基于合作网络的虚拟企业构建关键问题研究
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摘要
进入二十一世纪后,经济全球化、技术进步以及客户需求的多样化和个性化使得虚拟企业这种新的组织形式逐渐得到普遍应用。一些相互独立的企业依靠信息技术组成临时联盟,其目的在于建立世界一流的竞争能力,敏捷地响应商业机会。
由于虚拟企业是建立在多个企业基础上的暂时性联盟,如何构建这种联盟以保证虚拟企业的成功运转是一个需要首先考虑的问题。为了帮助虚拟组织计划者快速、有效地建立虚拟企业,本论文对虚拟企业构建中的几个关键问题进行了深入研究。主要研究内容和相关结论包括:
(1)提出了基于合作网络的虚拟企业的合作伙伴选择方法。企业合作的历史是企业在实践中不断选择的结果,既隐藏了“优胜劣汰”的自然法则,又反映了企业的主观愿望。作者通过构建企业合作网络,从网络结构特征中得到有关企业核心能力和信任的信息,根据三个基本原则(敏捷性原则、核心能力原则和风险最小化(信任)原则)建立模型和设计算法,把虚拟企业的合作伙伴选择转化为复杂网络的网络搜索问题。与现有的方法相比,作者提出的新方法能帮助虚拟组织计划者快速找到合作伙伴。
(2)提出了基于合作网络的虚拟组织孵化环境的识别方法。目前的研究认为虚拟组织孵化环境是孕育虚拟企业的“土壤”,是快速找到合作伙伴的有效途径。作者通过构建企业合作网络,提出虚拟组织孵化环境的社会需求和网络结构特征,建立模型以及设计算法,把虚拟组织孵化环境的识别转化为复杂网络的社团结构发现问题。
虚拟组织孵化环境的识别和构建有助于减少寻找合作伙伴的时间和成本、建立企业间的基本信任、打造公共的基础架构和共同的行为规则,从而实现虚拟企业的敏捷性和提高企业合作的效率。
(3)综合企业建模和业务建模现有的研究成果,提出了定义虚拟企业具体模型的方法。该方法包括5个步骤:描述虚拟企业的价值链(网络),识别虚拟企业的角色、定义它们之间的相互关系,根据价值链(网络)进行价值配置、形成企业间的伙伴关系,业务流程建模和设计虚拟企业中人员合作的网络。该方法的提出有助于指导虚拟企业具体模型的开发从而加快虚拟企业的构建。
本文从三个方面讨论了如何快速建立虚拟企业,作者提出的这些新方法不仅弥补了目前研究的不足,而且对实际工作具有指导意义。
In the twenty-first century, economic globalization, technological progress and the diversification of customer needs make virtual enterprises widely created. Some independent enterprises form temporary alliances in the help of the information technology, aiming at building world-class competitiveness and responsing to business opportunities agily.
As the virtual enterprise is a temporary alliance built on more than one enterprise, and its success strongly depends on all of the participating enterprises being capable of cooperating as a single unit[90]. In order to help the virtual organization planner to quickly create a virtual enterprise, this paper does researches on several key issues in the formation of the virtual enterprise. The main conclusions of this thesis include:
First is the method of partner selection based on the cooperation network. The collaboration history records results of creating virtual enterprises in practice, which hides the law of survival of the fittest and reflects enterprises’subjective choices. By building the enterprise cooperation network, getting information of core competence and trust from network structure characteristics, and building the model according to three basic principles, the problem of the virtual enterprise’s partner selection is changed to the problem of search in the complex network. Comparing with existing methods, this new method can help the virtual organization planners find partners quickly and efficiently.
Second is the method of identifying virtual organization breeding environments based on the cooperation network. Current studies argue that the virtual organization breeding environment is an effective way to quickly find partners and create the virtual enterprise. By building the enterprise cooperation network, refining common social requirements to all virtual organization breeding environments and turning them into network structure characteristics, the problem of the identification of virtual organization breeding environments is changed to the problem of detecting community structures in the complex network.
The identification and formation of virtual organization breeding environments help reduce the time and cost of finding partners, establish basic trust between enterprises, build public infrastructure and common rules, which improve business agility and collaboration efficiency.
Third is the instantiation methodology of the virtual enterprise. By integrating results from enterprise modeling and business modeling, the author proposes a new method, which includes five steps: value chain description, role identification, value configuration, business process modeling and cooperation design between humans in the virtual enterprise. This proposed method helps to quickly create virtual enterprises too.
