热强碱性条件下两种钢冲击腐蚀磨损的研究
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摘要
课题研究了高锰钢和中铬钢在热强碱性铝矿浆中的沖击腐蚀磨损特性，为该工况下球磨机衬板的合理选材提供依据，丰富了冲击腐蚀磨损理论，研究并改制了一台沖击腐蚀磨损试验机。
采用研制的冲击腐蚀磨损试验机和扫描电镜并借助于金电极局部阴极极化曲线，定量分析并研究了热强碱性铝矿浆介质中高锰钢和中铬钢的冲击腐蚀磨损及交互作用特性。结果表明，磨损分量在总冲击腐蚀磨损失重率中所占比例很大，纯腐蚀量所占比例很小；磨损对腐蚀有明显促进作用，磨损是造成腐蚀的主要原因；腐蚀对磨损的促进作用失重率高于纯磨损失重率并占总沖击腐蚀磨损失重率的50％以上，腐蚀对磨损的促进作用是冲击腐蚀磨损失重的主要原因。在热强碱性铝矿浆冲击腐蚀磨损条件下，中铬钢的抗磨蚀性能优于高锰钢。中铬钢比高锰钢更适宜于制造氧化铝厂球磨机衬板。
This paper studies the corrosion and wearing and tearing characteristic of high manganese steel and medium- chromium steel in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum, Ball mill welt select suitable materials basis of offering rationally for operating mode this, Assault and corrosion the wearing and tearing theory abundantly. Study and an assaults and corrosions and wears and tears the testing machine.
Apply the machine and SEM and the cure of partly polar, analysis quantity the interaction of corrosion the wearing and tearing characteristic of high manganese steel and medium- chromium steel in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum. As the result shows, the percent of wearing increase in rate of all weightlessness, on the contrary, the rate of pure corrosion decrease. Wearing will increase the ability of corrosion, and wearing is the main reason of affect the ability of corrosion. The rate of weightlessness in affection of corrosion is higher than in pure wearing, which is make up the rate that is more than 50 percent. So the effect of corrosion impulse to wearing is the main reason of weightlessness impulsive corrosion. In conclusion, the anticorrosion of medium-chromium steel is better than high manganese steel in the environment in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum. So former is more
suitable than later form the operating mode of ball mill machine offering aluminum oxide factory.
采用研制的冲击腐蚀磨损试验机和扫描电镜并借助于金电极局部阴极极化曲线，定量分析并研究了热强碱性铝矿浆介质中高锰钢和中铬钢的冲击腐蚀磨损及交互作用特性。结果表明，磨损分量在总冲击腐蚀磨损失重率中所占比例很大，纯腐蚀量所占比例很小；磨损对腐蚀有明显促进作用，磨损是造成腐蚀的主要原因；腐蚀对磨损的促进作用失重率高于纯磨损失重率并占总沖击腐蚀磨损失重率的50％以上，腐蚀对磨损的促进作用是冲击腐蚀磨损失重的主要原因。在热强碱性铝矿浆冲击腐蚀磨损条件下，中铬钢的抗磨蚀性能优于高锰钢。中铬钢比高锰钢更适宜于制造氧化铝厂球磨机衬板。
This paper studies the corrosion and wearing and tearing characteristic of high manganese steel and medium- chromium steel in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum, Ball mill welt select suitable materials basis of offering rationally for operating mode this, Assault and corrosion the wearing and tearing theory abundantly. Study and an assaults and corrosions and wears and tears the testing machine.
Apply the machine and SEM and the cure of partly polar, analysis quantity the interaction of corrosion the wearing and tearing characteristic of high manganese steel and medium- chromium steel in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum. As the result shows, the percent of wearing increase in rate of all weightlessness, on the contrary, the rate of pure corrosion decrease. Wearing will increase the ability of corrosion, and wearing is the main reason of affect the ability of corrosion. The rate of weightlessness in affection of corrosion is higher than in pure wearing, which is make up the rate that is more than 50 percent. So the effect of corrosion impulse to wearing is the main reason of weightlessness impulsive corrosion. In conclusion, the anticorrosion of medium-chromium steel is better than high manganese steel in the environment in hot strong alkaline and the ore pulp of aluminum. So former is more
suitable than later form the operating mode of ball mill machine offering aluminum oxide factory.
