难选铅锌矿无氰分离工艺研究
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摘要
铅锌多金属硫化矿组成极其复杂,其有价组分的含量波动较大,构造复杂多样,嵌布粒度变化范围大,对该类矿石的分选研究一直是有色金属选矿的重要领域。我国铅锌多金属硫化矿资源丰富,随着铅锌矿资源的日益贫乏,针对该类矿石的技术开发与研究具有广泛的意义。
本文以银山矿北山矿区难选铅锌矿为研究对象进行铅锌矿物的浮选分离工艺研究,通过工艺矿物学的分析研究结果表明,矿石嵌布粒度比较细,泥化比较严重,氧化率比较高,属于难选铅锌矿石。针对北山矿石的这一性质特点,采用铅锌依次优先浮选流程,通过在磨机中添加硫化钠,在浮选槽中加入水玻璃,较好地消弱了Pb2+对锌矿物的活化和矿泥对浮选的干扰;以硫酸锌+亚硫酸钠作为闪锌矿的抑制剂,在弱碱矿浆条件下实现了铅锌矿物的无氰分离。此外,在铅精选时,采用石灰+硫酸锌组合抑制剂,既有效地克服了“掉槽”现象,又强化了对黄铁矿的抑制。
以丁铵黑药+乙基黄药作为铅矿物的捕收剂,由于药剂的“协同效应”,获得了较满意的试验指标,小型闭路试验结果为:铅精矿品位51.50%,回收率为71.67%,锌精矿品位45.16%,回收率81.69%。
本文还对无氰工艺分离铅锌矿物的作用机理进行了简单分析。
The mineral constituent of polymetallic sulpHide ore is extremely complex, which content of valuable constituent is turbulent and it structure is diverse and complex, disseminated extent have large variation range. This kind of ore selective table study always lies in the important fields of non-ferrous metal processing. Lead-zinc polymetallic sulpHide ore resources abound in our country, along with the resources of lead zinc ore lacking day by day, for the technology development and research of this kind of ore have wider implications.
This paper make Yinshan Beishan mining area refractory ore for subject investigated to study the flotation separation technology of lead zinc ore. Through the analytical study of mineralogical technology indicated, the ore dressing have a lot of trouble, because of the complexity nature of lead zinc ore, the fine disseminated extent and severe argillization and high oxidation. According to the nature and characters of Beishan ore, adoptting preferential flotation one by one, adding sodium sulfide in mill and adding soluble glass in flotation cell which slacking down the activation of zinc ore and pulp interfere flotationby Pb2+.Under the condition of low alkali to realize the non- cyanogen separation, zinc sulpHate+sodium sulfite is used for the depressant of zinc blende. Furthermore, using the lime+ zinc sulfate assemble medicine in lead cleaning, it effectively overcome the pHenomenon of droppping solt and strengthen the inhibition of pyrite.
Make butyl amine aerofloat +ethyl PAX for the minerals Dioscorea collector,because of the result of" synergy of PHarmacy", we can achieve satisfactory test targets, in the small scale of close circuit laboratory test, obtained index as follows:lead concentrate grade is 54.50%, coefficient of recovery is 77.66%,zinc concentrate grade is 49.60%, coefficient of recovery is 87.50%.
This paper also made a brief analysis for the mechanism of action in lead zinc ore non- cyanogen separation.
