基于网络的中小学教育软件的研究与设计
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摘要
随着计算机和网络技术在社会上的广泛应用,兴起了一种全新的远程教学模式——网络教育,它将课堂扩展到网络上,极大地改变了传统教学的形式和观念,为中小学的教育和教学带来了无限生机。要实现网络教育教学,则就需要通过相应的网络型教育软件加以配合和实施,因此,研究、设计和开发各种各样的网络型教育软件是目前普及网络教育的重要途径。
相对于传统的单机版教学软件,设计和开发基于网络的教育软件就显得非常复杂,这主要体现在设计思想和开发技术的复杂性上。基于网络的教育软件的开发技术也随着网络技术的迅速发展而变得非常复杂。由最早的静态网络开发技术到动态网络开发技术、信息推送技术、流媒体技术、智能代理技术,而传统的的虚拟现实技术、组件技术、数据挖掘技术也被大量地应用到了网络教育软件的开发上。同时,以这些技术为基础的开发工具也越来越多、越来越复杂。
本文首先介绍了网络教育软件的研究背景、现状和应用前景;再阐述了网络型教育软件的概念、特点和基本功能,接着从多方面与单机版教育软件进行了比较,对目前流行的网络型教育软件进行了详细的分类和介绍;然后充分研究和叙述与网络型教育软件设计开发相关的网络教学理论;研究了基于网络教学的基本理论,阐明网络学与教对网络型教育软件设计的指导作用,并对网络教学的模式进行了分类,从两个方面说明网络型教育软件对学习的作用;详细介绍了网络型教育软件设计与开发的原理和阶段,并且给出了一个具体的开发和设计实例;最后对全文进行了总结,对新的发展进行了展望,并对存在的问题进行了分析和说明。
With the intensive application of computer and internet technology in society,a all-new model of distance teaching—internet education appears which brings the class onto the internet,greatly changes the ways and ideas of traditional teaching,and gives the limitless energy to the education and teaching in middle and primary school. To realize the Internet education and teaching,it needs the co-operation and implement of corresponding internet-type educational software.Thus,the important way to popularize the internet education is to research,design and develop various kinds of internet-type educational softwares
Compared with the educational softwares used in the single computer unconnected with another,it's more complicated to design and develop internet-type educational softwares because of the complex of the ideas on design and the develop technology.The develop technology of educational software based on internet is becoming very complicated with the rapid development of internet technology-from the earliest static state internet develop technology to the dynamic internet develop technology,information transit technology,flow media technology and agent technology.Meanwhile,the traditional fictions-reality technology,discreteness technology,data-develop technology are more applied to de development of internet-type educational software.At the same time,there are more and more develop tools based on these technologies are becoming more and more complicated.
The thesis firstly introduces the backgrounds,present situation and prospect of apply of internet-type educational software,then elaborates the concept,feature and basic function of internet-type educational software,next compares with educational softwares used in the single computer unconnected with another in various aspects, classifies and introduces the popular internet-type educational software in details, then fully studies and demonstrates the relevant interact teaching theories of the design and development of internet-type educational software,has a research on the theories built upon the internet teaching to prove the internet teaching has a effect on the design of internet-type educational software,categories the module of internet teaching,illustrates from two aspects the effect of internet-type educational software to the study,finally has a conclusion makes expectation to the future and analysis the existed problems.
相对于传统的单机版教学软件,设计和开发基于网络的教育软件就显得非常复杂,这主要体现在设计思想和开发技术的复杂性上。基于网络的教育软件的开发技术也随着网络技术的迅速发展而变得非常复杂。由最早的静态网络开发技术到动态网络开发技术、信息推送技术、流媒体技术、智能代理技术,而传统的的虚拟现实技术、组件技术、数据挖掘技术也被大量地应用到了网络教育软件的开发上。同时,以这些技术为基础的开发工具也越来越多、越来越复杂。
本文首先介绍了网络教育软件的研究背景、现状和应用前景;再阐述了网络型教育软件的概念、特点和基本功能,接着从多方面与单机版教育软件进行了比较,对目前流行的网络型教育软件进行了详细的分类和介绍;然后充分研究和叙述与网络型教育软件设计开发相关的网络教学理论;研究了基于网络教学的基本理论,阐明网络学与教对网络型教育软件设计的指导作用,并对网络教学的模式进行了分类,从两个方面说明网络型教育软件对学习的作用;详细介绍了网络型教育软件设计与开发的原理和阶段,并且给出了一个具体的开发和设计实例;最后对全文进行了总结,对新的发展进行了展望,并对存在的问题进行了分析和说明。
With the intensive application of computer and internet technology in society,a all-new model of distance teaching—internet education appears which brings the class onto the internet,greatly changes the ways and ideas of traditional teaching,and gives the limitless energy to the education and teaching in middle and primary school. To realize the Internet education and teaching,it needs the co-operation and implement of corresponding internet-type educational software.Thus,the important way to popularize the internet education is to research,design and develop various kinds of internet-type educational softwares
Compared with the educational softwares used in the single computer unconnected with another,it's more complicated to design and develop internet-type educational softwares because of the complex of the ideas on design and the develop technology.The develop technology of educational software based on internet is becoming very complicated with the rapid development of internet technology-from the earliest static state internet develop technology to the dynamic internet develop technology,information transit technology,flow media technology and agent technology.Meanwhile,the traditional fictions-reality technology,discreteness technology,data-develop technology are more applied to de development of internet-type educational software.At the same time,there are more and more develop tools based on these technologies are becoming more and more complicated.
