电感耦合等离子体质谱法在勘查地球化学样品分析中的应用研究
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摘要
采用国家地球一级标准物质,制备成相应浓度的标准溶液,对ICP-MS仪器的测定参数:雾化气流速、射频功率、辅助气流速、采样深度等进行系统研究。确定了仪器的最佳测定条件。确立了用HF-HNO_3分解样品,50%HNO_3提取,ICP-MS直接同时测定不同性质地球化学样品中As等18种微量、痕量元素。文中讨论了质谱干扰和空白影响及其消除的有关问题。方法测定限(6s)为:0.01~6.41μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:2.84~9.36%。用国家一级标准物质进行验证,测定值与标准值相吻合,结果满足要求。
     采用HF-HNO_3-HClO_4分解样品,王水提取,~(103)Rh为内标元素,建立了ICP-MS法直接同时测定地球化学样品中痕量Ga、In、Tl的方法。在对ICP-MS的测定条件进行最优化研究基础上,考察了内标元素对测定结果的校正作用和主量元素的可溶性固形物总量(TDS)对基体效应大小的影响。建立了元素同量异位素质谱干扰的校正方法,显著提高了测定In的准确度。方法测定限(6s)Ga、In、Tl分别为:0.059μg/g、0.002μg/g、0.004μg/g。方法精密度(RSD%,n=12)为2.97~5.33%。用国家一级标准物质进行验证,测定值与标准值相
    
    吻合,其方法具有检出限低,精密度高,准确度好,分析速度快的
    特点,满足国土资源大调查对样品分析的要求。
     在对国内近+年关于测定Re的文献进行综述的基础上,提出了
    解决应用ICP一MS法测定地球化学样品中超痕量Re的思路。对
    ICP一MS法测定Re的可行性进行了讨论,研究了半碱熔法分解样品
    的熔剂、熔样温度和时间等工作条件,方法测定限达到0.4n岁g,对
    研究工作存在的问题进行了总结及分析。
Using national geochemistry standard reference materials to prepare standard solution, which was used to obtain optimum determination parameters of ICP-MS such as nebulize gas, auxiliary gas, RF power and sampling depth. A method that decomposing samples with HF-HNO3 and extracting with 50% HNO3 for directly determining eighteen elements in different characteristic geochemistry samples by ICP-MS was developed. Interference of mass spectrometry and influence of blank were also discussed. The detection limits of this method were 0.01~ 6.41jig/g (6s). The precision were 2.84-9.36% (RSD%, n=12). The analytical results were in good agreement with the certified values.
    Decomposing samples with HF-HNO3-HC1O4, using 103Rh for internal standard, a method for directly determining gallium, indium and thallium in geochemistry samples by ICP-MS was developed. With the optimum parameters of ICP-MS, studied the results of internal standard
    
    
    
    rectification and TDS of major elements for matrix effect. The method that corrected the isobaric interference of masses was obtained. The detection limits of the method (6s) for gallium, indium and thallium were 0.059 g/g, 0.002g/g, 0.004 g/g. The precision (RSD%,n=12) were 2.97 ~ 5.33%. The analytical results of national standard reference materials by this method agreed well with the certified values.
    With the summarizing of articles determining Re present 10 years in China, putted forward the thinking of how to solve the problem determining super-trace Re in geochemistry samples. Discussed possibility of determining Re by ICP-MS. Studied fluxes, temperature and time in the course of decomposing samples. The detection limits of the method for Re was 0.4ng/g. Summed up major problems of the work and analyzed them.
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