引文
[1] 姜晓霞，李诗卓，李曙．金属的腐蚀磨损．化学工业出版社，2003，1
[2] 刘新宽，方其先．两种不锈钢冲刷腐蚀的研究．化工机械，1998，25(1)：12～15
[3] 魏翔云，郑玉贵，张玉生等．显微组织和元素分布对铁基铸造合金耐冲刷腐蚀性能的影响．金属学报，1994，30(2)：92～96
[4] Stack M M, Stott F H and Wood G C. Review of mechanisms of erosion-corrosion of alloys at elevated temperatures.Wear, 1993,162-164:706～712
[5] Oka Y I, Matsumura M and Kawabata T. Relationship between surface hardness and erosion damage caused by solid particle impact. Wear, 1993,162-164:688～695
[6] 涂小慧，李卫，苏俊义等．研磨铝矿球磨机衬板的失效分析．机械工程材料，2000，24(4)：44～46
[7] 中国农业机械化研究院工艺研究所．国外农机具用钢和磨料磨损研究文集．1978
[8] 材料耐磨抗蚀及其表面技术丛书编委会主编．材料的磨料磨损。机械工业出版社，1990，299
[9] 刘家浚．材料磨损原理及其耐磨性．清华大学出版社，1993，196
[10] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1994，96～103
[11] 魏宝明．金属腐蚀理论及应用．化学工业出版社，1984，27～29
[12] 杨熙珍，杨武．金属腐蚀电化学热力学电位-pH图及其应用．化学工业出版社，1991，53～58
[13] Yasuda M, Fukumoto K, Koizumi H., Ogata Y and Hine F. On the active dissolution of metals and alloys in hot concentrated caustic soda. Corrosion Science.1987, 43(8): 492～498
[14] Moccari A and Macdonald D. Electrochemical screening of organic
and inorganic inhibitor for the corrosion of ASTM A-470 steel in concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.Corrosion, 1985,41(5):264～273
[15] Gancedo J R, Alonso C, Andrade C and Gracia M.AES study of the passive layer formed on iron in Saturated Ca(OH)_2 solutions. Corrosion, 1989, 145(12): 976～977
[16] Wensley D A and Charlton R S. Corrosion studies in Kraft white liquor: Potential static polarization of mild steel in caustic solutions containing sulfur species.Corrosion, 1980,36(8):385～389
[17] Yasuda M., Okada M. and Hine F.. Corrosion of carbon steel in hot NaOH solutions under heat transfer conditions.Corrosion, 1982,38(5):256～261
[18] Yasuda M., Takeya F. Hine F.. Corrosion behavior of nickel in concentrated NaOH solutions under heat transfer conditions. Corrosion, 1983, 39(10): 399～405
[19] Yasuda M., Tokunagas, Taga T. and Hine F.. Corrosion behavior of 18-8 stainless steel in hot concentrated caustic soda solutions under heat transfer conditions. Corrosion, 1985, 41(12):720～727
[20] 程骥，王桂芹．铸铁在烧碱中腐蚀行为的研究．机械工程学报，1996，32(1)：39～44
[21] 闻立昌，袁江南，沈文灏．热碱介质中阳极氧化膜对碳钢的保护作用．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1993，13(2)：110～115
[22] 刘钧泉，涂小慧，李建三等．三种铁基合金在浓碱溶液中的电化学行为．华南理工大学学报，2001，29(9)：82～85
[23] 束德林．金属力学性能．机械工业出版社，1997，158
[24] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1994，195～199
[25] 蔡泽高，刘以宽，王承忠等．金属磨损与断裂．上海交通大学出版社，1985，302～304
[26] 吴志根，闻立昌．钢在铝酸钠溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂．中国腐蚀与防
护学报，1991，11(4)：336～343
[27] Sriram R, Troman C. Stress corrosion cracking of carbon steel in caustic aluminate solutions slow strain rate studies Corrosion Science, 1985,25(2):79～91
