大跨度大深度地下结构盖挖逆筑法施工关键技术研究
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摘要
深圳地铁5号线上水径-下水径站地铁区间的工程重难点主要表现在以下几个方面：(1)整个盖挖区间长约1091m,为迄今为止国内最长的盖挖逆筑法地铁区间,是否适宜采用盖挖逆筑法施工有待考证;(2)地下水位较浅,地质情况较差,为结构防水造成较大压力；(3)基坑较深,最深处达26m,跨度较大,最大跨度31m,保证结构稳定性是施工中的重中之重；(4)地铁区间位于繁华市区,隧道施工将直接影响附近既有建筑物的安全及路面行车安全。针对施工中所面临的以上重难点,本研究工作及研究成果有：
●根据勘测设计资料,针对区间内二层二跨结构、三层四跨结构及削柱结构标准断面,按照实际施工顺序进行了有限差分法分析。分析结果表明：(1)地下连续墙、梁及板组成的框架结构能满足结构稳定性要求；(2)由于此段埋深较浅,受两侧土体挤压,结构趋于上浮,因此必须增设抗浮梁；(3)部分结构部位光靠地下连续墙及板结构很难满足水平稳定性要求,建议加设横向钢支撑；(4)部分断面存在的三层四跨结构削柱现象可能影响结构稳定性,建议增设横支撑加以保护。
●通过现场施工跟踪,结合施工中遇到的实际问题,提炼出了一套包括地下连续墙施工艺、结构连接工艺、降排水工艺及钻孔灌注桩施工工艺的超长地铁区间的盖挖逆筑法施工工艺。
●本研究首次在国内超长城市地铁盖挖区间开发了远程无线实时监测预报预警系统。总结出开发过程中遇到的困难及软硬件方面待改善的方面,以期在今后的研究中进一步完善。
The Shang-Xia Shuijing subway section of Shenzhen Metro Line 5 has several important and difficult points:(1) the section is 1091m long, the longgest section with cover and cut up down tunneling. Whether the tunneling method can be successful is unsure. (2) The ground water level is high and geology is poor, which makes the water-proof very diificult. (3) The pit is 26m deep and the span is 31m in maximum, to ensuring the structure stability during the construction is very important. (4) The section is located in urban area with very busy traffic, the construction could greatly affect the safety of the adjacent buildings and road traffic. Aiming at the above key points, this study obtianed following achievements:
·Numerical modeling was carried out by using the finite differential method for various structural types, based on the existed exploration and design information. The modeling showed that (1) the design of the underground continuous walls, beams and plates can meet the stability requirement. (2) as it is shallow and the structure is compressed by the soil pressure, the structure tends to be up floating and floating-resistence beam is necessary. (3) Part of the strutures may not be stable only with underground continuous walls and plates and lateral steel support is suggested. (4) Some sections are cut in pillars which could affect the structure stability and lateral steel support is suggested.
·By tracing the construction and analysing the difficulties met, a set of cover and cut up down tunneling technology in long subway sections has been proposed including the construction of underground continuous walls, structure joint skills, dewatering and drainage, and the construction technology of hole-drilling grouting piles.
·This study developed a real-time monitoring and warning system for super long city subway sections at the first time in China. It summarised the difficulties encountered during the development and aspects needing further improvement in order to provide useful reference to future works.
●根据勘测设计资料,针对区间内二层二跨结构、三层四跨结构及削柱结构标准断面,按照实际施工顺序进行了有限差分法分析。分析结果表明：(1)地下连续墙、梁及板组成的框架结构能满足结构稳定性要求；(2)由于此段埋深较浅,受两侧土体挤压,结构趋于上浮,因此必须增设抗浮梁；(3)部分结构部位光靠地下连续墙及板结构很难满足水平稳定性要求,建议加设横向钢支撑；(4)部分断面存在的三层四跨结构削柱现象可能影响结构稳定性,建议增设横支撑加以保护。
●通过现场施工跟踪,结合施工中遇到的实际问题,提炼出了一套包括地下连续墙施工艺、结构连接工艺、降排水工艺及钻孔灌注桩施工工艺的超长地铁区间的盖挖逆筑法施工工艺。
●本研究首次在国内超长城市地铁盖挖区间开发了远程无线实时监测预报预警系统。总结出开发过程中遇到的困难及软硬件方面待改善的方面,以期在今后的研究中进一步完善。
The Shang-Xia Shuijing subway section of Shenzhen Metro Line 5 has several important and difficult points:(1) the section is 1091m long, the longgest section with cover and cut up down tunneling. Whether the tunneling method can be successful is unsure. (2) The ground water level is high and geology is poor, which makes the water-proof very diificult. (3) The pit is 26m deep and the span is 31m in maximum, to ensuring the structure stability during the construction is very important. (4) The section is located in urban area with very busy traffic, the construction could greatly affect the safety of the adjacent buildings and road traffic. Aiming at the above key points, this study obtianed following achievements:
·Numerical modeling was carried out by using the finite differential method for various structural types, based on the existed exploration and design information. The modeling showed that (1) the design of the underground continuous walls, beams and plates can meet the stability requirement. (2) as it is shallow and the structure is compressed by the soil pressure, the structure tends to be up floating and floating-resistence beam is necessary. (3) Part of the strutures may not be stable only with underground continuous walls and plates and lateral steel support is suggested. (4) Some sections are cut in pillars which could affect the structure stability and lateral steel support is suggested.
·By tracing the construction and analysing the difficulties met, a set of cover and cut up down tunneling technology in long subway sections has been proposed including the construction of underground continuous walls, structure joint skills, dewatering and drainage, and the construction technology of hole-drilling grouting piles.
·This study developed a real-time monitoring and warning system for super long city subway sections at the first time in China. It summarised the difficulties encountered during the development and aspects needing further improvement in order to provide useful reference to future works.
引文
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