微观尺度下的硬盘驱动器浮动块/磁盘接触碰撞过程的理论研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术的飞速发展,极光滑表面、极小飞行高度以及超高密度是未来硬盘的发展趋势。超高密度硬盘的磁头磁盘间隙将降至5nm以下,将来甚至发展接触式头盘系统,微观尺度下的界面力和表面粗糙度对头盘系统的影响已不容忽视。
本文采用修正的Hamaker常数,推导出适合于浮动块与磁盘界面的分子作用力计算公式；然后,以双轨浮动块和ASS浮动块为例,采用数值积分方法,研究了润滑层对分子作用力与最小飞行高度之间关系；最后,采用有限体积法数值计算了楔形浮动块的气膜压力分布,研究了楔形浮动块考虑润滑层的分子间作用力与气膜力耦合后的总承载力与最小飞行高度的关系。解析结果表明：当润滑层厚度小于1nm时,润滑层能明显地减小分子作用力；当润滑层厚度大于2nm时,继续增加润滑层厚度,分子作用力减小幅度降低；润滑层在浮动块最小飞行高度小于2nm时对总承载力的影响较大。
当浮动块与磁盘碰撞时,表面粗糙度对其接触碰撞特性有一定的影响,因此本文基于统计学接触模型,假设粗糙表面微凸体高度遵循Weibull分布和Guass分布。首先根据KE模型计算上述两种分布对应的接触力、粘附力以及最大静摩擦力等接触界面力；其次,通过计算不同粗糙表面的接触界面力,发现粗糙度对浮动块与磁盘的接触界面力的影响较为显著；最后,研究了斜度、塑性指数以及粘附能对静摩擦系数的影响,研究结果显示：相同外力作用下,正斜度的静摩擦系数要比负斜度的小,塑性指数越大静摩擦系数越小,粘附能大的粗糙表面的静摩擦系数也越大。
另外,本文提出了一个浮动块与磁盘碰撞的简化模型,讨论了碰撞模型成立的假设条件,并对模型进行了受力分析。首先研究了浮动块最大位移、最大接触半径以及最大接触压力等变量随球体半径和碰撞速度的变化规律,研究发现：碰撞速度越大,球体半径越小,浮动块与磁盘的碰撞界面越容易失效；然后,根据磁盘构造,研究了磁盘薄膜层厚度对接触参数的影响,发现薄膜层厚度对浮动块与磁盘的接触碰撞影响不大,碰撞特性主要受基板材料的影响；最后,本文引入无量纲粗糙度参数来研究粗糙度对接触碰撞的影响,发现粗糙度越大,对其接触碰撞的影响也越大,粗糙度在接触面达到塑性变形之前可以有效地减缓接触碰撞严重性。
Extremely smooth surface, ultra-low flying heights and high density will be the future hard disk development trend with the rapid development of computer technology. The high density disk gap will drop to 5nm below, even will develop the touch head-disk system. It can't be neglected that interface forces and surface roughness affect the head-disk systems on the microscale.
The amended Hamaker constant is adopted and the molecular interaction formula in the head/disk interface is derived in this paper. Then, taking a double-track slider and an advanced step slider (ASS) as examples, numerical integration method is adopted to study the effect of lubricating layer on intermolecular forces. Finally, the finite volume method is used to calculate the air bearing force for the wedge-type slider. The relationship of total air bearing force including intermolecular force considering lubricating layer and minimum flying height is studied. It is found that the lubricating layer can significantly reduce the intermolecular force when the thickness of the lubricating layer is less than 1nm. The reduction of intermolecular force is slow by continuing to increase the lubricating layer thickness when lubricating layer is thicker than 2nm. It is found that the total air bearing force is greatly affected by lubricating layer thickness when the slider flying height is less than 2nm.
When the collision happen between slider and disk, surface roughness have a certain effect on its contact collision characteristics, so based on statistical contact models, the rough surface heights follow a Weibull distribution or a Guass distribution. First, following KE model, the interface forces corresponded to above two distributions including the contact force, adhesion force and maximum static friction force have been calculated. Second, through calculation interface forces of different cases rough surfaces, it has found that the effect of the roughness on interface forces is significant. Finally, It has discussed that the effect of the skewness, plasticity index and energy of adhesion on static friction coefficient, It has been found that the static friction coefficient corresponding to positive skewness is small than that of negative skewness with the same applied force. The more plasticity index, the smaller static friction coefficient. More cleaner interfaces have higher energy of adhesion, and its static friction coefficient has a higher values.
Additionally, the simplified collision model between slider and disk has been proposed in the present paper, discussed the assumption that the collision model have to follow conditions, and stress of the model is analyzed and calculated. First of all, it is researched that the variation of the slider's maximum displacement, maximum contact radius and maximum contact stress with sphere radius and the impact velocity, it is found that the higher impact velocity and the smaller sphere radius, the interface has became more easily failure. Second, based on the magnetic thin-film disk configuration, the effect of the disk layer thickness on impact variables has been studied, it is found that its effect is modest. However, the collision characteristics is mainly affected by the influence of disk substrate. Ultimately, a single non-dimensional parameter has been introduced to gauge the influence of surface roughness on the impact. It is found that when the roughness becomes larger, the impact influence is larger. Before the surface plastic deformation, roughness can effectively slowed contact collision severity.