本文以银山矿北山矿区难选铅锌矿为研究对象进行铅锌矿物的浮选分离工艺研究,通过工艺矿物学的分析研究结果表明,矿石嵌布粒度比较细,泥化比较严重,氧化率比较高,属于难选铅锌矿石。针对北山矿石的这一性质特点,采用铅锌依次优先浮选流程,通过在磨机中添加硫化钠,在浮选槽中加入水玻璃,较好地消弱了Pb2+对锌矿物的活化和矿泥对浮选的干扰;以硫酸锌+亚硫酸钠作为闪锌矿的抑制剂,在弱碱矿浆条件下实现了铅锌矿物的无氰分离。此外,在铅精选时,采用石灰+硫酸锌组合抑制剂,既有效地克服了“掉槽”现象,又强化了对黄铁矿的抑制。
以丁铵黑药+乙基黄药作为铅矿物的捕收剂,由于药剂的“协同效应”,获得了较满意的试验指标,小型闭路试验结果为:铅精矿品位51.50%,回收率为71.67%,锌精矿品位45.16%,回收率81.69%。
本文还对无氰工艺分离铅锌矿物的作用机理进行了简单分析。
The mineral constituent of polymetallic sulpHide ore is extremely complex, which content of valuable constituent is turbulent and it structure is diverse and complex, disseminated extent have large variation range. This kind of ore selective table study always lies in the important fields of non-ferrous metal processing. Lead-zinc polymetallic sulpHide ore resources abound in our country, along with the resources of lead zinc ore lacking day by day, for the technology development and research of this kind of ore have wider implications.
This paper make Yinshan Beishan mining area refractory ore for subject investigated to study the flotation separation technology of lead zinc ore. Through the analytical study of mineralogical technology indicated, the ore dressing have a lot of trouble, because of the complexity nature of lead zinc ore, the fine disseminated extent and severe argillization and high oxidation. According to the nature and characters of Beishan ore, adoptting preferential flotation one by one, adding sodium sulfide in mill and adding soluble glass in flotation cell which slacking down the activation of zinc ore and pulp interfere flotationby Pb2+.Under the condition of low alkali to realize the non- cyanogen separation, zinc sulpHate+sodium sulfite is used for the depressant of zinc blende. Furthermore, using the lime+ zinc sulfate assemble medicine in lead cleaning, it effectively overcome the pHenomenon of droppping solt and strengthen the inhibition of pyrite.
Make butyl amine aerofloat +ethyl PAX for the minerals Dioscorea collector,because of the result of" synergy of PHarmacy", we can achieve satisfactory test targets, in the small scale of close circuit laboratory test, obtained index as follows:lead concentrate grade is 54.50%, coefficient of recovery is 77.66%,zinc concentrate grade is 49.60%, coefficient of recovery is 87.50%.
This paper also made a brief analysis for the mechanism of action in lead zinc ore non- cyanogen separation.
引文
[1]雷力,周兴龙,文书明等.我国铅锌矿资源特点及开发利用现状[J].矿业快报.2007.9
[2]随启发.内蒙古某铅锌矿区物探评价模型及应用[J].矿业快报,2007.5.
[3]葛振华.我国铅锌资源现状及未来的供需形势[J].世界有色金属2003.9.
[4]许春富.澜沧难选富银铅锌矿选矿试验研究[M].
[5]方振鹏,戴晶平,胡岳华等.捕收剂对铅锌硫化矿浮选的影响及在矿浆中的浓度分析[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(5):45～49
[6]叶雪均,刘智林,谭厚初.低碱度下组合抑制剂对铅铁硫化矿的抑制性能及作用机理[J].南方冶金学院学报,2004,(2):1～5
[7] Pecina-Trevino E.T,etal.On the sodium-diisobutyl dithiopHospHinate (AeropHine 3418A) interaction with activated and unactivated galena and pyrite[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2003,71(1～4):201～217
