高填料纸张制备技术及其性能研究
摘要
高填料纸（灰分含量>30%）可以有效地减少生产成本，保护环境。在对纸页强度影响最小的原则下，本文对高填料纸张的制备进行了研究。
首先探讨了浆种、打浆度、配比及填料种类对高填料纸张性能的影响。研究结果表明：选择滑石粉为填料，针叶木打浆度为32oSR，阔叶木打浆度为33oSR，两者配比为1：1时，抄造的手抄片抗张指数达到21.11N·m/g，灰分含量为26.8%。
其次在优化了的针、阔叶木浆料配比的前提下，考察了单元体系CPAM（阳离子聚丙烯酰胺）、PAE（阳离子聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂）、CS（阳离子淀粉）的湿部化学特性和增强作用，比较了CPAM/MMT （膨润土）、 PAE/APAM、 PAE/CPAM/MMT、PAE/CPAM/APAM、CS/APAM助留助滤效果。研究结果表明：CPAM、PAE、CS单独使用时较合适的量分别为绝干纸料的0.2%、1.25%和1.5%。双元体系CPAM/MMT的助留助滤效果优于其他体系。当CPAM和MMT用量均为0.2%时，较CPAM或PAE或CS填料留着率增幅分别为23.9%、31.1%和15.9%，浆料滤水性增幅分别为23.7%、40.8%和47.2%；较PAE/APAM填料留着率增幅为30.4%，浆料滤水性增幅为14.7%；较PAE/CPAM/MMT、PAE/CPAM/APAM填料留着率的增幅分别为6.3%和8.0%，浆料滤水性能增幅分别为9.4%和19.4%。
此时滑石粉较合适的添加量为45%，抄造的纸张灰分量为31.15%，填料留着率56.79%，正反面白度分别为75.6%和75.8%，光散射系数为46.8m~2·kg~(-1)，正反面平滑度分别为10s和8s，不透明度为95.1%，抗张指数为13.7N·m/g，耐破度为1.05kPa·m~2/g。
再次研究了CPAM用量对高打浆度（85。SR）浆料的影响，选用CPAM用量0.4%、0.6%、0.8%，滑石粉与85。SR针叶木浆的比例为1：1进行混合制备复合填料，并研究了其对浆料滤水性能与纸张物理性能的影响。研究结果表明：当灰分增加到32%时，直接加填纸张的抗张指数比未加填纸张下降了60.4%，而复合填料1～3分别下降了24.5%、14.2%和18.9%。在CPAM用量为0.6%的复合填料具有更高的抗张强度，同时其白度和不透明度与另外两种复合填料抄造的纸张相近。但降低了浆料的滤水性能，在纸张灰分含量为30%时，相对未加填，复合填料1～3分别使滤水时间从26s延长至88s、93s、86s，降幅分别为238.5%、257.7%、230.8%。综合考虑，相对这三种复合填料，CPAM添加量为0.6%的复合填料应用于高填料纸张的制备效果较好。
High filler paper can effectively reduce production costs and protect the environment.Based on the low effect to the paper strength, this thesis optimized the retention and drainagesystem and studied the talc-fiber composite filler to produce high filler paper.
Firstly, the effect of pulp type,beating degree, the ratio of pulp furnish and the kinds offiller were investigated. Results showed that the paper performance and the filler retention ratewere best with50%of32。SR long fiber softwood pulp and50%of35。SR short fiber hardwoodpulp, choosing talc as filler. The tensile index was21.11N·m·g-1,the ash content in paper was26.8%.
