial vibrations of transformer windings under sudden short-circuit condition are calculated and the effects of misalign between winding magnetic centers on magnetic field, winding short-circuit force and axial vibration of windings. Large deformation, nonlinear theory is used in the calculation of radial stability of transformer windings. The effects of factors as number of spacer block, etc. on winding stability are analyzed. The stability model of an entire spiral winding is established by using beam elements and rod elements, and stability of the entire winding is calculated. The dynamic strength model of a transformer winding is established and is used in calculating and analyzing. According to analyzing results, a few measures are given to ensure short-circuit strength of windings and referential rules are provided for design of transformer windings.In the third part, postprocessing techniques of finite element for electromagnetic field are studied. Aiming to features of finite element for electromagnetic field of transformers , a fast and
high-grade hidden line removal and displaying method for 3D finite element meshes of transformers is given. .Based on above studies, a software package is developed which can be use to analyze 3D transient eddy current field and winding short-circuit strength for transformers of various voltage classes, capabilities and kinds of structures under operation and fault conditions. The software package is based on windows platform and has good pre and post processing functions.
全文主要包括三部分内容。第一部分对三维瞬态涡流场的场路耦合问题进行研究,考虑三相变压器绕组的不同联结方式及不对称负载,建立基于T-T_0-Ω法的变压器在运行及事故工况下的三维瞬态涡流场场路耦合模型。应用建立的模型对变压器在电网电压及电网络参数约束下的多种复杂事故工况进行计算、分析,研究变压器的短路电流变化和磁场分布规律,考虑螺旋绕组的结构特点,用近似方法计算其漏磁场。
第二部分对变压器绕组的短路强度问题进行研究。计算变压器在突发短路情况下绕组的轴向振动,分析绕组磁中心不重合对磁场、绕组短路力及绕组轴向振动的影响;用大位移非线性理论计算变压器绕组的辐向稳定性,分析垫块数等因素对绕组稳定性的影响;用梁单元、杆单元建立螺旋绕组整体稳定性的力学模型,计算绕组整体的稳定性;建立变压器绕组动态强度的模型,并进行计算分析。根据分析结果,提出一些保证绕组短路强度的措施,为变压器绕组设计提供参考依据。
第三部分对电磁场有限元后处理技术进行了研究,针对变压器电磁场有限元数值计算的特点,给出了变压器三维有限元网格的快速、高质量消隐显示方法。
在上述研究的基础上,开发了基于Windows平台、具有良好的前后处理功能,可用于分析各电压等级、容量及多种结构的大型变压器在运行及事故工况下的三维瞬态涡流场和绕组短路强度的计算软件。
The thesis is based on the item of "Research on 3D Transient Eddy Current Fields and Short-circuit Strength of Coils in large Transformers" and the item of "Research on Simulation Techniques of Transformers under Operation and Fault Conditions". After summarizing relevant literatures, transient eddy current fields in large transformers and winding short-circuit strength are studied deeply. A few achievements with values on theory and engineering have been gained and a software package practical in engineering is developed. Referential rules are provided to improve abilities for transformer windings to withstand short-circuit.The thesis consists of three parts. In the first part, the field-circuit coupled problem of 3D eddy current field is studied. Taking different winding connection manners and asymmetric loads into account, the T-T_0-Ω field-circuit coupled model of 3D transient eddy current field for transformers under operation and fault conditions is established. By using the transformer model established, various fault processes under the constraints of network voltage and parameters are calculated and analyzed. Regularities of short-circuit current variation and magnetic field distribution in transformers are studied. Leakage field of a spiral winding is calculated by approximation method considering its special structure.In the second part, short-circuit strengths of transformer windings are studied. Axial vibrations of transformer windings under sudden short-circuit condition are calculated and the effects of misalign between winding magnetic centers on magnetic field, winding short-circuit force and axial vibration of windings. Large deformation, nonlinear theory is used in the calculation of radial stability of transformer windings. The effects of factors as number of spacer block, etc. on winding stability are analyzed. The stability model of an entire spiral winding is established by using beam elements and rod elements, and stability of the entire winding is calculated. The dynamic strength model of a transformer winding is established and is used in calculating and analyzing. According to analyzing results, a few measures are given to ensure short-circuit strength of windings and referential rules are provided for design of transformer windings.In the third part, postprocessing techniques of finite element for electromagnetic field are studied. Aiming to features of finite element for electromagnetic field of transformers , a fast and
high-grade hidden line removal and displaying method for 3D finite element meshes of transformers is given. .Based on above studies, a software package is developed which can be use to analyze 3D transient eddy current field and winding short-circuit strength for transformers of various voltage classes, capabilities and kinds of structures under operation and fault conditions. The software package is based on windows platform and has good pre and post processing functions.
引文
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