油水井出砂后期分级防砂技术研究
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摘要
疏松砂岩油藏开采中的主要矛盾之一是油层出砂,由于我国陆上油田已经进入注水开发的中后期,地层累积出砂量日益增大,导致出砂地层严重亏空。针对油水井出砂后期的特点和目前防砂技术存在的问题,本论文基于级数、级配与级序的概念,提出了一种新的防砂工艺技术—分级防砂。该分级防砂技术是在已有的防砂技术的理论与基础上,建立了油水井出砂的预测模型。根据对地层累积出砂量的预测,判断出砂地层的亏空半径;利用非均质性地层渗流模型,优化了砾石充填的级数;在充填砾石粒径的设计中,利用Saucier筛选方法对分级防砂中砾石的级配进行了优化,达到既可挡砂防砂又可最大限度的保持高渗透率的目的;通过研究砾石经过炮眼后的运动以及砂拱稳定性的影响因素,对充填级序进行了预测,达到最优的防砂效果。在室内用挡砂实验模型对优化的分级防砂方法进行了验证,得出了三级砾石充填比二级砾石充填的挡砂效果好,砾石粒径从地层向井筒方向由细到粗的顺序挡砂效果比逆序的好;在三级顺序挡砂实验中,当砾石段1、砾石段2和砾石段3与地层砂粒径比分别为6、8和10时,挡砂后各砾石段渗透率变化均较小。为了增加砾石充填层在井筒周围抗流体的冲刷能力,根据分级挡砂防砂的理论,建立了纤维网络复合体挡砂的人工井壁,在保持一定渗透率的条件下,大大增强了覆膜砂人工井壁的抗折与抗压的强度。本论文的研究为地层亏空严重的出砂油水井提供了一套分级防砂新方法。
One of the most contradiction is oil reservoir sanding in unconsolidated sandstone oil reservoir.This paper put forward conception of classification sand control and series, gradation,grade order according to sand control characteristics in the later stage and carried on an indoor research also. Critical sanding pressure model and carry on an estimate to the strata accumulated sanding production and judge depletion radius of sand producing formation.It optimize gravel packing series by means of infiltrating fluid model formation of anisotropy and optimize classification sand control gradation by means of Saucier during gravel packing which not only attain the aim of both sand retention and sand prevention but also keep high permeability quotient utmostly.It predicted grade order through researching gravel movement processed borehole and stability of the sand arch and verified the accuracy of order prediction through the experiment also which attain the optimal sand control result. It uses physical model to carry on a verification of optimized classification sand control in the laboratory and obtain the result which sand control result which three series gravel packing is better than two series gravel packing,at the time,sand control result of order gravel packing is better than inverted order.particle diameter ratio is 6,8,10 respectively when the gravel segment 1,the gravel segment 2 and the gravel segment 3 compare with formation sand respectively. To enhance withstand fluid erosion of wellbore surrounding gravel packing zone to built up control sand artificial borehole wall of fibre net complex according to classification sand control theory.The paper supply a set of new method of sandcontrol for oil and water well of sanding relative seriously and major formation depletion.
One of the most contradiction is oil reservoir sanding in unconsolidated sandstone oil reservoir.This paper put forward conception of classification sand control and series, gradation,grade order according to sand control characteristics in the later stage and carried on an indoor research also. Critical sanding pressure model and carry on an estimate to the strata accumulated sanding production and judge depletion radius of sand producing formation.It optimize gravel packing series by means of infiltrating fluid model formation of anisotropy and optimize classification sand control gradation by means of Saucier during gravel packing which not only attain the aim of both sand retention and sand prevention but also keep high permeability quotient utmostly.It predicted grade order through researching gravel movement processed borehole and stability of the sand arch and verified the accuracy of order prediction through the experiment also which attain the optimal sand control result. It uses physical model to carry on a verification of optimized classification sand control in the laboratory and obtain the result which sand control result which three series gravel packing is better than two series gravel packing,at the time,sand control result of order gravel packing is better than inverted order.particle diameter ratio is 6,8,10 respectively when the gravel segment 1,the gravel segment 2 and the gravel segment 3 compare with formation sand respectively. To enhance withstand fluid erosion of wellbore surrounding gravel packing zone to built up control sand artificial borehole wall of fibre net complex according to classification sand control theory.The paper supply a set of new method of sandcontrol for oil and water well of sanding relative seriously and major formation depletion.
引文
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[14] Maurice B.Dusseault, Johan Tronvoll, Francesco Sanfilippo,et a1.Skin Self-Cleaning in High-Rate Oil Wells Using Sand Management.SPE 58786,2000
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[16]从洪良,盛宏至.疏松砂岩油藏油井出砂量预测模型及应用[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(2):120-122
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[20] Risnes Rasmus. Sand Stress Around a Wellbore.SPE December 1982; (12)883-898
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[22]张建国,雷光伦,张艳玉.油气层渗流力学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2004:93-102
[23]王鸿勋.采油工艺原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1989:1-11
[24]陈元千,董宁宁.确定高速速度系数β的方法及其相关经验公式[J].断块油气田,1998,5(6):20-26
[25]陈元千.湍流对油井产能的影响及简单的预测方法[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):65-71
[26]李爱芬,姚军,寇永强.砾石充填防砂井产能预测方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,11(1):103-105
[27]衷恳熙主编.工程流体力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990:52-65
[28]渗流流体力学研究所编.渗流力学进展[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:60-85
[29]董长银,张琪,李志芬,李贵恩.筛管砾石充填井筒附近压降计算方法[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2002,17(2):33-36
[30]董长银,张琪,陈平.筛管砾石充填油井产能预测研究(I)-基本模型[J].石油钻探技术,2001,29(1):43-45
[31]董长银,张琪,李志芬,等.筛管砾石充填油井产能预测研究(II)-复杂条件下的修正[J].石油钻探技术,2001,29(2):54-55
[32]赵东伟,董长银,张琪.砾石尺寸评价与优选方法研究[J].石油钻探技术,2004,32(4):63-65
[33]何生厚,张琪.油气井防砂理论及其应用[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2003:10-35
[34]张琪.油气开采技术新进展[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006:213-215
[35]王志刚,李爱芬,张红玲,等.砾石充填防砂井砾石层堵塞机理实验研究[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(5):49-51
[36] Sparlin,Derry D..Sand and Gravel-A Study of Their Permeabilities.SPE 4772,1974
[37] Ahsene,Bouhroum,et al. A Study of Particulates Migration in Gravel Pack. SPE 27346,1994
[38] Yann Bigno et al. Investigation of Pore-blocking Mechanism in Gravel Packs in the Management and Control of Fines Migration. SPE 27342,1994
[39]周晓君.防砂充填颗粒对地层的作用机理研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2007,29(4):55-58
[40]李诗久,周晓君.气力输送理论与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992:17-34
[41]王松,陈来平,陈广,等.封隔高压一次充填防砂技术及其应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2001,23(5):67-70
[42]张琪.采油工程原理与设计[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2000:333-348
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