[28] Le H H , Ghali E. The electrochemical behavior of pressure vessel steel in hot bayer solutions as related to the SCC phenomenon. Corrosion Science, 1990,30(3):117～134
[29] 刘素娥，朱自勇，柯伟．氧化铝溶出过程中压力容器用钢高温碱脆研究．腐蚀科学与防护技术，1992，4(4)：283～288
[30] 郑文龙．34CrNiMo钢在NaOH水溶液中应力腐蚀开裂机理的研究．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1983，3(1)：35～40
[31] Pourbaix M. Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions. Houston. NACE. 1974
[32] 方亮，周庆德，李耀君．从磨料运动方式研究三体磨损机理．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，136～141
[33] 仝健民．低合金耐磨钢冲击磨料磨损的研究．第六届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1992，4～8
[34] 许云华，谭宠予，周庆德．湿况下45钢冲击磨损机理的探讨．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，25～30
[35] 孙超英，朴东学．冲击载荷、高应力条件下高铬铸铁湿态腐蚀磨损特性的研究．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，52～57
[36] 姜晓霞，李诗卓，李曙．金属的腐蚀磨损．化学工业出版社，2003，12～19
[37] 孙超英，朴东学．冲击载荷、高应力条件下高铬铸铁湿态腐蚀磨损特性的研究．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，52～57
[38] Medsen B W. Measurement of erosion-corrosion synergism with a slurry wear test apparatus. Wear, 1988, 123(2): 127～142
[39] 史晋宏．腐蚀磨损影响因素及腐蚀机理研究．中国农机院研究生论
文，1984，45～47
[40] 姜晓霞，李诗卓．腐蚀磨损的交互作用．化工机械，1991，18(3)：150～154
[41] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1995，126
[42] 刘钧泉，涂小慧，李卫等．热强碱中腐蚀测定方法的研究，中国腐蚀与防护学报，2003，23(2)：116～119，123
[43] 王兆昌．耐磨的球磨机衬板设计及材料．首届全国粉磨介质与耐磨材料技术研讨会论文集，1992，602～603
[44] 武继玉．应用概率统计．航空工业出版社，1994，125～132
[2] 刘新宽，方其先．两种不锈钢冲刷腐蚀的研究．化工机械，1998，25(1)：12～15
[3] 魏翔云，郑玉贵，张玉生等．显微组织和元素分布对铁基铸造合金耐冲刷腐蚀性能的影响．金属学报，1994，30(2)：92～96
[4] Stack M M, Stott F H and Wood G C. Review of mechanisms of erosion-corrosion of alloys at elevated temperatures.Wear, 1993,162-164:706～712
[5] Oka Y I, Matsumura M and Kawabata T. Relationship between surface hardness and erosion damage caused by solid particle impact. Wear, 1993,162-164:688～695
[6] 涂小慧，李卫，苏俊义等．研磨铝矿球磨机衬板的失效分析．机械工程材料，2000，24(4)：44～46
[7] 中国农业机械化研究院工艺研究所．国外农机具用钢和磨料磨损研究文集．1978
[8] 材料耐磨抗蚀及其表面技术丛书编委会主编．材料的磨料磨损。机械工业出版社，1990，299
[9] 刘家浚．材料磨损原理及其耐磨性．清华大学出版社，1993，196
[10] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1994，96～103
[11] 魏宝明．金属腐蚀理论及应用．化学工业出版社，1984，27～29
[12] 杨熙珍，杨武．金属腐蚀电化学热力学电位-pH图及其应用．化学工业出版社，1991，53～58
[13] Yasuda M, Fukumoto K, Koizumi H., Ogata Y and Hine F. On the active dissolution of metals and alloys in hot concentrated caustic soda. Corrosion Science.1987, 43(8): 492～498
[14] Moccari A and Macdonald D. Electrochemical screening of organic
and inorganic inhibitor for the corrosion of ASTM A-470 steel in concentrated sodium hydroxide solution.Corrosion, 1985,41(5):264～273
[15] Gancedo J R, Alonso C, Andrade C and Gracia M.AES study of the passive layer formed on iron in Saturated Ca(OH)_2 solutions. Corrosion, 1989, 145(12): 976～977