The thesis firstly introduces the backgrounds,present situation and prospect of apply of internet-type educational software,then elaborates the concept,feature and basic function of internet-type educational software,next compares with educational softwares used in the single computer unconnected with another in various aspects, classifies and introduces the popular internet-type educational software in details, then fully studies and demonstrates the relevant interact teaching theories of the design and development of internet-type educational software,has a research on the theories built upon the internet teaching to prove the internet teaching has a effect on the design of internet-type educational software,categories the module of internet teaching,illustrates from two aspects the effect of internet-type educational software to the study,finally has a conclusion makes expectation to the future and analysis the existed problems.
引文
[1]文福安.网络教育产业发展.北京邮电大学学报(社会科学版),2007(4):4-5
[2]刘毓敏,杨晓宏.网络教育软件设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.20-65
[3]张军征.多媒体教学软件设计原理与方法.北京:科学出版社,2007.1-85
[4]詹发荣.基于远程网络的教育软件设计.宁夏科技,2002(3):22-23
[5]史济民.软件工程--原理、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2002.7-70
[6]王道俊,王汉澜.教育学.北京:人民教育出版社,1999
[7]施良方,崔允郭.教学理论:课堂教学的原理、策略与研究.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003
[8]袁立新.教育软件的交互研究.潍坊教育学院学报,2006(9):11-13
[9]王希胜.赢在中国:教育软件市场潜力巨大.科技信息,2006(8):9-11
[10]焦启民,李文华.多媒体智能教育软件的开发流程及其螺旋模型.湖北教育学院学报,2006(2):33-35
[11]蔡铁权,王丽华等.现代教育技术教程(第二版).北京:科学出版社,2006
[12]徐迎,高亚明,王占录.落实“学为主体”教育理念的网络课程设计研究.中国大学教学,2005(12):30-31
[13]吴伟敏,许隶华.远程教育软件的质量保证.福建电脑,2003(10):10-11
[14]南国农.信息化教育概论.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[15]柳楠.浅谈基于J2EE技术的网络课件开发研究.潍坊学院学报,2005(11):41-43
[16]梁建.网络教育的发展和思考.中国教育学刊,2001(1):3-4
[17]黄荣怀,张进宝,董艳.论网络教学过程的四个关键.中国电化教育,2003.1
[18]乌美娜.教学设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2004.10-15
[19]李龙.教学过程设计的理论与实践.中国电化教育,1999(4):22-24
[20]王逢贤.学与教的原理.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.112-120
[21]程智庭.网络教育基础.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[22]邵瑞珍.教育心理学.上海:上海教育出版社,1997
[23]皮连生.学与教的心理学.上海:华东师范大学出版社,1997
[24]祝智庭.网络教育应用教程.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
[25]陈海林.网络课程设计与案例赏析.北京:清华大学出版社,2005.10-37
[26]赵经成.网络教学课件制作.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.22-41
[27]孙圆媛,石映辉.人性化与智能化--教育软件的未来.中国教育技术装备,2006(8):5-6
[28]何克抗.教学系统设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[2]刘毓敏,杨晓宏.网络教育软件设计和开发.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.20-65
[3]张军征.多媒体教学软件设计原理与方法.北京:科学出版社,2007.1-85
[4]詹发荣.基于远程网络的教育软件设计.宁夏科技,2002(3):22-23
[5]史济民.软件工程--原理、方法与应用.北京:高等教育出版社,2002.7-70
[6]王道俊,王汉澜.教育学.北京:人民教育出版社,1999
[7]施良方,崔允郭.教学理论:课堂教学的原理、策略与研究.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2003
[8]袁立新.教育软件的交互研究.潍坊教育学院学报,2006(9):11-13
[9]王希胜.赢在中国:教育软件市场潜力巨大.科技信息,2006(8):9-11
[10]焦启民,李文华.多媒体智能教育软件的开发流程及其螺旋模型.湖北教育学院学报,2006(2):33-35
[11]蔡铁权,王丽华等.现代教育技术教程(第二版).北京:科学出版社,2006
[12]徐迎,高亚明,王占录.落实“学为主体”教育理念的网络课程设计研究.中国大学教学,2005(12):30-31
[13]吴伟敏,许隶华.远程教育软件的质量保证.福建电脑,2003(10):10-11
[14]南国农.信息化教育概论.北京:高等教育出版社,2004
[15]柳楠.浅谈基于J2EE技术的网络课件开发研究.潍坊学院学报,2005(11):41-43
[16]梁建.网络教育的发展和思考.中国教育学刊,2001(1):3-4
[17]黄荣怀,张进宝,董艳.论网络教学过程的四个关键.中国电化教育,2003.1
[18]乌美娜.教学设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2004.10-15
[19]李龙.教学过程设计的理论与实践.中国电化教育,1999(4):22-24
[20]王逢贤.学与教的原理.北京:高等教育出版社,2000.112-120
[21]程智庭.网络教育基础.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002
[22]邵瑞珍.教育心理学.上海:上海教育出版社,1997
[23]皮连生.学与教的心理学.上海:华东师范大学出版社,1997
[24]祝智庭.网络教育应用教程.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2001
[25]陈海林.网络课程设计与案例赏析.北京:清华大学出版社,2005.10-37
[26]赵经成.网络教学课件制作.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.22-41
[27]孙圆媛,石映辉.人性化与智能化--教育软件的未来.中国教育技术装备,2006(8):5-6
[28]何克抗.教学系统设计.北京:高等教育出版社,2006