东天山晚古生代构造环境及其成矿特征
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摘要
东天山地区处于哈萨克斯坦—准噶尔、塔里木和西伯利亚三大板块之间,地质构造极为复杂,成矿条件有利。本文在总结前人相关分析的基础上,通过综合分析、整理,运用地层学、岩石学、地球化学、板块构造学等理论知识较完整地阐述了东天山晚古生代中期石炭纪期间的大地构造背景及其成矿特征。取得了如下的一些新认识:
(1)地层特征分析得出:石炭纪地层,下石炭统为一套深海到半深海碎屑沉积,上石炭统为一套浅海到陆缘碎屑沉积,表明从海沟到岛弧的沉积环境。
(2)石炭纪是该区板块活动最强烈时期,早石炭世大洋开始分别向塔里木板块和天山地块俯冲,至晚石炭世两陆块基本闭合。
(3)整个石炭纪经历了洋壳双向俯冲→洋壳消失→形成大陆地壳等阶段。与此同时,伴随俯冲过程从早到晚发育完整的岩浆系列,即拉斑系列→钙碱系列→碱性系列,并形成与之相应的矿床系列。
(4)研究区在石炭纪形成的矿床具有一定的时空分布特征,即空间上具北铜(镍)—中金铜—南铁金的特征;时间上第一阶段(359～320Ma)为早石炭世,第二阶段(320～280Ma)晚石炭世的特征。
Eastern Tianshan Mountain lies between Kazakhstan-Zhungar plate, Tarim plate and Xiboliya plate, its geologic structure is extremely complex, and mineralization condition is advantageous. On basis of some predecessors’correlative study, the tectonic settings and metallogenic characteristics are analyzed in the area during carboniferous in this article,by studying the characteristics of stratum and the chemical composition of magma. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) The analysis of stratum’s characteristics indicated that: Lower Carboniferous as a semi-deep to deep-sea clastic sedimentation, Upper Carboniferous clastic for the deposition of a shallow sea to the continental margin, indicating that the sedimentary environment from the trench to the island arc;
(2) Carboniferous section is the most intensive period of plate activity in this area, in early Carboniferous the oceanic plate respectively started diving to Tarim block and the Tianshan block , in the late Carboniferous the two basic land mass were closed;
(3) All Carboniferous Experienced of oceanic crust two-way subduction→Oceanic crust disappears→The formation of continental crust etc.stage. At the same time, With the during of subduction occurred completely magma series from early to late that:Tholeiite series→cak-alkaline→Alkeline, and formed with the corresponding deposit series.
(4) It has unique space-time features of Mineral deposits that was formed in Carboniferous of this area,on the space with north Copper (Nickel)-in mid Gold and Copper- Iron and Gold in the south,on the time finrst phase in (359～320Ma)is belonging to early Carboniferous and second phase in (320～280Ma)is belonging to late Carboniferous.
(1)地层特征分析得出:石炭纪地层,下石炭统为一套深海到半深海碎屑沉积,上石炭统为一套浅海到陆缘碎屑沉积,表明从海沟到岛弧的沉积环境。
(2)石炭纪是该区板块活动最强烈时期,早石炭世大洋开始分别向塔里木板块和天山地块俯冲,至晚石炭世两陆块基本闭合。
(3)整个石炭纪经历了洋壳双向俯冲→洋壳消失→形成大陆地壳等阶段。与此同时,伴随俯冲过程从早到晚发育完整的岩浆系列,即拉斑系列→钙碱系列→碱性系列,并形成与之相应的矿床系列。
(4)研究区在石炭纪形成的矿床具有一定的时空分布特征,即空间上具北铜(镍)—中金铜—南铁金的特征;时间上第一阶段(359～320Ma)为早石炭世,第二阶段(320～280Ma)晚石炭世的特征。
Eastern Tianshan Mountain lies between Kazakhstan-Zhungar plate, Tarim plate and Xiboliya plate, its geologic structure is extremely complex, and mineralization condition is advantageous. On basis of some predecessors’correlative study, the tectonic settings and metallogenic characteristics are analyzed in the area during carboniferous in this article,by studying the characteristics of stratum and the chemical composition of magma. The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) The analysis of stratum’s characteristics indicated that: Lower Carboniferous as a semi-deep to deep-sea clastic sedimentation, Upper Carboniferous clastic for the deposition of a shallow sea to the continental margin, indicating that the sedimentary environment from the trench to the island arc;
(2) Carboniferous section is the most intensive period of plate activity in this area, in early Carboniferous the oceanic plate respectively started diving to Tarim block and the Tianshan block , in the late Carboniferous the two basic land mass were closed;
(3) All Carboniferous Experienced of oceanic crust two-way subduction→Oceanic crust disappears→The formation of continental crust etc.stage. At the same time, With the during of subduction occurred completely magma series from early to late that:Tholeiite series→cak-alkaline→Alkeline, and formed with the corresponding deposit series.
