双转子三凸起凸轮转子叶片马达的理论与实验研究
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摘要
液压马达是液压系统中重要的执行元件，而现有的定量马达在输入定流量和定压力液压油时，只能输出一种转速和转矩，很明显当这种定量马达应用在变速或变转矩较大的系统中时，系统的效率较低。双转子凸轮转子叶片马达是一种新型结构的液压马达，它在一个马达的壳体内形成了内、外多个马达，且内、外马达工作相互独立，通过改变内、外马达油口的连接方式可以实现马达的多级定排量输出。即一台双转子凸轮转子叶片马达在输入定压力、定流量液压油的条件下，不通过辅助调节控制阀就能够实现多种转速和转矩输出。
本文首先介绍了国内、外液压元件的现状与发展趋势和国内专家、学者对凸轮转子叶片马达的研究方向。在分析了现有马达存在问基的础上，提出了一种新型结构的“双转子”凸轮叶片马达，并对马达的结构特点，工作原理和创新应用进行了详细的介绍，对马达内转子和外转子的受力进行了分析，推导出了马达瞬时转矩公式，找出了影响马达转矩脉动的参数。运用仿真软件solidworks建立了连杆和内转子的三维模型并对其强度进行了仿真，主要包括：对连杆滚柱运动学分析和对连杆磨损前和滚柱直径磨损0.5mm后的连杆抗弯应力强度仿真，以及内马达单独组合工作时，连杆径向抗压强度仿真。建立了马达的泄漏数学模型，找出了影响马达泄漏的主要因素，提出了提高马达容积效率的方法。最后，通过样机的实验，验证了新型结构马达工作原理的可行性，并针对得出的结论进行了分析和对以后工作的展望。
以上所做的工作，只是马达设计初级阶段工作，这些结论和参数的获取，为双转子凸轮叶片马达的优化设计，以便更好地应用于实际奠定了基础。
Hydraulic motor is an important execution element in hydraulic system , but existingquantitative motor can only output a speed and torque, in the conditions of input constantflow and pressure hydraulic oil. Obviously when the quantitative motor used in variablespeed or variable torque systems, the system efficiency is low. Double-rotor cam-motorvane-rotor is a new type of structure of hydraulic motor. It formed two motors in a casinginside motor and outside motor, also the motors work independly. Through change thecombination way of internal and external motor oil mouth can realize multistage variabledisplacement output. Namely a double-rotor cam-motor vane-rotor motor can achieve avariety speed and torque without adjusting auxiliary control valves when input constantflow and pressure oil.
Firstly, this paper introduced the domestic and foreign hydraulic components presentsituation and the development trend, also the domestic experts and teachers’researchdirection about cam-rotor vane motor. On the analysis of the current development and theexisting motor shortage, put forward a new type of "double rotor" cam-rotor vane motor,In addition, recommend characteristic structure of the motor and working principle andapplication of innovation in detail. And then derived the instantaneous torque formula ofafter the stress of outside rotor and insid rotor are analyzed, find out the influence factorsfor motor torque output pulse and four kinds of work combination with torque ripple issmaller. Using simulation software established three model and policy of the connectingrod and inside rotor, mainly including, the kinematics analysis of connecting rod and roller,also bending stress intensity check of connecting rod bisides the roller has been 0.5 mmweared . Connecting rod radial force compressive strength is simulated when alone intermotor work, and calculated the inter-rotor maximum stress position. Established internaland outernal leakage mathematics model and find out the main leakage influence factorsfor motor, put forward the way to improve the motor volume efficiency. Finally, throughthe experiment of the prototype verify the feasibility of the new structure motor, analysisthe conclusion and the prospects.
The above analysis and conclusions just primary stage work of motor theory and experimental design, but these conclusions and parameters laid a foundation fordouble-rotor cam-rotor vane motor of optimization design and better applied in practical.
本文首先介绍了国内、外液压元件的现状与发展趋势和国内专家、学者对凸轮转子叶片马达的研究方向。在分析了现有马达存在问基的础上，提出了一种新型结构的“双转子”凸轮叶片马达，并对马达的结构特点，工作原理和创新应用进行了详细的介绍，对马达内转子和外转子的受力进行了分析，推导出了马达瞬时转矩公式，找出了影响马达转矩脉动的参数。运用仿真软件solidworks建立了连杆和内转子的三维模型并对其强度进行了仿真，主要包括：对连杆滚柱运动学分析和对连杆磨损前和滚柱直径磨损0.5mm后的连杆抗弯应力强度仿真，以及内马达单独组合工作时，连杆径向抗压强度仿真。建立了马达的泄漏数学模型，找出了影响马达泄漏的主要因素，提出了提高马达容积效率的方法。最后，通过样机的实验，验证了新型结构马达工作原理的可行性，并针对得出的结论进行了分析和对以后工作的展望。
以上所做的工作，只是马达设计初级阶段工作，这些结论和参数的获取，为双转子凸轮叶片马达的优化设计，以便更好地应用于实际奠定了基础。
Hydraulic motor is an important execution element in hydraulic system , but existingquantitative motor can only output a speed and torque, in the conditions of input constantflow and pressure hydraulic oil. Obviously when the quantitative motor used in variablespeed or variable torque systems, the system efficiency is low. Double-rotor cam-motorvane-rotor is a new type of structure of hydraulic motor. It formed two motors in a casinginside motor and outside motor, also the motors work independly. Through change thecombination way of internal and external motor oil mouth can realize multistage variabledisplacement output. Namely a double-rotor cam-motor vane-rotor motor can achieve avariety speed and torque without adjusting auxiliary control valves when input constantflow and pressure oil.
