磁流体倾斜角传感器的实验研究
摘要
磁流体就是一种胶体，其中包含有均匀分布的强铁磁性微粒。它还是一种比较新型的功能材料，有着一些共同的性质，比如十分稳定、超顺磁性等。在NASA发现它以后，它已在许多领域中，包括电气、机械、物理化学等，发挥了很大的作用，而这仅仅是初步的应用。
传感器是测量和自控的首要环节，广泛的应用于各行各业。它主要用于转换非电信号为电信号，以利于计算机来处理。
而磁流体和传感器的结合，是一个新的研究方向。它可以用来测量斜面的倾斜角，兼可以测量加速度。磁流体倾斜角传感器的研究还处于初级阶段。在国外，也只在几年前才刚刚开始相关的研究，国内还是空白。所以，我们做的工作都是创新性的初始工作。
研究的目的是初步制作一个新型的传感器，主要的功能是测量斜面的倾斜角。由于是应用了新型材料，对比老式的传感器有了很多的优点。这尤其在精确性和抗震能力上有了突出的表现。这些优良的特性适合了一些特殊的部门，比如汽车、造船、军事等行业的特殊需要。
这种传感器的原理与变压器很相似，也是依靠电磁感应来实现的。它的组成主要是一个试管，四个线圈，和在试管中的磁流体。变压器的一次绕组就是试管上的外层线圈，二次绕组为内层线圈，试管中的磁流体就是变压器的可变铁心了，这么说是因为作为液体的磁流体在测量范围内可随着倾斜角作线性的变化。
在实验中发现，影响磁流体倾斜角传感器的精度的最主要的因素是一次和二次线圈的相对位置。这就需要在每次测量前，都要进行调节零位。
结论是：试验取得了较为理想的结果，工作是成功的。
Magnetic fluid is a kind of colloid which contain ferromagnetic granule equably in liquid . Magnetic fluid is a relatively new functional material. It has some common quality which was well equable , superparamagnetism . Since found by NASA , it showed its greater power in many areas such as electric , machine , material, physics and chemist. But this is only its preliminary usage .
Sensor , which is the first step to measure and auto-control, is widely used in many areas mainly to transfer non-electric signal to electric signal, in order to meet the need of the computer to process the signal.
The combination of the magnetic fluid and the sensor is a new way of study . This kind of sensor can be used to measure the angle of the inclined plane and the acceleration . The study of magnetic fluid inclined sensor is only on its first step . On abroad , the relative study has started several years ago , but only seen in vehicle industry . In home , that research has not found through search . So , the new topic is all innovational work .
The purpose of the work is to create a new kind of sensor that mainly function is to measure the angle of the inclined plane . Because of the use of new material, it has some new property which has clearly advantage compared to old sensors . That is obviously showed at the aspect of accuracy and anti-vibration . That excellent property meet the need of some special industry , such as automobile , vessel and military industry .
The principle of the sensor likes the transformer , depending on electromagnetic induction . Its main frame is one test tube , four windings and magnetic fluid in test tube . The outer windings act as transformer's primary winding and inner windings do as the transformer' secondary winding . The magnetic fluid in test tube substitutes iron core which can be changed followed by the angle of the inclined plane ,which is linearity . This provide the possibility to measure the angle of the inclined plane .
Found in experiment, the most important factor influencing the accuracy of the magnetic fluid inclined sensor is the relative position between the primary windings and secondary windings . Before every measuring , adjusting is necessary .
Finally , because the experiment shows the ideal results , the work is successful.
传感器是测量和自控的首要环节，广泛的应用于各行各业。它主要用于转换非电信号为电信号，以利于计算机来处理。
而磁流体和传感器的结合，是一个新的研究方向。它可以用来测量斜面的倾斜角，兼可以测量加速度。磁流体倾斜角传感器的研究还处于初级阶段。在国外，也只在几年前才刚刚开始相关的研究，国内还是空白。所以，我们做的工作都是创新性的初始工作。
研究的目的是初步制作一个新型的传感器，主要的功能是测量斜面的倾斜角。由于是应用了新型材料，对比老式的传感器有了很多的优点。这尤其在精确性和抗震能力上有了突出的表现。这些优良的特性适合了一些特殊的部门，比如汽车、造船、军事等行业的特殊需要。
这种传感器的原理与变压器很相似，也是依靠电磁感应来实现的。它的组成主要是一个试管，四个线圈，和在试管中的磁流体。变压器的一次绕组就是试管上的外层线圈，二次绕组为内层线圈，试管中的磁流体就是变压器的可变铁心了，这么说是因为作为液体的磁流体在测量范围内可随着倾斜角作线性的变化。
在实验中发现，影响磁流体倾斜角传感器的精度的最主要的因素是一次和二次线圈的相对位置。这就需要在每次测量前，都要进行调节零位。
结论是：试验取得了较为理想的结果，工作是成功的。
Magnetic fluid is a kind of colloid which contain ferromagnetic granule equably in liquid . Magnetic fluid is a relatively new functional material. It has some common quality which was well equable , superparamagnetism . Since found by NASA , it showed its greater power in many areas such as electric , machine , material, physics and chemist. But this is only its preliminary usage .