(4) It has unique space-time features of Mineral deposits that was formed in Carboniferous of this area,on the space with north Copper (Nickel)-in mid Gold and Copper- Iron and Gold in the south,on the time finrst phase in (359～320Ma)is belonging to early Carboniferous and second phase in (320～280Ma)is belonging to late Carboniferous.
引文
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[14]韩春明,毛景文,杨建民等.东天山晚古生代内生金属矿床成矿系列合成矿规律[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(5):5-10.
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[22]邓振球.东天山航空磁异常特征及地质解释[J].新疆地质,2002,20(4):320-324.
[23]王福同,冯京,胡建卫等.新疆土屋大型斑岩铜矿床特征及发现意义[J].中国地质,2001,28(1):36-39.
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[25]李锦轶,王克卓,李文铅等.东天山晚古生代以来大地构造与矿产勘查[J].新疆地质.2002, 20(4):295-301.
[26]李文明,任秉琛,杨兴科等.东天山中酸性侵入岩浆作用及其地球动力学意义[J].西北地质,2002,35(4):41-64.
[27]何国琦,李茂松,刘徳权等.中国新疆古生代地壳演化与成矿[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,1994,437.
[28]徐湘康,李新峰.康古尔塔格韧性剪切带变质作用研究[J].新疆地质,1994,12(3):259-264.
[29]刘成德,邬继易,吕喜朝等.中国天山花岗岩类的时空分布及构造意义[J].新疆地质,1989,7(2):1-12.
[30] R.A.Batchelor, Groves D I.Sopercontinent Cycles and the distribution of metal deposit through timeGeology, 1992, 20:291-294.
[31]吴泰然.花岗岩及其形成的大地构造环境[J].北京大学学报,1995,31(3):358-364.
[32]姜立丰,姬厚贵,郑勇.新疆东天山区域构造演化与矿产资源潜力分析[C].东天山铜多金属矿床成矿过程和成矿动力学及找矿预测新技术新方法会议,2001,73-77.
[33]李文铅.新疆东天山康古尔塔格地区古弧-盆系统研究[D].广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,2005.
[34]李永军,佟丽莉,杜志刚等.东天山库姆塔格垄东岩体岩石地球化学特征及构造意义[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(6):25-35.
[35]陈文明.新疆小热泉子铜(锌)矿床同位素研究[J].地球学报,1999,20(4):349-356.
[36]李凤鸣,王宗社,侯文斌.东天山小热泉子铜矿床综合找矿模型的建立[J].新疆地质,2002,20(1):38-43.
[37] W.L.Petro.Active geothermal systems and hydrothermal ore deposite.Econ Geol, 75th Anniv, 1981,1:392-432.
[38] Wilson M. Lgneous petrogenesis. London: Unwin Hyman,1989,287-323.
[39]木合塔尔·扎日,张晓帆,陈斌等.新疆大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2010,27(1):5-11.
[40]丁建华.新疆东天山铜、镍、金矿资源潜力评价[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2007.
[41]吴华.东天山地壳演化及内生金属成矿作用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006.
[42]翟裕生,姚书振,崔彬等.成矿系列研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学,1996,198.
[43]韩春明.东天山铜矿区域成矿系列研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2002.
[44]卢登蓉,姬金生,吕仁生等.新疆雅满苏铁矿地球化学特征及矿床成因[J].西北地质.1995,16(1):15-19.
[45]王龙生,李华芹,刘德权等.新疆哈密维权银(铜)矿床地质特征和成矿时代[J].矿床地质.2005,24(3):280-283.
[2]王登红,李纯杰,陈郑辉等.东天山成矿规律与找矿方向的初步研究[J].地质通报,2006,25(8),911-915.
[3]马瑞士,舒良树,孙家齐.东天山构造演化与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1997,202.
[4]姬金生,陶洪祥,曾章仁等.东天山康古尔塔格金矿带地质与成矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1994,1-204.
[5]周济元,张斌,张朝文等.东天山古大陆及其边缘银、铼钼、金和铜矿地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1996,1-191.
[6]王作勋,邬继易,吕喜朝等.天山多旋回构造演化与成矿[M].北京:北京科学出版社,1990,217.
[7]程裕琪,陈毓川,赵一鸣等.再论矿床的成矿系列问题[J].中国地质科学院院报,1983,总第6号,1-64.
[8]张良臣,吴乃元.天山地质构造演化史[J].新疆地质,1985,3(3):1-4.
[9]肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民等.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1992,1-12
[10]马瑞士,王赐银,叶尚夫等.东天山构造格架及地壳演化[M].南京:南京大学出版社,1993,9-22.