[8] Porento Mika et al.The adsorption interaction kf anionic sulfhydryl collectors on different PbS (100) surface site[J].Surface Science,2003,539(1～3):137~144
[9] Piantadosi C,et al.Statistical comparison of surface species in flotation concentrates and tails from TOF-SIMS evidence[J].Minerals Engineering,2000,13 (13):1377~1394
[10] Nowak P,et al.Flotation related X-ray pHotoelectron spectroscopy study of the oxidation of galena surface [J].Colloids and Surfaces A:PHysicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2000,161(3):447～460
[11] Shen W Z,et al.Flotation of spHalerite and pyrite in the presence of sodium sulfite[J].Int.J.Miner,Precess 2001,63:17～18
[12] G.布鲁特等.双黄药在黄铁矿浮选中的的作用:可溶性、吸附研究、Eh和FTIR测定[J].国外金属矿选矿,2002,(12):17～21(43)
[13] El-Shall HE,etal.Role of zinc sulfate in depression of lead-activated pHalerite[J].Int.J.Miner.Process,2000,58:67～75
[14]顾帼华,王淀佐,刘如意.硫化矿原生电位浮选体系中的迦伐尼电偶及其浮选意义[J].中国矿业,2000,(3):48～52
[15] Gu Guohua,et al.Original potential flotation of galena and its industrial application[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology (English Edition),2002,9(2):91～94
[16] Gu Guohua,et al.Potential control flotation of galena in strong alkaline media[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology (English Edition),2002,9(1):16～20
[17] Uribe-Salas A.et al.Metallurgical improvement of a lead /copper flotation stage by pulp potential control [J].International Journal of Mineral Processing ,2000,1(59):69～83
[18] R.k.拉斯等.天然多糖与某些硫化矿物作用的表面化学研究[J].国外金属矿选矿,2001,(4):36～39
[19]孙伟,胡岳华,邱冠周等.闪锌矿(110)表面离子吸附的动力学模拟[J].中国有色金属学报,2002:(1):187～190
[20] Huerta-Cerdan A,et al.Cyclic voltammetry and dielectric studies on PbS-potassium ethyl xanthate dextrine system under flotation and depression conditions[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,143~144(1):23～27
[21]顾帼华,胡岳华,徐竞等.方铅矿原生电位浮选及应用[J].矿冶工程,2002,(4):30～32
[22]张笃等.凡口矿铅浮选特性研究与流程改进实践[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(6):1～4
[23]宣道中.铅锌快速优先、中矿细磨混选-新四产品工艺流程研究与评述[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(2):10~16
[24]孙水裕,刘如意.电位调控浮选技术选别南京铅锌银矿的实验室研究和生产实践[J].广东工业大学学报,2000,(3):1～5
[25]缪建成,王方汉,刘如意等.南京铅锌银矿电位调控浮选的研究与应用[J].有色金属(选矿部分)2000,(1):5～8
[26]浦家杨. [J].国外金属矿,1995.5
[27]松原宽,四元毅弘等.用硫酸化—浮选法进行铜铅分离[J].国外金属矿选矿,1985.7
[28]王光闾译。矿石浮选中电化学法准备矿浆和用水的理论基础及工业应用[J].国外金属矿选矿,1985.10
[29]孙水裕,王淀佐,李柏淡.硫化矿电化学调控浮选的行为及机理研究[C].第二届中国青年选矿学术会议论文集,1991.12
[30]选矿手册,第八卷,第一分册,北京:冶金工业出版社,1989年10月
[31] WZ申等.亚硫酸钠存在时闪锌矿和黄铁矿的浮选[J].国外金属矿选矿,2003,11:23～27
[32]邱廷省,方夕辉,罗仙平等.南方冶金学院学报[J].2000.4
[33]罗仙平,邱廷省,胡玖林等.某复杂硫化矿选矿工艺试验研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2003,4:1～4
[34]黄礼煌,吴观寿等.乐昌铅锌矿铅锌硫浮选分离新工艺研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分).2000,2:1～4
[35]胡家菊.多金属硫化矿铜锌硫无氰分离试验研究[J].地质实验室,1999,15卷(4):273～276
[36]龚焕高等.[J].国外金属矿选矿,1988,5:24
[37]宣道中,刘侦德,戴晶平等.凡口铅锌矿分选工艺发展三十年[J].有色金属.1998年增刊.
[38] Bulatov.[J].Complex Sulfides Processing of Ores, Conceutrates,and By-products,1985, pp:102～133
[39]张剑锋,胡岳华等.浮选有机抑制剂研究的进展[J].有色矿冶,2000(2):14～17
[40]罗仙平,何丽萍,周晓文等.浮选动力学研究进展[J].金属矿山2008.4
[41]杨松荣.分支浮选的浮选动力学浅析[J].有色矿山1989.5.
