基于WWW的虚拟实验系统的研究与实现
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摘要
本论文是在研究远程教学系统的基础上，针对其实验环节的薄弱性进行研究，运用虚拟现实技术设计实现了一套适合远程网络教学的虚拟实验系统。
本论文从网上虚拟实验系统的总体设计出发，提出了虚拟实验系统的组成模块。从研究虚拟场景的构建和用户对虚拟场景的交互技术出发，提出了对该系统的建模分类及建模方法。在运动建模中，提出了一种用来描述物体运动现象的方法，即用纹理映射法来描述物体的碰撞响应。以物理学实验为研究对象，对几种典型的物理现象进行建模，并提出了碰撞检测的算法。同时，在对交互性深入研究的基础上，提出了采用VRML和JAVA相结合，满足了用户对虚拟实验的交互要求。
该虚拟实验系统以三维建模语言VRML为核心，综合运用JAVA、Javascript和WEB技术，具有较强的先进性、实用性及跨平台性等特点，它弥补了网络教学中实验课的不足，是对传统远程网络教学的一个突破，具有一定的实用价值。
On the basis of the study of remote education system, and aim at the weakness of its experiment link, the paper designs and realizes a virtue experiment system adapt to remote network education using virtue reality technique.
From the collectivity design of the virtual experiment system based on internet, the paper proposes the composing module. From the study of the construction of virtue scene and the interactive technique of the user to the virtual scene, the paper proposes the modeling sort and modeling method of the system. In the movement modeling, the paper proposes a method used as describing the phenomenon of object movement, that is, using texture mapping method to describe the collision response of object. On the basis of using the physics experiment as study object, builds the modeling of a few of typical physical phenomenon, and proposes the arithmetic of collision measure. At the same time, on the basis of studying the interactive thoroughly, the paper proposes that make VRML and JAVA band together, fulfills the user's interactive appeal to the virtual experiment.
The virtual experiment system make the three- dimension modeling language VRML as the core, using JAVA, javascript and WEB technique synthetically, it has doughtily advanced capability, practicability, and multi-flat roof ability and so on, it makes up the insufficiency of the experiment curricula in the network education, and it is a breakthrough of traditional remote network education, and has a certain extent utility value.
本论文从网上虚拟实验系统的总体设计出发，提出了虚拟实验系统的组成模块。从研究虚拟场景的构建和用户对虚拟场景的交互技术出发，提出了对该系统的建模分类及建模方法。在运动建模中，提出了一种用来描述物体运动现象的方法，即用纹理映射法来描述物体的碰撞响应。以物理学实验为研究对象，对几种典型的物理现象进行建模，并提出了碰撞检测的算法。同时，在对交互性深入研究的基础上，提出了采用VRML和JAVA相结合，满足了用户对虚拟实验的交互要求。
该虚拟实验系统以三维建模语言VRML为核心，综合运用JAVA、Javascript和WEB技术，具有较强的先进性、实用性及跨平台性等特点，它弥补了网络教学中实验课的不足，是对传统远程网络教学的一个突破，具有一定的实用价值。
On the basis of the study of remote education system, and aim at the weakness of its experiment link, the paper designs and realizes a virtue experiment system adapt to remote network education using virtue reality technique.
From the collectivity design of the virtual experiment system based on internet, the paper proposes the composing module. From the study of the construction of virtue scene and the interactive technique of the user to the virtual scene, the paper proposes the modeling sort and modeling method of the system. In the movement modeling, the paper proposes a method used as describing the phenomenon of object movement, that is, using texture mapping method to describe the collision response of object. On the basis of using the physics experiment as study object, builds the modeling of a few of typical physical phenomenon, and proposes the arithmetic of collision measure. At the same time, on the basis of studying the interactive thoroughly, the paper proposes that make VRML and JAVA band together, fulfills the user's interactive appeal to the virtual experiment.
The virtual experiment system make the three- dimension modeling language VRML as the core, using JAVA, javascript and WEB technique synthetically, it has doughtily advanced capability, practicability, and multi-flat roof ability and so on, it makes up the insufficiency of the experiment curricula in the network education, and it is a breakthrough of traditional remote network education, and has a certain extent utility value.
引文
1. Earnshaw, R., Jones, H., and Gigante, M. Virtual Reality Systems. Acedemic Press. 1996, 43-45.
2. Gradecki, J. The Virtual Reality Construction Kit. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. 1994, 67-79.
3．陈华，陈福民．基于VRML的虚拟现实系统的研究，计算机工程，2001，7．
4．葛晓程等．妙用Java及VRML开发三维图形，北京：电子工业出版社，1999，30—154．
5．赛博科技工作室．VRML与Java编程技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002．235—341．
6. Gradecki, J.Virtual Reality Programmer's Kit. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 1994, 12-45.
7. Thalmann, N. and Thalmann, D. Creating and Animating the Virtual World New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag. 1992, 34-46.
8. Thalmann, N. and Thalmann, D. Virtual Worlds and Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 1993, 132-145.
9. Warwick, K., Gray, J. and Roberts, D.Virtual Reality in Engineering. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. 1993.
10．张茂军．虚拟现实系统，北京：科学出版社，2002，61-187．
11. Watkins, C. D. and Berube, R. J. Learning Windows Programming with Virtual Reality: Fixing Your Window Pains. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc. 1995, 54-120.
