渤海海盆地文安斜坡上古生界成藏史数值模拟
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摘要
本文综合利用钻井、测井、地震等资料，应用盆地模拟技术，结合流体包裹体测温、包裹体拉曼光谱成分分析及自生伊利石测年等先进方法，对渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷文安斜坡石炭—二叠系的埋藏史、地热史、生排烃史和成藏演化史进行了数值模拟。
研究表明，本区石炭—二叠纪烃源岩在中生代发生一次生烃和排烃，并有油气充注，后因燕山运动导致地层抬升，一次生烃和成藏过程中止；在早第三纪，原来东倾的地层变为西倾，断块圈闭开始具雏形；至早第三纪沙二末期，石炭—二叠系的大部分地层古地温再次超过中生代一次生烃的温度，开始二次生烃和排烃，圈闭持续发育；晚第三纪末—第四纪，二次生烃、排烃达到高峰，二次成藏完成。沙三期火成岩较大范围的侵入石炭—二叠系，对生烃和成藏具有积极意义，通过计算得出火成岩对生烃的贡献为62.4％。
本文首次在文安斜坡应用成藏年代学精确地测得了以石炭—二叠纪煤系为源岩的油气藏成藏年龄为108.274±1.57Ma；进一步完善了盆地模拟软件，首次定量地模拟计算了火成岩侵入对生烃的贡献这一技术难题，在这一方向上我们作了大胆的尝试。
By comprehensively applying the data of logging, drilling and seismic data, and depending on basin-modeling technology, and synchronously, integrating fluid inclusion homogenization, Raman spectrum ingredient assay and autogeny illite Age-determining technique, we had the numeric modeling of Carboniferous-Permian coal measure, including burial history, terrestrial heat history, hydrocarbon-generating and hydrocarbon-expulsing history and reservoir-forming history, at the Wenan Slope of Jizhong Depression, in the Bohaiwan Basin.
Through research, The organic matter of source rocks in Carboniferous-Permian coal measure strata began first hydrocarbon-generating in mesozoic, and the first hydrocarbon-filling took place. But, because of Yanshan movement later, the Carboniferous-Permian strata rose, as a result, the first hydrocarbon-generating and reservoir-forming paused; In early Tertiary period, because Carboniferous-Permian strata dipping forward east originally turned into dipping forward west, the prototype of faulted block began to form gradually; By the end of Sha-3 period of early Tertiary, the paleogeotherm of Carboniferous-Permian strata exceed the Mesozoic's temperature again, and accordingly, abundant hydrocarbon was generated and expulsed secondly. The trap continued to develop; from the end of late Tertiary to Quaternary, the second hydrocarbon-generating and expulsing got to its peak, and the second reservoir-forming was over. In the period of Sha-3 Formation, Volcanic cocks invaded into Carboniferous-Permian strata in a large scale, which can bring positive effect on hydrocarbon generating and reservoir-forming. Through modeling and calculation, we have figured out that contribution to hydrocarbon-generating caused by volcanic rocks' invasion is 62.4 percent.
In my article, we first have made a conclusion by reservoir-forming chronology that the forming-age of reservoir is 108.27 ?.57Ma, of which, the source rock came from Carboniferous-Permian strata; We have perfected our Basin-modeling software, so it can calculate quantificationally the contribution radio to hydrocarbon-generating caused by igneous intrusion as a technical problem, in which we have a daring trail.
研究表明，本区石炭—二叠纪烃源岩在中生代发生一次生烃和排烃，并有油气充注，后因燕山运动导致地层抬升，一次生烃和成藏过程中止；在早第三纪，原来东倾的地层变为西倾，断块圈闭开始具雏形；至早第三纪沙二末期，石炭—二叠系的大部分地层古地温再次超过中生代一次生烃的温度，开始二次生烃和排烃，圈闭持续发育；晚第三纪末—第四纪，二次生烃、排烃达到高峰，二次成藏完成。沙三期火成岩较大范围的侵入石炭—二叠系，对生烃和成藏具有积极意义，通过计算得出火成岩对生烃的贡献为62.4％。
本文首次在文安斜坡应用成藏年代学精确地测得了以石炭—二叠纪煤系为源岩的油气藏成藏年龄为108.274±1.57Ma；进一步完善了盆地模拟软件，首次定量地模拟计算了火成岩侵入对生烃的贡献这一技术难题，在这一方向上我们作了大胆的尝试。
By comprehensively applying the data of logging, drilling and seismic data, and depending on basin-modeling technology, and synchronously, integrating fluid inclusion homogenization, Raman spectrum ingredient assay and autogeny illite Age-determining technique, we had the numeric modeling of Carboniferous-Permian coal measure, including burial history, terrestrial heat history, hydrocarbon-generating and hydrocarbon-expulsing history and reservoir-forming history, at the Wenan Slope of Jizhong Depression, in the Bohaiwan Basin.