[42]邱显杨,李松平,邓海波等.菱锌矿加温硫化浮选动力学研究[J].有色金属2007.1.
[43]杨松荣,夏菊芳.浮选回路配置的浮选动力学探讨[J].有色矿山2001.
[44] S.G.Salamy .J.G.Nixon.The application of electrochemical methods to flotatio~t research[A].Recent Developments inMineral dressing.Institution of Mining and Metallurgy.London.1953:503～516.
[45]冯其明.硫化矿物浮选电化学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社.1992.
[46]赵军伟,姚卫红,王虎等.硫化矿浮选电化学研究现状[J]矿产保护与利用2003,(4):
[47]王淀佐.浮选理论的新进展[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.79～147
[48]孙水裕.硫化矿浮选的电化学调控及无捕收剂浮选[D].长沙:中南工业1990.
[49] R.woods.硫化矿浮选电化学[J].国外金属矿选矿,1993。(4):1～28.
[50] N.P.Finkelstein.Mineral Sci.Engng.[J],1977,(4):177.
[2]随启发.内蒙古某铅锌矿区物探评价模型及应用[J].矿业快报,2007.5.
[3]葛振华.我国铅锌资源现状及未来的供需形势[J].世界有色金属2003.9.
[4]许春富.澜沧难选富银铅锌矿选矿试验研究[M].
[5]方振鹏,戴晶平,胡岳华等.捕收剂对铅锌硫化矿浮选的影响及在矿浆中的浓度分析[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(5):45～49
[6]叶雪均,刘智林,谭厚初.低碱度下组合抑制剂对铅铁硫化矿的抑制性能及作用机理[J].南方冶金学院学报,2004,(2):1～5
[7] Pecina-Trevino E.T,etal.On the sodium-diisobutyl dithiopHospHinate (AeropHine 3418A) interaction with activated and unactivated galena and pyrite[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2003,71(1～4):201～217
[8] Porento Mika et al.The adsorption interaction kf anionic sulfhydryl collectors on different PbS (100) surface site[J].Surface Science,2003,539(1～3):137~144
[9] Piantadosi C,et al.Statistical comparison of surface species in flotation concentrates and tails from TOF-SIMS evidence[J].Minerals Engineering,2000,13 (13):1377~1394
[10] Nowak P,et al.Flotation related X-ray pHotoelectron spectroscopy study of the oxidation of galena surface [J].Colloids and Surfaces A:PHysicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2000,161(3):447～460
[11] Shen W Z,et al.Flotation of spHalerite and pyrite in the presence of sodium sulfite[J].Int.J.Miner,Precess 2001,63:17～18
[12] G.布鲁特等.双黄药在黄铁矿浮选中的的作用:可溶性、吸附研究、Eh和FTIR测定[J].国外金属矿选矿,2002,(12):17～21(43)
[13] El-Shall HE,etal.Role of zinc sulfate in depression of lead-activated pHalerite[J].Int.J.Miner.Process,2000,58:67～75
[14]顾帼华,王淀佐,刘如意.硫化矿原生电位浮选体系中的迦伐尼电偶及其浮选意义[J].中国矿业,2000,(3):48～52
[15] Gu Guohua,et al.Original potential flotation of galena and its industrial application[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology (English Edition),2002,9(2):91～94
[16] Gu Guohua,et al.Potential control flotation of galena in strong alkaline media[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology (English Edition),2002,9(1):16～20
