陕南古镇的保护与发展研究
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摘要
我国历史文化悠久,幅员辽阔,在漫长的历史变迁中遗留下了数目众多的古镇。这些古镇真实的记录了我国不同地域、不同民族以及不同文化演变和融合的过程,是我国历史文化遗产重要的组成部分。近年来我国已经逐渐认识到了古镇保护的重要性,而陕南由于地理交通、经济等因素,古镇保存较为完好,因此对陕南古镇进行保护与发展的研究显得尤为重要。
本文在总结国内外研究的基础上,以陕南地区三市的10个古镇为研究对象,借助AHP软件,构建陕南古镇价值评价指标体系,对每个古镇进行打分、分级,然后按级别对陕南古镇提出保护措施与发展方向,以期促进陕南城镇与城镇体系的良性发展。主要结论有：
(1)构建适合陕南古镇的评价系统。古镇由物质层面与非物质层面两个方面构成,同时,政府对古镇实行的保护与发展的措施也是影响古镇存在和发展的重要因素。因此,陕南古镇的评价系统由物质文化遗产指标、非物质文化遗产指标以及保护措施评价指标三部分组成。本文通过AHP方法(层次分析法)对古镇的指标体系进行分层解构,并计算出每一个评价指标所占的比重,从而构建适合陕南古镇的评价系统。
(2)通过对陕南古镇保护现状与开发现状的分析,按本文所构建的价值评价系统为陕南的10个古镇进行打分,并按照分值将其分为三个等级。在此基础上对陕南古镇进行SWOT分析,为其将来的发展方向与保护措施打好基础,并以期其带动陕南城镇体系的和谐发展。
(3)制定陕南古镇发展的原则与目标,在这些原则与目标下研究陕南各类古镇保护的措施与发展方向。
As a country of long history, glorious culture and vast territory, China has got a large number of ancient towns left behind by the elapsing years. These ancient towns which truly record the evolution and the fusion process of different regions, different nation as well as the different culture of this country, are an essential part of our history and culture heritage. In recent years, the importance and significance of protection to these ancient towns have been realized, and in Southern Shaanxi Province, attribute to the isolated geographical position and transportation, and under-developed economy, the ancient towns preservation is comparably in good condition, therefore it appears to be especially important to carry on the protection and the development research to the ancient towns in this area.
Based on the summaries of related domestic and foreign research, this article focuses on 10 ancient towns in Southern Shanxi. With the aid of AHP, it constructs the evaluating indicator system, grades and classifies each ancient town, and then proposes different protective measures and development direction according to the ranks, in the hope of coordinating and promoting the development of the regional city system so as to bring the ancient town to a fully play. The main conclusions include:
(1) Constructed the Southern Shanxi ancient towns'evaluation system. The ancient town is composed of the material part and non-material part, and the protection measures government carries on also affect the ancient towns'development. Therefore, the evaluation system is composed by the material cultural heritage target, the non-material cultural heritage target and the protective measures evaluating indicators. This article carried on the lamination deconstruction to the ancient town indicator system through the AHP(analytic hierarchy process) method to calculate the proportion each evaluating indicator occupied, thus to construct suitable for the Southern Shanxi ancient towns'evaluation system.
(2) Through analyzing present protection and the development situation of the Southern Shanxi ancient towns, the evaluation system constructed in this paper grades 10 ancient towns and classifies them into three ranks according to the former grade. Then the SWOT analysis is carried on based on the classification to build a good foundation for its future development direction and the protective measures.
(3) This paper also formulates the Southern Shanxi ancient town development principle and the targets, under the guide of which the protection measures and the development direction for various kind of ancient town are studied.
本文在总结国内外研究的基础上,以陕南地区三市的10个古镇为研究对象,借助AHP软件,构建陕南古镇价值评价指标体系,对每个古镇进行打分、分级,然后按级别对陕南古镇提出保护措施与发展方向,以期促进陕南城镇与城镇体系的良性发展。主要结论有：
(1)构建适合陕南古镇的评价系统。古镇由物质层面与非物质层面两个方面构成,同时,政府对古镇实行的保护与发展的措施也是影响古镇存在和发展的重要因素。因此,陕南古镇的评价系统由物质文化遗产指标、非物质文化遗产指标以及保护措施评价指标三部分组成。本文通过AHP方法(层次分析法)对古镇的指标体系进行分层解构,并计算出每一个评价指标所占的比重,从而构建适合陕南古镇的评价系统。
(2)通过对陕南古镇保护现状与开发现状的分析,按本文所构建的价值评价系统为陕南的10个古镇进行打分,并按照分值将其分为三个等级。在此基础上对陕南古镇进行SWOT分析,为其将来的发展方向与保护措施打好基础,并以期其带动陕南城镇体系的和谐发展。
(3)制定陕南古镇发展的原则与目标,在这些原则与目标下研究陕南各类古镇保护的措施与发展方向。
As a country of long history, glorious culture and vast territory, China has got a large number of ancient towns left behind by the elapsing years. These ancient towns which truly record the evolution and the fusion process of different regions, different nation as well as the different culture of this country, are an essential part of our history and culture heritage. In recent years, the importance and significance of protection to these ancient towns have been realized, and in Southern Shaanxi Province, attribute to the isolated geographical position and transportation, and under-developed economy, the ancient towns preservation is comparably in good condition, therefore it appears to be especially important to carry on the protection and the development research to the ancient towns in this area.
Based on the summaries of related domestic and foreign research, this article focuses on 10 ancient towns in Southern Shanxi. With the aid of AHP, it constructs the evaluating indicator system, grades and classifies each ancient town, and then proposes different protective measures and development direction according to the ranks, in the hope of coordinating and promoting the development of the regional city system so as to bring the ancient town to a fully play. The main conclusions include:
(1) Constructed the Southern Shanxi ancient towns'evaluation system. The ancient town is composed of the material part and non-material part, and the protection measures government carries on also affect the ancient towns'development. Therefore, the evaluation system is composed by the material cultural heritage target, the non-material cultural heritage target and the protective measures evaluating indicators. This article carried on the lamination deconstruction to the ancient town indicator system through the AHP(analytic hierarchy process) method to calculate the proportion each evaluating indicator occupied, thus to construct suitable for the Southern Shanxi ancient towns'evaluation system.
(2) Through analyzing present protection and the development situation of the Southern Shanxi ancient towns, the evaluation system constructed in this paper grades 10 ancient towns and classifies them into three ranks according to the former grade. Then the SWOT analysis is carried on based on the classification to build a good foundation for its future development direction and the protective measures.
(3) This paper also formulates the Southern Shanxi ancient town development principle and the targets, under the guide of which the protection measures and the development direction for various kind of ancient town are studied.
引文
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[23]张继钢.浅谈城市规划中的公众参与.城市规划.2000.7.
[24]吕舟.面向新世纪的中国文化遗产保护.[J].建筑学报.2001.3
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