Firstly, this paper introduced the domestic and foreign hydraulic components presentsituation and the development trend, also the domestic experts and teachers’researchdirection about cam-rotor vane motor. On the analysis of the current development and theexisting motor shortage, put forward a new type of "double rotor" cam-rotor vane motor,In addition, recommend characteristic structure of the motor and working principle andapplication of innovation in detail. And then derived the instantaneous torque formula ofafter the stress of outside rotor and insid rotor are analyzed, find out the influence factorsfor motor torque output pulse and four kinds of work combination with torque ripple issmaller. Using simulation software established three model and policy of the connectingrod and inside rotor, mainly including, the kinematics analysis of connecting rod and roller,also bending stress intensity check of connecting rod bisides the roller has been 0.5 mmweared . Connecting rod radial force compressive strength is simulated when alone intermotor work, and calculated the inter-rotor maximum stress position. Established internaland outernal leakage mathematics model and find out the main leakage influence factorsfor motor, put forward the way to improve the motor volume efficiency. Finally, throughthe experiment of the prototype verify the feasibility of the new structure motor, analysisthe conclusion and the prospects.
The above analysis and conclusions just primary stage work of motor theory and experimental design, but these conclusions and parameters laid a foundation fordouble-rotor cam-rotor vane motor of optimization design and better applied in practical.
引文
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[5] Paul J. Heney, Kathleen A. Franzinger. Fluid power 20/20.Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2005,(1):20-26.
[6]彭天好,徐兵，杨华勇.变频液压技术的发展及研究综述[J].浙江大学学报, 2004, 38(2):215-221.
[7]许明.基于能量调节的电液变转速阀控马达驱动系统研究[D].浙江：浙江大学机械电子学科工学博士学位论文, 2009: 4-15,21-27.
[8] Xu Bing,Yang Jian,Yang Hua-Yong. Conparision of energy-saving on the speed control of theVVVF hydraulic elevator with and without the pressure accumulator[J]. Mechatronics, 2005, 15:1159-1174.
[9]闻德生,徐添,杜孝杰,等.多泵/多马达容积调速回路的理论分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2011, 45(9): 1294-1298.
[10]闻德生,郭高峰,杜孝杰等.新型液压多泵在液压调速系统中的节能分析[J].中国机械工程, 2011, 22(24): 2966-2969.
[11]闻德生,张勇,王志力,等.三作用多泵多马达输出转速和转矩的理论分析[J].西安交通大学学报, 2011, 45(3): 81-84.
[12]刘延俊.液压与气压传动[M].北京：机械工业出版社, 2007: 20-24.
[13] Max Lakkonen,Kari T. Koskinen,Matti Vilenius. Low pressure water hyraulics makes its move[J].Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2005 (3):40-42.
[14] Vikas Chawla,S. Prakash,B.S.Sidhu.State of the Art: Applications of Mechanically AlloyedNanomaterials—A Review[J]. Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2007, (22): 469-473.
[15] Max Lakkonen,Kari T. Koskinen,Matti Vilenius. Low pressure water hyraulics makes its move[J].Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2005 (3): 40-42.
[16]徐文震.新型纳米复合陶瓷材料在纯水比例溢流阀上的应用与研究[J].科学技术与工程,2011, 11(8): 1798-1801.
[17] Vikas Chawla,S. Prakash,B.S.Sidhu.State of the Art: Applications of Mechanically AlloyedNanomaterials—A Review[J]. Materials and Manufacturing Processes,2007,(22):469-473.
[18]许国超.绿色液压技术发展与推广[J].机床与液压, 2010, 38(20): 112-114.
[19]李壮云.液压元件与系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2010: 7-13.
[20]陈丹.生物可降解液压油[J].液压气动与密封, 2004 (5):10-11.
[21]李壮云,贺小峰,于祖耀,等.水液压技术的发展、机遇与展望[J].流体传动与控制2003,1(1): 13-19.
[22]彭熙伟,陈建平.液压技术的发展动向[J].液压与气动, 2007, 3: 1-4.
[23]王小红.现代液压传动技术发展的新方向-纯水液压传动[J].机床与液压, 2006, 8: 226-231.
[24] Alan L. Hithchcox. On board electronics benefit mobile hydraulic systems[J]. Hydraulics &Pneumatics, 2003, (3): 20-24.
[25]王益群,张伟.流体传动及控制技术的评述[J].机械工程学报, 2003, 39(10): 95-99.
[26]权龙.泵控缸电液技术研究现状、存在问题及创新解决方案[J].机械工程学报, 2008, 44(11):87-91.
[27]权龙,李凤兰,王祥.伺服电机定量泵驱动差动液压缸系统效率的研究[J].中国电机工程学报, 2006, 26(8): 93-97.
[28]李建国,权龙.电液泵空差动缸的动态控制[J].流体传动与控制, 2009, 4(35): 5-7.
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