[11]周济元,茅燕石,黄志勋等.东天山古大陆边缘火山地质[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1994.1-280.
[12]冯益民,朱宝清,杨军录等.东天山大地构造及演化—1:50万东天山大地构造图简要说明[J].新疆地质,2002(4):21-26.
[13]秦克章,方同辉,王书来.东天山板块构造分区、演化与成矿地质背景研究[J].新疆地质,2002,20(4):14-20.
[14]韩春明,毛景文,杨建民等.东天山晚古生代内生金属矿床成矿系列合成矿规律[J].地质与勘探,2002,38(5):5-10.
[15]杨兴科,程宏宾,姬金生等.东天山金铜成矿背景与成矿系统分析[J].西安工程学院学报,2000,22(2):7-13.
[16]毛景文,杨建民,韩春明等.东天山铜金多金属矿床成矿系统和成矿地球动力学模型[J].地球科学,2002,27(4):413-424.
[17]陈文明.论东天山土屋-延东铜矿的容矿岩[C].东天山铜多金属矿床成矿过程和成矿动力学及找矿预测新技术新方法会议,2001,65-67.
[18]李华芹,谢才富,常海亮等.新疆北部有色贵金属矿床成矿作用年代学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,264.
[19]姬金生,张连昌,曾章仁等.东天山康古尔塔格金矿带年代学研究[J].地质科学,1996,32(1):80-89.
[20]新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产局.新疆维吾尔自治区区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.
[21]陈哲夫,成守德,梁云海等.新疆开合构造与成矿[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社,1997,394.
[22]邓振球.东天山航空磁异常特征及地质解释[J].新疆地质,2002,20(4):320-324.
[23]王福同,冯京,胡建卫等.新疆土屋大型斑岩铜矿床特征及发现意义[J].中国地质,2001,28(1):36-39.
[24]郭召杰,马瑞士.东天山晚古生代康古尔弧间盆地研究[J].南京大学学报(地球科学),1990(3):110-113.
[25]李锦轶,王克卓,李文铅等.东天山晚古生代以来大地构造与矿产勘查[J].新疆地质.2002, 20(4):295-301.
[26]李文明,任秉琛,杨兴科等.东天山中酸性侵入岩浆作用及其地球动力学意义[J].西北地质,2002,35(4):41-64.
[27]何国琦,李茂松,刘徳权等.中国新疆古生代地壳演化与成矿[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,1994,437.
[28]徐湘康,李新峰.康古尔塔格韧性剪切带变质作用研究[J].新疆地质,1994,12(3):259-264.
[29]刘成德,邬继易,吕喜朝等.中国天山花岗岩类的时空分布及构造意义[J].新疆地质,1989,7(2):1-12.
[30] R.A.Batchelor, Groves D I.Sopercontinent Cycles and the distribution of metal deposit through timeGeology, 1992, 20:291-294.
[31]吴泰然.花岗岩及其形成的大地构造环境[J].北京大学学报,1995,31(3):358-364.
[32]姜立丰,姬厚贵,郑勇.新疆东天山区域构造演化与矿产资源潜力分析[C].东天山铜多金属矿床成矿过程和成矿动力学及找矿预测新技术新方法会议,2001,73-77.
[33]李文铅.新疆东天山康古尔塔格地区古弧-盆系统研究[D].广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,2005.
[34]李永军,佟丽莉,杜志刚等.东天山库姆塔格垄东岩体岩石地球化学特征及构造意义[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(6):25-35.
[35]陈文明.新疆小热泉子铜(锌)矿床同位素研究[J].地球学报,1999,20(4):349-356.
[36]李凤鸣,王宗社,侯文斌.东天山小热泉子铜矿床综合找矿模型的建立[J].新疆地质,2002,20(1):38-43.
[37] W.L.Petro.Active geothermal systems and hydrothermal ore deposite.Econ Geol, 75th Anniv, 1981,1:392-432.
[38] Wilson M. Lgneous petrogenesis. London: Unwin Hyman,1989,287-323.
[39]木合塔尔·扎日,张晓帆,陈斌等.新疆大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2010,27(1):5-11.
[40]丁建华.新疆东天山铜、镍、金矿资源潜力评价[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2007.
[41]吴华.东天山地壳演化及内生金属成矿作用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2006.
[42]翟裕生,姚书振,崔彬等.成矿系列研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学,1996,198.
[43]韩春明.东天山铜矿区域成矿系列研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2002.
[44]卢登蓉,姬金生,吕仁生等.新疆雅满苏铁矿地球化学特征及矿床成因[J].西北地质.1995,16(1):15-19.
[45]王龙生,李华芹,刘德权等.新疆哈密维权银(铜)矿床地质特征和成矿时代[J].矿床地质.2005,24(3):280-283.