Through research, The organic matter of source rocks in Carboniferous-Permian coal measure strata began first hydrocarbon-generating in mesozoic, and the first hydrocarbon-filling took place. But, because of Yanshan movement later, the Carboniferous-Permian strata rose, as a result, the first hydrocarbon-generating and reservoir-forming paused; In early Tertiary period, because Carboniferous-Permian strata dipping forward east originally turned into dipping forward west, the prototype of faulted block began to form gradually; By the end of Sha-3 period of early Tertiary, the paleogeotherm of Carboniferous-Permian strata exceed the Mesozoic's temperature again, and accordingly, abundant hydrocarbon was generated and expulsed secondly. The trap continued to develop; from the end of late Tertiary to Quaternary, the second hydrocarbon-generating and expulsing got to its peak, and the second reservoir-forming was over. In the period of Sha-3 Formation, Volcanic cocks invaded into Carboniferous-Permian strata in a large scale, which can bring positive effect on hydrocarbon generating and reservoir-forming. Through modeling and calculation, we have figured out that contribution to hydrocarbon-generating caused by volcanic rocks' invasion is 62.4 percent.
In my article, we first have made a conclusion by reservoir-forming chronology that the forming-age of reservoir is 108.27 ?.57Ma, of which, the source rock came from Carboniferous-Permian strata; We have perfected our Basin-modeling software, so it can calculate quantificationally the contribution radio to hydrocarbon-generating caused by igneous intrusion as a technical problem, in which we have a daring trail.
引文
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[2] 孟元林等．盆地模拟在油气田勘探初期阶段的应用．天然气工业，1994，14(4)：6-9
[3] 石广仁．油气盆地数值模拟方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：12-20
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[5] 石广仁．油气盆地数值模拟方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：27
[6] Ungerer,B.P., J.Burrus, B.Doligez, P.Y.Chenet, and F.Bessis. Basin evaluation by integrated two-dimensional modeling of heat transfer, fliud flow, hydrocarbon generation, and migration. AAPG Bull, 1990,74:309-335
[7] 孟元林，吕延防等．地温史和有机质成岩史的一维模拟．大庆石油学院学报，1989，13(2)：1-6
[8] Waples,D.W.. The art of maturity modeling. AAPG Bull, 1992, 76(2):31-46
[9] Sweeny,J.J, and Burham,A.K.. Evaluation of a simple model of vitrinite reflectance based on chemical kinetics. AAPG Bull, 1990,74:1559-1570
[10] Welte,D.H., and M.A.Yukler. Petroleum origion and accumulation in basin evolufion-A quantitative model. AAPG Bull, 1981,65:1387-1396
[11] Ungerer,P., J.Burrus, B.Doligez, P.Y.Chenet, and F.Bessis. Basin evaluation by integrated two-dimensional modeling of heat transfer, fluid flow, hydrocarbon genemtion and migration. AAPG Bull, 1990,74:309-335
[12] Lerche,I.. Basin analysis quantitative methods. Acamedic Press, San Diego, California, 1990, 1:132-199
[13] 孟元林等．油气生成的化学动力学模型和煤成气的数值模拟．中国海上油气，1995，9(1)：27-30
[14] Nakayama,K., And D.C.V.Siclen. Simulation model for petroleum exploration. AAPG Bull, 1981,65:1230-1255
[15] 石广仁．油气盆地数值模拟方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：47-73
[16] 韩玉芨等．油气资源评价方法研究与应用(油气资源评价方法研究与应用编委会编)．北京：石油工业出版社，1988．
[17] 郝石生等．天然气藏的形成和保存．北京：石油工业出版社，1995：51-57
[18] 秦建中，贾蓉芬，郭爱明等．华北地区煤系烃源岩油气生成·运移·评价．北京：科学出版社，2000：118
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[20] 郝石生等．天然气藏的形成和保存．北京：石油工业出版社，1995：44-58
[21] Nakayama,k.. Hydrocarbon-expulsion model and its application to Niigata Area. Japan: AAPG Bull, 1987,71:810-821
[22] Ungerer,P.. State of the an of research in kinetic modeling of oil formation and expulsion. Advanses in organic geochemistry, Org. Geochem., 1990,16:1-3
[23] 孟元林等．石油初次运移史的两相渗流模型及应用．大庆石油学院学报，1992，16(3)：6-10
[24] 孟元林等．初次运移的三相渗流模型及应用．河北省科学院学报，1994，11(3)：41-43
[25] 石广仁．油气盆地数值模拟方法．北京：石油工业出版社，1994：82-87
[26] 郝石生等．天然气藏的形成和保存．北京：石油工业出版社，1995：49-51
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