Sensor , which is the first step to measure and auto-control, is widely used in many areas mainly to transfer non-electric signal to electric signal, in order to meet the need of the computer to process the signal.
The combination of the magnetic fluid and the sensor is a new way of study . This kind of sensor can be used to measure the angle of the inclined plane and the acceleration . The study of magnetic fluid inclined sensor is only on its first step . On abroad , the relative study has started several years ago , but only seen in vehicle industry . In home , that research has not found through search . So , the new topic is all innovational work .
The purpose of the work is to create a new kind of sensor that mainly function is to measure the angle of the inclined plane . Because of the use of new material, it has some new property which has clearly advantage compared to old sensors . That is obviously showed at the aspect of accuracy and anti-vibration . That excellent property meet the need of some special industry , such as automobile , vessel and military industry .
The principle of the sensor likes the transformer , depending on electromagnetic induction . Its main frame is one test tube , four windings and magnetic fluid in test tube . The outer windings act as transformer's primary winding and inner windings do as the transformer' secondary winding . The magnetic fluid in test tube substitutes iron core which can be changed followed by the angle of the inclined plane ,which is linearity . This provide the possibility to measure the angle of the inclined plane .
Found in experiment, the most important factor influencing the accuracy of the magnetic fluid inclined sensor is the relative position between the primary windings and secondary windings . Before every measuring , adjusting is necessary .
Finally , because the experiment shows the ideal results , the work is successful.
引文
[1] Hayashi. Ikuo, ldogaki. Takaharu, Ishihara. Toshihisa, et al. Vehicle acceleration sensor applied with magnetic fluid. SAE Special Publications, Feb 1992:p1-3
[2] Fukui. Shinji, Idogaki. Takaharu, Hayashi. Ikuo, et al. Two-dimensional vehicle acceleration sensor applied with magnetic fluid SAE Technical Paper Series Sep 1992 : p2-3
[3] Bacri,J.C., Salin. D., Servais.J. Magnetic fluid sensor. Inclinometer and accelerometer International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics in materials; Dec. 1991:p3-5
[4] Y.Kamanaru, T.Fumino, J.Kanamoto, S.Notsu Characteristics of level and two axis attitude detector using magnetic fluid IEEE TRANSACTION ON MAGNETICS, VOL.MAG-23, NO.5, SEPTEMBER 1987:p2-5
[5] Cotae C., Baltag O., Olaru R., Calarasu D. et al. Study of a magnetic fluid-based sensor Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic v201 Jul 1 1999 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.p394-397 0304-8853:p2-4
[6] 施锋，吴敏．磁流体在交变磁场中的热效应．生物化学与生物物理进展，北京，1998
[7] 王化祥，张淑英．传感器原理及应用．天津：天津大学出版社，1995．p18-32
[8] 袁希光．传感器技术手册．北京：国防工业出版社，1998．p21-26
[9] 赵守忠，夏勇．传感器技术及其应用．北京：中国科学技术大学出版社，p10-23
[10] 何希才．传感器及其应用．北京：国防工业出版社，p22-31
[11] 权余永．ATMEL 89系列单片机应用技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，p22-36
[12] 李华．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，p32-46
[13] 池长青，王之珊，赵丕智．铁磁流体力学．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1323-56
[14] 公茂法 马宝普 孙晨 单片机人机接口实例集．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1922-45
[2] Fukui. Shinji, Idogaki. Takaharu, Hayashi. Ikuo, et al. Two-dimensional vehicle acceleration sensor applied with magnetic fluid SAE Technical Paper Series Sep 1992 : p2-3
[3] Bacri,J.C., Salin. D., Servais.J. Magnetic fluid sensor. Inclinometer and accelerometer International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics in materials; Dec. 1991:p3-5
[4] Y.Kamanaru, T.Fumino, J.Kanamoto, S.Notsu Characteristics of level and two axis attitude detector using magnetic fluid IEEE TRANSACTION ON MAGNETICS, VOL.MAG-23, NO.5, SEPTEMBER 1987:p2-5
[5] Cotae C., Baltag O., Olaru R., Calarasu D. et al. Study of a magnetic fluid-based sensor Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic v201 Jul 1 1999 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.p394-397 0304-8853:p2-4
[6] 施锋，吴敏．磁流体在交变磁场中的热效应．生物化学与生物物理进展，北京，1998
[7] 王化祥，张淑英．传感器原理及应用．天津：天津大学出版社，1995．p18-32
[8] 袁希光．传感器技术手册．北京：国防工业出版社，1998．p21-26
[9] 赵守忠，夏勇．传感器技术及其应用．北京：中国科学技术大学出版社，p10-23
[10] 何希才．传感器及其应用．北京：国防工业出版社，p22-31
[11] 权余永．ATMEL 89系列单片机应用技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，p22-36
[12] 李华．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，p32-46
[13] 池长青，王之珊，赵丕智．铁磁流体力学．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1323-56
[14] 公茂法 马宝普 孙晨 单片机人机接口实例集．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，1922-45