12. Sings, G., Feiner, S. and Thalmann, D.Virtual Reality Software and Technology: Proceedings of the Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, Inc. 1994,67-89.
13. Warnich, K.Virtual Reality in Education. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. 1993.
14. Wilson, J.R., D'Cruz, M.D., Cobb, S.V.G. and Eastgate, R.M. Virtual Reality for Industrial Application: Opportunities and Limitations. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 1995, 213-254.
15．石教英．虚拟现实基础及实用算法．北京：科学技术出版社．2002，96—250．
16．王华清．基于分布式虚拟现实技术的飞行仿真系统研究，南京：南京航空航天大学，2002。
17. Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium, IEEE. IEEE Computer Society Press. 1993.
18. Los Alamitos. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. CA: IEEE Computer Society. ISSN 0272-1716.
19. Jampsan, D.Virtual Reality Research & Development: An International Directory of Projects. Westport, CT: Meckler Corporation. 1993.
20．赵沁平．DVENET分布式虚拟环境．北京：科学技术出版社．2002，154-167．
21．张晖．网上虚拟实验若干关键技术研究．杭州：浙江大学，2002．
22．黄心渊．虚拟现实技术与应用．北京。科学出版社．
23. Thompson, J. Virtual Reality Research & Applications. An International Directory of Projects. Westport, CT: Meckler Corporation. 1993.
24. Andrea L Ames, David Rnadeau, John L MoreLand. VRML Resoure Book[M]. 1997.
25. http://vrmlworks.crispen.org
26. http://www.vker.net
27. http://www.virtualrealms.com
28. http://www.sgi.com
29. http://www.smeenk.com
30. http://www.parallelgraphics.com
31. http://www.accad.ohio-state.edu
32．汪兴谦．VRML和Java编程实例讲解．北京：中国水利出版社．2002，193-201．
33．张杰．JAVA 3D交互式三维图形编程．北京：人民邮电出版社．1999年，21-192．
34．[美]Peter J．Kovach著．李晔等译．Direct3D技术内幕．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．136-154．
2. Gradecki, J. The Virtual Reality Construction Kit. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. 1994, 67-79.
3．陈华，陈福民．基于VRML的虚拟现实系统的研究，计算机工程，2001，7．
4．葛晓程等．妙用Java及VRML开发三维图形，北京：电子工业出版社，1999，30—154．
5．赛博科技工作室．VRML与Java编程技术．北京：人民邮电出版社，2002．235—341．
6. Gradecki, J.Virtual Reality Programmer's Kit. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 1994, 12-45.
7. Thalmann, N. and Thalmann, D. Creating and Animating the Virtual World New York, NY, USA: Springer-Verlag. 1992, 34-46.
8. Thalmann, N. and Thalmann, D. Virtual Worlds and Multimedia. New York, NY, USA: Wiley, 1993, 132-145.
9. Warwick, K., Gray, J. and Roberts, D.Virtual Reality in Engineering. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. 1993.
10．张茂军．虚拟现实系统，北京：科学出版社，2002，61-187．
11. Watkins, C. D. and Berube, R. J. Learning Windows Programming with Virtual Reality: Fixing Your Window Pains. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc. 1995, 54-120.
12. Sings, G., Feiner, S. and Thalmann, D.Virtual Reality Software and Technology: Proceedings of the Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, Inc. 1994,67-89.
13. Warnich, K.Virtual Reality in Education. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. 1993.
14. Wilson, J.R., D'Cruz, M.D., Cobb, S.V.G. and Eastgate, R.M. Virtual Reality for Industrial Application: Opportunities and Limitations. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 1995, 213-254.
15．石教英．虚拟现实基础及实用算法．北京：科学技术出版社．2002，96—250．
16．王华清．基于分布式虚拟现实技术的飞行仿真系统研究，南京：南京航空航天大学，2002。
17. Helsel, S. K. Virtual Reality Symposium, IEEE. IEEE Computer Society Press. 1993.
18. Los Alamitos. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. CA: IEEE Computer Society. ISSN 0272-1716.
19. Jampsan, D.Virtual Reality Research & Development: An International Directory of Projects. Westport, CT: Meckler Corporation. 1993.
20．赵沁平．DVENET分布式虚拟环境．北京：科学技术出版社．2002，154-167．
21．张晖．网上虚拟实验若干关键技术研究．杭州：浙江大学，2002．
22．黄心渊．虚拟现实技术与应用．北京。科学出版社．
23. Thompson, J. Virtual Reality Research & Applications. An International Directory of Projects. Westport, CT: Meckler Corporation. 1993.
24. Andrea L Ames, David Rnadeau, John L MoreLand. VRML Resoure Book[M]. 1997.
25. http://vrmlworks.crispen.org
26. http://www.vker.net
27. http://www.virtualrealms.com
28. http://www.sgi.com
29. http://www.smeenk.com
30. http://www.parallelgraphics.com
31. http://www.accad.ohio-state.edu
32．汪兴谦．VRML和Java编程实例讲解．北京：中国水利出版社．2002，193-201．
33．张杰．JAVA 3D交互式三维图形编程．北京：人民邮电出版社．1999年，21-192．
34．[美]Peter J．Kovach著．李晔等译．Direct3D技术内幕．北京：清华大学出版社．2001．136-154．