[17] Uribe-Salas A.et al.Metallurgical improvement of a lead /copper flotation stage by pulp potential control [J].International Journal of Mineral Processing ,2000,1(59):69～83
[18] R.k.拉斯等.天然多糖与某些硫化矿物作用的表面化学研究[J].国外金属矿选矿,2001,(4):36～39
[19]孙伟,胡岳华,邱冠周等.闪锌矿(110)表面离子吸附的动力学模拟[J].中国有色金属学报,2002:(1):187～190
[20] Huerta-Cerdan A,et al.Cyclic voltammetry and dielectric studies on PbS-potassium ethyl xanthate dextrine system under flotation and depression conditions[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,143~144(1):23～27
[21]顾帼华,胡岳华,徐竞等.方铅矿原生电位浮选及应用[J].矿冶工程,2002,(4):30～32
[22]张笃等.凡口矿铅浮选特性研究与流程改进实践[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(6):1～4
[23]宣道中.铅锌快速优先、中矿细磨混选-新四产品工艺流程研究与评述[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2004,(2):10~16
[24]孙水裕,刘如意.电位调控浮选技术选别南京铅锌银矿的实验室研究和生产实践[J].广东工业大学学报,2000,(3):1～5
[25]缪建成,王方汉,刘如意等.南京铅锌银矿电位调控浮选的研究与应用[J].有色金属(选矿部分)2000,(1):5～8
[26]浦家杨. [J].国外金属矿,1995.5
[27]松原宽,四元毅弘等.用硫酸化—浮选法进行铜铅分离[J].国外金属矿选矿,1985.7
[28]王光闾译。矿石浮选中电化学法准备矿浆和用水的理论基础及工业应用[J].国外金属矿选矿,1985.10
[29]孙水裕,王淀佐,李柏淡.硫化矿电化学调控浮选的行为及机理研究[C].第二届中国青年选矿学术会议论文集,1991.12
[30]选矿手册,第八卷,第一分册,北京:冶金工业出版社,1989年10月
[31] WZ申等.亚硫酸钠存在时闪锌矿和黄铁矿的浮选[J].国外金属矿选矿,2003,11:23～27
[32]邱廷省,方夕辉,罗仙平等.南方冶金学院学报[J].2000.4
[33]罗仙平,邱廷省,胡玖林等.某复杂硫化矿选矿工艺试验研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2003,4:1～4
[34]黄礼煌,吴观寿等.乐昌铅锌矿铅锌硫浮选分离新工艺研究[J].有色金属(选矿部分).2000,2:1～4
[35]胡家菊.多金属硫化矿铜锌硫无氰分离试验研究[J].地质实验室,1999,15卷(4):273～276
[36]龚焕高等.[J].国外金属矿选矿,1988,5:24
[37]宣道中,刘侦德,戴晶平等.凡口铅锌矿分选工艺发展三十年[J].有色金属.1998年增刊.
[38] Bulatov.[J].Complex Sulfides Processing of Ores, Conceutrates,and By-products,1985, pp:102～133
[39]张剑锋,胡岳华等.浮选有机抑制剂研究的进展[J].有色矿冶,2000(2):14～17
[40]罗仙平,何丽萍,周晓文等.浮选动力学研究进展[J].金属矿山2008.4
[41]杨松荣.分支浮选的浮选动力学浅析[J].有色矿山1989.5.
[42]邱显杨,李松平,邓海波等.菱锌矿加温硫化浮选动力学研究[J].有色金属2007.1.
[43]杨松荣,夏菊芳.浮选回路配置的浮选动力学探讨[J].有色矿山2001.
[44] S.G.Salamy .J.G.Nixon.The application of electrochemical methods to flotatio~t research[A].Recent Developments inMineral dressing.Institution of Mining and Metallurgy.London.1953:503～516.
[45]冯其明.硫化矿物浮选电化学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社.1992.
[46]赵军伟,姚卫红,王虎等.硫化矿浮选电化学研究现状[J]矿产保护与利用2003,(4):
[47]王淀佐.浮选理论的新进展[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.79～147
[48]孙水裕.硫化矿浮选的电化学调控及无捕收剂浮选[D].长沙:中南工业1990.
[49] R.woods.硫化矿浮选电化学[J].国外金属矿选矿,1993。(4):1～28.
[50] N.P.Finkelstein.Mineral Sci.Engng.[J],1977,(4):177.