Secondly, based on the optimized ratio of softwood and harhwood, the wet-endcharacteristics and strengthening properties of CPAM,PAE and CS were studied, and theretention and drainage effects of CPAM/MMT, PAE/APAM, PAE/CPAM/MMT,PAE/CPAM/APAM, CS/APAM on high filler paper were compared. Results showed that thebest retention and drainage effects of CPAM,PAE and CS could be achieved at the dosage of0.2%,1.25%and1.5%respectively when they were used solely. The dual CPAM/MMTpolymeric retention system had the best retention and drainage effect. The perfect dosages ofCPAM and MMT all were0.2%in CPAM/MMT system. Comparison of CPAM,PAE and CSsystem the filler retention rate were increased by23.9%,31.1%and15.9%respectively, thedrainage were increased by23.7%,40.8%and47.2%; Comparison of PAE/APAM system thefiller retention rate and drainage were increased by30.4%and14.7%respectively; Comparisonof PAE/CPAM/MMT and PAE/CPAM/APAM system the filler retention rate were increased by6.3%and8.0%, the drainage were increased by9.45and19.4%.
Using the dual CPAM/MMT polymeric retention system,when the dosage of talc was45%,the ash content achieved31.15%; the filler retention rate was56.79%; the top and backsides of whiteness were75.6%and75.8%respectively; the light scattering coefficients were46.8m~2·g-1; the top and back sides of smoothness were10s and8s; the opacity was95.1%; the tensile index and the breast index were13.7N·m·g~(-1)and1.05kPa·m~2·g~(-1)1.
Thirdly, the effect of CPAM dosage on85。SR pulp was studied, then the dosage of CPAMwere chosen as0.4%,0.6%,0.8%. The composite fillers were prepared by the ratio of talc andfiber1:1. Results showed that at the ash content in paper32%, the tensile index of papers withthese three kinds of composite fillers addition were decreased by24.5%,14.2%and18.9%respectively, while that of talc paper was decreased by60.4%. The composite filler which wereprepared by adding CPAM0.6%had the higher tensile index comparison with other twocomposite fillers, and the whiteness and opacity of paper were similar to others. It was alsoshowed that the composite fillers had some negative influence on drainage of pulp whencompared with the blank sample. At the ash content in paper30%, the drainage time withcomposite fillers addition were extended from26s to88s,93s,86s respectively. The drainagerate were reduced by238.5%,257.7%,230.8%respectively. Taken together, relative to threecomposite fillers, the composite fillers added CPAM0.6%had the better effect than others inhigh filler paper.
首先探讨了浆种、打浆度、配比及填料种类对高填料纸张性能的影响。研究结果表明：选择滑石粉为填料，针叶木打浆度为32oSR，阔叶木打浆度为33oSR，两者配比为1：1时，抄造的手抄片抗张指数达到21.11N·m/g，灰分含量为26.8%。
其次在优化了的针、阔叶木浆料配比的前提下，考察了单元体系CPAM（阳离子聚丙烯酰胺）、PAE（阳离子聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂）、CS（阳离子淀粉）的湿部化学特性和增强作用，比较了CPAM/MMT （膨润土）、 PAE/APAM、 PAE/CPAM/MMT、PAE/CPAM/APAM、CS/APAM助留助滤效果。研究结果表明：CPAM、PAE、CS单独使用时较合适的量分别为绝干纸料的0.2%、1.25%和1.5%。双元体系CPAM/MMT的助留助滤效果优于其他体系。当CPAM和MMT用量均为0.2%时，较CPAM或PAE或CS填料留着率增幅分别为23.9%、31.1%和15.9%，浆料滤水性增幅分别为23.7%、40.8%和47.2%；较PAE/APAM填料留着率增幅为30.4%，浆料滤水性增幅为14.7%；较PAE/CPAM/MMT、PAE/CPAM/APAM填料留着率的增幅分别为6.3%和8.0%，浆料滤水性能增幅分别为9.4%和19.4%。
此时滑石粉较合适的添加量为45%，抄造的纸张灰分量为31.15%，填料留着率56.79%，正反面白度分别为75.6%和75.8%，光散射系数为46.8m~2·kg~(-1)，正反面平滑度分别为10s和8s，不透明度为95.1%，抗张指数为13.7N·m/g，耐破度为1.05kPa·m~2/g。
再次研究了CPAM用量对高打浆度（85。SR）浆料的影响，选用CPAM用量0.4%、0.6%、0.8%，滑石粉与85。SR针叶木浆的比例为1：1进行混合制备复合填料，并研究了其对浆料滤水性能与纸张物理性能的影响。研究结果表明：当灰分增加到32%时，直接加填纸张的抗张指数比未加填纸张下降了60.4%，而复合填料1～3分别下降了24.5%、14.2%和18.9%。在CPAM用量为0.6%的复合填料具有更高的抗张强度，同时其白度和不透明度与另外两种复合填料抄造的纸张相近。但降低了浆料的滤水性能，在纸张灰分含量为30%时，相对未加填，复合填料1～3分别使滤水时间从26s延长至88s、93s、86s，降幅分别为238.5%、257.7%、230.8%。综合考虑，相对这三种复合填料，CPAM添加量为0.6%的复合填料应用于高填料纸张的制备效果较好。
High filler paper can effectively reduce production costs and protect the environment.Based on the low effect to the paper strength, this thesis optimized the retention and drainagesystem and studied the talc-fiber composite filler to produce high filler paper.
