四川宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿床构造与成矿关系研究
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摘要
四川宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区位于扬子准地台西南缘,属扬子准地台成矿区的上扬子成矿亚区,是川、滇、黔铅锌多金属矿集区的重要组成部分。
宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区隶属四川省宁南县骑骡沟乡管辖,矿区面积约16km2。矿区内出露的地层主要有震旦系(Zbd)和寒武系下统(ε1),次为小面积的前震旦系。主要含矿地层为震旦系上统灯影组上段(Zbd3)地层,地层岩性主要为白云岩。矿石类型有网脉状,细脉状及浸染状。矿区位于轴向近SN的骑骡沟背斜西翼,区内断裂构造发育。矿体主要产于NNW向构造部位,倾向NS。
本文从构造地质基础入手,在充分收集前人资料和研究成果的基础上,分别从区域遥感地质特征,区域构造演化、矿床基本特征、构造控矿特征等几个方面,分析区域构造及矿区构造对矿带及矿体的控制作用,取得如下认识：
1.从遥感影像上来看,宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区位于滇东北北东向的成矿带—巧家莲峰断裂带(又称莲峰-金沙江断裂)上,该断裂带上有两个矿化集中区,矿区位于二者之间；
2、在长期的区域地质演化历史过程中,宁南地区经历了澄江运动,加里东运动,海西,印支运动,燕山运动和喜山运动。区域性的地质背景发育,为宁南地区铅锌矿的形成提供了有利的构造条件；燕山期强烈的褶皱造山作用为宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区提供了良好的容矿、配矿构造；小江断裂在矿区东部通过,基本贯穿全区,为矿区提供了良好的导矿构造；
3、宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿主要产于震旦系上统灯影组上段地层(Zbd3)中,震旦纪-早古生代陆架裂陷中形成的观音崖组-灯影组-筇竹寺组为该区构成了良好的屏蔽-容矿岩石组合；震旦系上统灯影组地层(Zbd)中含藻类的白云岩层位,为该区提供了丰富的矿质来源；
4、研究表明宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区基本地质构造格架为：近SN的骑骡沟背斜,NNW、SN、NNS纵向断裂,EW向的横向断裂以及早晚两期顺层剪切构造。
5、小江断裂为该区导矿构造,次级SN张性断裂为配矿构造,NNW、近SN断裂及晚期顺层剪切破碎带为容矿构造。
The Yin Changgou—Qi Luogou lead-zinc area located on west-south edge of Yangzi Paraplatform, belong to metallogenic subregions of Yangzi Paraplatform,is the important component of lead-zinc ores in Sichuan Yunnan and Guizhou.
Qi Luogou lead-zinc area is subordinate to Qi Luogou village, Ningnan county, Sichuan. Ore area of 16 square kilometers. The exposed formation of ores area belong to sinian system cambrian system and small areas belong to presinian system.The Main containing ore formation is surface layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group, the main component is dolomite.Ore type is dense block, brecciform veinlets and disseminated.Ore area located on west wing of Qi Luogou anticline, anticline in the near east,west,north and south,and growth faults in the area.Ore body main originate in NNW structure part which dip to NE.
Base on basic structural geology by fully collecting previous material and research achievements. Made some conclusions by the main characters of the remote sensing, the development of regional geological structure,the basic characteristics of ore deposits and the structural ore-control characteristics:
1. Judging from remote sensing image, The south of NingXia province area is situated in the eastern Yunnan Province,in the NNE-tending metallogenic belt which named Qiao Jialianfeng fracture zone (another name is Lianfeng- Jinsha River fracture), there are two intensive mineralization districts in the fault zone, and have a superior metallogenic condition;
2. The south of Ningnan area went though Chengjiang orogeny, Caledonian orogeny, Hercynian-Indonesian orogeny, Yenshan orogeny and Himalayan orogeny. Regional geological background development provide advantageous structural conditions of formation of lead zinc ore in the south of NingXia province; Gushing out of basalt in hercynian provide good thermal condition for Pb-Zn metallogenesis; Yanshanian strong folding orogeny provide favourable Ore matching tectonic and nice space for mineralization.function is to ride the mule ditch mining area provides good let mine, ore matching structure;
3. lead zinc ore of Qi Luogou originate in layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group, Guanyinya Fm-Dengying (Tongying) Fm-Qiongzhusi Fm which form in rifting of Sinian-Early Paleozoic continental shelf provide nice covert space for mineralization; The layer which contain algous in layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group provide nice abundant ore;
4.The research shows that basic geological structure of Qiluogou lead-zinc mine zone is that:nearly ns-trending Qiluogou anticline, subprime of vertical and horizontal small drape;North north west, north and south, north north east to the longitudinal fracture, east-west fracture and two periods including early and late bedding shear structure.
5. Xiaojiang fracture is the fracture that leads the ore, subprime SN shear fracture is for ore matching.NNW, nearly SN-trending fracture and lately bedding shear fracture zone are for letting ore structure.
宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区隶属四川省宁南县骑骡沟乡管辖,矿区面积约16km2。矿区内出露的地层主要有震旦系(Zbd)和寒武系下统(ε1),次为小面积的前震旦系。主要含矿地层为震旦系上统灯影组上段(Zbd3)地层,地层岩性主要为白云岩。矿石类型有网脉状,细脉状及浸染状。矿区位于轴向近SN的骑骡沟背斜西翼,区内断裂构造发育。矿体主要产于NNW向构造部位,倾向NS。
本文从构造地质基础入手,在充分收集前人资料和研究成果的基础上,分别从区域遥感地质特征,区域构造演化、矿床基本特征、构造控矿特征等几个方面,分析区域构造及矿区构造对矿带及矿体的控制作用,取得如下认识：
1.从遥感影像上来看,宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区位于滇东北北东向的成矿带—巧家莲峰断裂带(又称莲峰-金沙江断裂)上,该断裂带上有两个矿化集中区,矿区位于二者之间；
2、在长期的区域地质演化历史过程中,宁南地区经历了澄江运动,加里东运动,海西,印支运动,燕山运动和喜山运动。区域性的地质背景发育,为宁南地区铅锌矿的形成提供了有利的构造条件；燕山期强烈的褶皱造山作用为宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区提供了良好的容矿、配矿构造；小江断裂在矿区东部通过,基本贯穿全区,为矿区提供了良好的导矿构造；
3、宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿主要产于震旦系上统灯影组上段地层(Zbd3)中,震旦纪-早古生代陆架裂陷中形成的观音崖组-灯影组-筇竹寺组为该区构成了良好的屏蔽-容矿岩石组合；震旦系上统灯影组地层(Zbd)中含藻类的白云岩层位,为该区提供了丰富的矿质来源；
4、研究表明宁南骑骡沟铅锌矿区基本地质构造格架为：近SN的骑骡沟背斜,NNW、SN、NNS纵向断裂,EW向的横向断裂以及早晚两期顺层剪切构造。
5、小江断裂为该区导矿构造,次级SN张性断裂为配矿构造,NNW、近SN断裂及晚期顺层剪切破碎带为容矿构造。
The Yin Changgou—Qi Luogou lead-zinc area located on west-south edge of Yangzi Paraplatform, belong to metallogenic subregions of Yangzi Paraplatform,is the important component of lead-zinc ores in Sichuan Yunnan and Guizhou.
Qi Luogou lead-zinc area is subordinate to Qi Luogou village, Ningnan county, Sichuan. Ore area of 16 square kilometers. The exposed formation of ores area belong to sinian system cambrian system and small areas belong to presinian system.The Main containing ore formation is surface layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group, the main component is dolomite.Ore type is dense block, brecciform veinlets and disseminated.Ore area located on west wing of Qi Luogou anticline, anticline in the near east,west,north and south,and growth faults in the area.Ore body main originate in NNW structure part which dip to NE.
Base on basic structural geology by fully collecting previous material and research achievements. Made some conclusions by the main characters of the remote sensing, the development of regional geological structure,the basic characteristics of ore deposits and the structural ore-control characteristics:
1. Judging from remote sensing image, The south of NingXia province area is situated in the eastern Yunnan Province,in the NNE-tending metallogenic belt which named Qiao Jialianfeng fracture zone (another name is Lianfeng- Jinsha River fracture), there are two intensive mineralization districts in the fault zone, and have a superior metallogenic condition;
2. The south of Ningnan area went though Chengjiang orogeny, Caledonian orogeny, Hercynian-Indonesian orogeny, Yenshan orogeny and Himalayan orogeny. Regional geological background development provide advantageous structural conditions of formation of lead zinc ore in the south of NingXia province; Gushing out of basalt in hercynian provide good thermal condition for Pb-Zn metallogenesis; Yanshanian strong folding orogeny provide favourable Ore matching tectonic and nice space for mineralization.function is to ride the mule ditch mining area provides good let mine, ore matching structure;
3. lead zinc ore of Qi Luogou originate in layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group, Guanyinya Fm-Dengying (Tongying) Fm-Qiongzhusi Fm which form in rifting of Sinian-Early Paleozoic continental shelf provide nice covert space for mineralization; The layer which contain algous in layer lighted on the sinian section (ec) group provide nice abundant ore;
4.The research shows that basic geological structure of Qiluogou lead-zinc mine zone is that:nearly ns-trending Qiluogou anticline, subprime of vertical and horizontal small drape;North north west, north and south, north north east to the longitudinal fracture, east-west fracture and two periods including early and late bedding shear structure.
5. Xiaojiang fracture is the fracture that leads the ore, subprime SN shear fracture is for ore matching.NNW, nearly SN-trending fracture and lately bedding shear fracture zone are for letting ore structure.
引文
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[2]Ohle,E.L.Some consideration in determing the origin of ore deposits of Mississippi Valley-Type.Economic Geology,1959,54:769-789
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[6]Sangster D F.以沉积岩为容矿围岩的喷气矿床[J].国外矿床地质,1985,(增刊)：38-53
[7]Sangster D F.与火山岩有关的块状硫化物矿床[J].国外矿床地质,1985a,(增刊)：1-37
[8]Franklin J M, Lyon J M and Sangster D F.1981. Volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposits [J].Econ.Geol.,1993:1167-1196
[9]Ohmoto H, Skinner B G. The kuroko and related volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits[J].Econ Geol,1985,Mongr (5):604
[10]Franklin J M. Sangster D F, Lyon J M. Volcanic-associated massive sulfide deposits [J].Econ.Geol,1981(758 Anniv):485-627
[11]K·C·Dunham编.世界铅锌矿地质.李沛生,李松涛,康介民译.地质出版社,1959：21-27
[12]郭文魁,张玉华.1：3000000中国铅锌成矿规律略图简要说明.地质论评,1959,20(1)：17-31
[13]徐光炽.中国层控矿床地球化学[M].北京：科学出版社,1987：1-55
[14]柳贺昌.滇、川、黔成矿区的铅锌矿源层(岩).地质与勘探,1996,32(2)：12-18.
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