This thesis discusses how to quickly create a virtual enterprise from three respects, these new methods proposed by the author both makes up for lack of current researches and guide the practice.
由于虚拟企业是建立在多个企业基础上的暂时性联盟,如何构建这种联盟以保证虚拟企业的成功运转是一个需要首先考虑的问题。为了帮助虚拟组织计划者快速、有效地建立虚拟企业,本论文对虚拟企业构建中的几个关键问题进行了深入研究。主要研究内容和相关结论包括:
(1)提出了基于合作网络的虚拟企业的合作伙伴选择方法。企业合作的历史是企业在实践中不断选择的结果,既隐藏了“优胜劣汰”的自然法则,又反映了企业的主观愿望。作者通过构建企业合作网络,从网络结构特征中得到有关企业核心能力和信任的信息,根据三个基本原则(敏捷性原则、核心能力原则和风险最小化(信任)原则)建立模型和设计算法,把虚拟企业的合作伙伴选择转化为复杂网络的网络搜索问题。与现有的方法相比,作者提出的新方法能帮助虚拟组织计划者快速找到合作伙伴。
(2)提出了基于合作网络的虚拟组织孵化环境的识别方法。目前的研究认为虚拟组织孵化环境是孕育虚拟企业的“土壤”,是快速找到合作伙伴的有效途径。作者通过构建企业合作网络,提出虚拟组织孵化环境的社会需求和网络结构特征,建立模型以及设计算法,把虚拟组织孵化环境的识别转化为复杂网络的社团结构发现问题。
虚拟组织孵化环境的识别和构建有助于减少寻找合作伙伴的时间和成本、建立企业间的基本信任、打造公共的基础架构和共同的行为规则,从而实现虚拟企业的敏捷性和提高企业合作的效率。
(3)综合企业建模和业务建模现有的研究成果,提出了定义虚拟企业具体模型的方法。该方法包括5个步骤:描述虚拟企业的价值链(网络),识别虚拟企业的角色、定义它们之间的相互关系,根据价值链(网络)进行价值配置、形成企业间的伙伴关系,业务流程建模和设计虚拟企业中人员合作的网络。该方法的提出有助于指导虚拟企业具体模型的开发从而加快虚拟企业的构建。
本文从三个方面讨论了如何快速建立虚拟企业,作者提出的这些新方法不仅弥补了目前研究的不足,而且对实际工作具有指导意义。
In the twenty-first century, economic globalization, technological progress and the diversification of customer needs make virtual enterprises widely created. Some independent enterprises form temporary alliances in the help of the information technology, aiming at building world-class competitiveness and responsing to business opportunities agily.
As the virtual enterprise is a temporary alliance built on more than one enterprise, and its success strongly depends on all of the participating enterprises being capable of cooperating as a single unit[90]. In order to help the virtual organization planner to quickly create a virtual enterprise, this paper does researches on several key issues in the formation of the virtual enterprise. The main conclusions of this thesis include:
First is the method of partner selection based on the cooperation network. The collaboration history records results of creating virtual enterprises in practice, which hides the law of survival of the fittest and reflects enterprises’subjective choices. By building the enterprise cooperation network, getting information of core competence and trust from network structure characteristics, and building the model according to three basic principles, the problem of the virtual enterprise’s partner selection is changed to the problem of search in the complex network. Comparing with existing methods, this new method can help the virtual organization planners find partners quickly and efficiently.
Second is the method of identifying virtual organization breeding environments based on the cooperation network. Current studies argue that the virtual organization breeding environment is an effective way to quickly find partners and create the virtual enterprise. By building the enterprise cooperation network, refining common social requirements to all virtual organization breeding environments and turning them into network structure characteristics, the problem of the identification of virtual organization breeding environments is changed to the problem of detecting community structures in the complex network.
The identification and formation of virtual organization breeding environments help reduce the time and cost of finding partners, establish basic trust between enterprises, build public infrastructure and common rules, which improve business agility and collaboration efficiency.
Third is the instantiation methodology of the virtual enterprise. By integrating results from enterprise modeling and business modeling, the author proposes a new method, which includes five steps: value chain description, role identification, value configuration, business process modeling and cooperation design between humans in the virtual enterprise. This proposed method helps to quickly create virtual enterprises too.
This thesis discusses how to quickly create a virtual enterprise from three respects, these new methods proposed by the author both makes up for lack of current researches and guide the practice.
引文
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