Firstly, the effect of pulp type,beating degree, the ratio of pulp furnish and the kinds offiller were investigated. Results showed that the paper performance and the filler retention ratewere best with50%of32。SR long fiber softwood pulp and50%of35。SR short fiber hardwoodpulp, choosing talc as filler. The tensile index was21.11N·m·g-1,the ash content in paper was26.8%.
Secondly, based on the optimized ratio of softwood and harhwood, the wet-endcharacteristics and strengthening properties of CPAM,PAE and CS were studied, and theretention and drainage effects of CPAM/MMT, PAE/APAM, PAE/CPAM/MMT,PAE/CPAM/APAM, CS/APAM on high filler paper were compared. Results showed that thebest retention and drainage effects of CPAM,PAE and CS could be achieved at the dosage of0.2%,1.25%and1.5%respectively when they were used solely. The dual CPAM/MMTpolymeric retention system had the best retention and drainage effect. The perfect dosages ofCPAM and MMT all were0.2%in CPAM/MMT system. Comparison of CPAM,PAE and CSsystem the filler retention rate were increased by23.9%,31.1%and15.9%respectively, thedrainage were increased by23.7%,40.8%and47.2%; Comparison of PAE/APAM system thefiller retention rate and drainage were increased by30.4%and14.7%respectively; Comparisonof PAE/CPAM/MMT and PAE/CPAM/APAM system the filler retention rate were increased by6.3%and8.0%, the drainage were increased by9.45and19.4%.
Using the dual CPAM/MMT polymeric retention system,when the dosage of talc was45%,the ash content achieved31.15%; the filler retention rate was56.79%; the top and backsides of whiteness were75.6%and75.8%respectively; the light scattering coefficients were46.8m~2·g-1; the top and back sides of smoothness were10s and8s; the opacity was95.1%; the tensile index and the breast index were13.7N·m·g~(-1)and1.05kPa·m~2·g~(-1)1.
Thirdly, the effect of CPAM dosage on85。SR pulp was studied, then the dosage of CPAMwere chosen as0.4%,0.6%,0.8%. The composite fillers were prepared by the ratio of talc andfiber1:1. Results showed that at the ash content in paper32%, the tensile index of papers withthese three kinds of composite fillers addition were decreased by24.5%,14.2%and18.9%respectively, while that of talc paper was decreased by60.4%. The composite filler which wereprepared by adding CPAM0.6%had the higher tensile index comparison with other twocomposite fillers, and the whiteness and opacity of paper were similar to others. It was alsoshowed that the composite fillers had some negative influence on drainage of pulp whencompared with the blank sample. At the ash content in paper30%, the drainage time withcomposite fillers addition were extended from26s to88s,93s,86s respectively. The drainagerate were reduced by238.5%,257.7%,230.8%respectively. Taken together, relative to threecomposite fillers, the composite fillers added CPAM0.6%had the better effect than others inhigh filler paper.
引文
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