本文采用修正的Hamaker常数,推导出适合于浮动块与磁盘界面的分子作用力计算公式；然后,以双轨浮动块和ASS浮动块为例,采用数值积分方法,研究了润滑层对分子作用力与最小飞行高度之间关系；最后,采用有限体积法数值计算了楔形浮动块的气膜压力分布,研究了楔形浮动块考虑润滑层的分子间作用力与气膜力耦合后的总承载力与最小飞行高度的关系。解析结果表明：当润滑层厚度小于1nm时,润滑层能明显地减小分子作用力；当润滑层厚度大于2nm时,继续增加润滑层厚度,分子作用力减小幅度降低；润滑层在浮动块最小飞行高度小于2nm时对总承载力的影响较大。
当浮动块与磁盘碰撞时,表面粗糙度对其接触碰撞特性有一定的影响,因此本文基于统计学接触模型,假设粗糙表面微凸体高度遵循Weibull分布和Guass分布。首先根据KE模型计算上述两种分布对应的接触力、粘附力以及最大静摩擦力等接触界面力；其次,通过计算不同粗糙表面的接触界面力,发现粗糙度对浮动块与磁盘的接触界面力的影响较为显著；最后,研究了斜度、塑性指数以及粘附能对静摩擦系数的影响,研究结果显示：相同外力作用下,正斜度的静摩擦系数要比负斜度的小,塑性指数越大静摩擦系数越小,粘附能大的粗糙表面的静摩擦系数也越大。
另外,本文提出了一个浮动块与磁盘碰撞的简化模型,讨论了碰撞模型成立的假设条件,并对模型进行了受力分析。首先研究了浮动块最大位移、最大接触半径以及最大接触压力等变量随球体半径和碰撞速度的变化规律,研究发现：碰撞速度越大,球体半径越小,浮动块与磁盘的碰撞界面越容易失效；然后,根据磁盘构造,研究了磁盘薄膜层厚度对接触参数的影响,发现薄膜层厚度对浮动块与磁盘的接触碰撞影响不大,碰撞特性主要受基板材料的影响；最后,本文引入无量纲粗糙度参数来研究粗糙度对接触碰撞的影响,发现粗糙度越大,对其接触碰撞的影响也越大,粗糙度在接触面达到塑性变形之前可以有效地减缓接触碰撞严重性。
Extremely smooth surface, ultra-low flying heights and high density will be the future hard disk development trend with the rapid development of computer technology. The high density disk gap will drop to 5nm below, even will develop the touch head-disk system. It can't be neglected that interface forces and surface roughness affect the head-disk systems on the microscale.
The amended Hamaker constant is adopted and the molecular interaction formula in the head/disk interface is derived in this paper. Then, taking a double-track slider and an advanced step slider (ASS) as examples, numerical integration method is adopted to study the effect of lubricating layer on intermolecular forces. Finally, the finite volume method is used to calculate the air bearing force for the wedge-type slider. The relationship of total air bearing force including intermolecular force considering lubricating layer and minimum flying height is studied. It is found that the lubricating layer can significantly reduce the intermolecular force when the thickness of the lubricating layer is less than 1nm. The reduction of intermolecular force is slow by continuing to increase the lubricating layer thickness when lubricating layer is thicker than 2nm. It is found that the total air bearing force is greatly affected by lubricating layer thickness when the slider flying height is less than 2nm.
When the collision happen between slider and disk, surface roughness have a certain effect on its contact collision characteristics, so based on statistical contact models, the rough surface heights follow a Weibull distribution or a Guass distribution. First, following KE model, the interface forces corresponded to above two distributions including the contact force, adhesion force and maximum static friction force have been calculated. Second, through calculation interface forces of different cases rough surfaces, it has found that the effect of the roughness on interface forces is significant. Finally, It has discussed that the effect of the skewness, plasticity index and energy of adhesion on static friction coefficient, It has been found that the static friction coefficient corresponding to positive skewness is small than that of negative skewness with the same applied force. The more plasticity index, the smaller static friction coefficient. More cleaner interfaces have higher energy of adhesion, and its static friction coefficient has a higher values.
Additionally, the simplified collision model between slider and disk has been proposed in the present paper, discussed the assumption that the collision model have to follow conditions, and stress of the model is analyzed and calculated. First of all, it is researched that the variation of the slider's maximum displacement, maximum contact radius and maximum contact stress with sphere radius and the impact velocity, it is found that the higher impact velocity and the smaller sphere radius, the interface has became more easily failure. Second, based on the magnetic thin-film disk configuration, the effect of the disk layer thickness on impact variables has been studied, it is found that its effect is modest. However, the collision characteristics is mainly affected by the influence of disk substrate. Ultimately, a single non-dimensional parameter has been introduced to gauge the influence of surface roughness on the impact. It is found that when the roughness becomes larger, the impact influence is larger. Before the surface plastic deformation, roughness can effectively slowed contact collision severity.
引文
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