[16] Wensley D A and Charlton R S. Corrosion studies in Kraft white liquor: Potential static polarization of mild steel in caustic solutions containing sulfur species.Corrosion, 1980,36(8):385～389
[17] Yasuda M., Okada M. and Hine F.. Corrosion of carbon steel in hot NaOH solutions under heat transfer conditions.Corrosion, 1982,38(5):256～261
[18] Yasuda M., Takeya F. Hine F.. Corrosion behavior of nickel in concentrated NaOH solutions under heat transfer conditions. Corrosion, 1983, 39(10): 399～405
[19] Yasuda M., Tokunagas, Taga T. and Hine F.. Corrosion behavior of 18-8 stainless steel in hot concentrated caustic soda solutions under heat transfer conditions. Corrosion, 1985, 41(12):720～727
[20] 程骥，王桂芹．铸铁在烧碱中腐蚀行为的研究．机械工程学报，1996，32(1)：39～44
[21] 闻立昌，袁江南，沈文灏．热碱介质中阳极氧化膜对碳钢的保护作用．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1993，13(2)：110～115
[22] 刘钧泉，涂小慧，李建三等．三种铁基合金在浓碱溶液中的电化学行为．华南理工大学学报，2001，29(9)：82～85
[23] 束德林．金属力学性能．机械工业出版社，1997，158
[24] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1994，195～199
[25] 蔡泽高，刘以宽，王承忠等．金属磨损与断裂．上海交通大学出版社，1985，302～304
[26] 吴志根，闻立昌．钢在铝酸钠溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂．中国腐蚀与防
护学报，1991，11(4)：336～343
[27] Sriram R, Troman C. Stress corrosion cracking of carbon steel in caustic aluminate solutions slow strain rate studies Corrosion Science, 1985,25(2):79～91
[28] Le H H , Ghali E. The electrochemical behavior of pressure vessel steel in hot bayer solutions as related to the SCC phenomenon. Corrosion Science, 1990,30(3):117～134
[29] 刘素娥，朱自勇，柯伟．氧化铝溶出过程中压力容器用钢高温碱脆研究．腐蚀科学与防护技术，1992，4(4)：283～288
[30] 郑文龙．34CrNiMo钢在NaOH水溶液中应力腐蚀开裂机理的研究．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1983，3(1)：35～40
[31] Pourbaix M. Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions. Houston. NACE. 1974
[32] 方亮，周庆德，李耀君．从磨料运动方式研究三体磨损机理．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，136～141
[33] 仝健民．低合金耐磨钢冲击磨料磨损的研究．第六届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1992，4～8
[34] 许云华，谭宠予，周庆德．湿况下45钢冲击磨损机理的探讨．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，25～30
[35] 孙超英，朴东学．冲击载荷、高应力条件下高铬铸铁湿态腐蚀磨损特性的研究．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，52～57
[36] 姜晓霞，李诗卓，李曙．金属的腐蚀磨损．化学工业出版社，2003，12～19
[37] 孙超英，朴东学．冲击载荷、高应力条件下高铬铸铁湿态腐蚀磨损特性的研究．第五届全国金属耐磨材料学术会议论文选集，1990，52～57
[38] Medsen B W. Measurement of erosion-corrosion synergism with a slurry wear test apparatus. Wear, 1988, 123(2): 127～142
[39] 史晋宏．腐蚀磨损影响因素及腐蚀机理研究．中国农机院研究生论
文，1984，45～47
[40] 姜晓霞，李诗卓．腐蚀磨损的交互作用．化工机械，1991，18(3)：150～154
[41] 陈鸿海．金属腐蚀学．北京理工大学出版社，1995，126
[42] 刘钧泉，涂小慧，李卫等．热强碱中腐蚀测定方法的研究，中国腐蚀与防护学报，2003，23(2)：116～119，123
[43] 王兆昌．耐磨的球磨机衬板设计及材料．首届全国粉磨介质与耐磨材料技术研讨会论文集，1992，602～603
[44] 武继玉．应用概率统计．航空工业出版社，1994，125～132